1、专业英语四级（作文）模拟试卷 161及答案与解析 一、 PART VI WRITING 1 Read carefully the following excerpt on criminal charges on gaokao cheaters, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 200 words, in which you should: - summarize the main message of the excerpt, and then - comment on how to prevent cheating in gaokao
2、 effectively. You should support yourself with information from the excerpt. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Gaokao Cheaters to Face Criminal Charges Education
3、al authorities believe that by dangling the prospect of a harsh punishment in front of the test-takers, it will safeguard the fairness of the tests, widely seen as an important part of social justice, analysts said. The ministries of education (MOE) and public security (MPS) have repeatedly urged lo
4、cal authorities to combat gaokao-related crimes, with over 170 suspects arrested and over 6, 000 pieces of illegal information, both online and from other sources, having been dealt with. This includes advertisements selling answers and cheating equipment. A national campaign has also been launched
5、to crack down on the sale of wireless devices for cheating, unauthorized gaokao content online and substitute exam sitters. Products and devices to aid in cheating have become increasingly sophisticated, ranging from watches, headphones and T-shirts with receivers to equipment usually used for spyin
6、g. The industry makes huge profits, news site thepaper. en reported, based on 84 court rulings in cases of gaokao cheating from 2012 to 2015. Gaokao cheating has evolved from an individual practice to an organized criminal enterprise in recent years, which involves both teachers and test organizers.
7、 This severely affects the chance for students to have an equal shot at education resources, Lao Kaisheng, an education expert at Beijing Normal University told the Global Times. “Safeguarding fairness in the gaokao and education in general is the baseline for China to maintain social justice,“ said
8、 Xiong Bingqi, vice president of the 21st Century Education Research Institute in Beijing. 2 Read carefully the following excerpt on discounts for being polite arguments across the world, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 200 words, in which you should: - summarize the main message of the
9、 excerpt, and then - comment on whether polite behavior should be encouraged by monetary means. You should support yourself with information from the excerpt. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions
10、 may result in a loss of marks. Discounts for Being Polite A Chinese university is offering students a 50 percent discount in its canteen if they show some common courtesy to canteen staff, its reported. The new incentive has been implemented at Anhui Normal University, as part of campus-wide campai
11、gn to improve students manners. To qualify for the discount, which cuts the cost of a meal from 6 yuan to 3 yuan, students only have to utter niceties such as “hello“ , “please“ and “thank you“. Anyone who tells staff “you worked hard“ will also be rewarded. “ Recently the school hosted a great disc
12、ussion into how we could introduce ideas about etiquette, and we considered how to give the canteen an educational function in changing customer behavior,“ says university official Jing Fangming. Similarly, a cafe in Virginia has come up with almost the same strategy to convince customers to be more
13、 polite. The business offers financial rewards to those who mind their ps and qs. A sign outside the establishment advertises different costs for a cup of coffee depending on how courteous the customer is when ordering. The prices are listed with the typical phrases a patron might use when placing t
14、heir order. They include: “small coffee“ at $5, “small coffee please“ at $3 and “hello, one small coffee please“ at $1.75. Fabrice Pepino, manager of the cafe, said of the rationale: “ At lunchtime people would come in very stressed and were sometimes rude to us when they ordered a coffee. “ He adde
15、d, “I know this is not the best way to use money to get basic etiquette, but it works and it makes sense that civilized behavior doesnt come naturally. “ 3 Read carefully the following excerpt on the promotion of love courses on university campuses and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 200 wo
16、rds, in which you should: - summarize the main message of the excerpt, and then - comment on whether love courses on university campuses should be encouraged. You should support yourself with information from the excerpt. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization
17、 and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Crazy in Love? Not Chinas College Students! Students at Tianjin University can now enroll in courses in what is possibly the most difficult subject of all love. Around 200 students crowded into a lecture h
18、all at the prestigious university as the first class of a new course on romance, “Basic Theory and Experience of Love“ , got underway. “ Hopefully the lecture will give students a higher sense of responsibility toward dating,“ said Liu Xiaochun, an associate professor of law at Tianjin University an
19、d course lecturer. During the 90-minute talk Liu explained legal issues related to dating, including such topics as mistresses, domestic violence, divorce and abortion. “It is the first time I have talked about dating in public,“ he said. For many, often away from home for the first time, college is
20、 their first chance to explore romance after dedicating much of their high school years to study. Organized by a student dating club, the course covers a wide range of topics from dating tips and etiquette to counseling. The classes are taught by teachers from the university and external experts. Th
21、e course was inundated with more than 800 applications, far beyond initial expectations, Wang Rui, head of the student dating club, said. College relationships have been openly discussed across Chinese campuses, resulting in several programs to help students make their way through what could be a mi
22、nefield. Such august institutions as China Youth University of Political Studies, Wuhan University and Renmin University all have similar courses. “ The purpose of these courses is not to encourage students to fall in love, but to help them develop a proper attitude toward love and cope with problem
23、s they might meet when dating,“ Xiong Bingqi, deputy director of 21st Century Education Research Institute, said. 4 Read carefully the following excerpt on the effects of outdoor learning on childrens development, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 200 words, in which you should: - summari
24、ze the main message of the excerpt, and then - comment on whether outdoor learning should be boosted in schools. You should support yourself with information from the excerpt. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the a
25、bove instructions may result in a loss of marks. Outdoor Learning Boosts Childrens Development Childhoods were dramatically changing, with fewer opportunities to spend time outdoors, researchers observed. The loss of exposure to the natural environment would have negative long-term consequences, the
26、y warned. Establishing an “outdoor learning hub“ would help teachers, and help shape policies and strategy, they suggested. The report highlighted previous studies that showed that with busier family lives, combined with an increased sense of fear in society, children were having fewer opportunities
27、 to explore their surrounding natural environment. This was hampering childrens social skills as well as risking stifling their long-term physical, emotional development and well-being. Therefore, it was important that schools did not overlook the opportunities that outdoor learning provided to brid
28、ge this gap. “At the moment, if outdoor learning is part of a schools curriculum in England, it is largely because the teachers recognize the value of it,“ said report co-author, Sue Waite, a reader in outdoor learning at Plymouth University, UK. With so much focus on academic attainment, there can
29、be pressure on teachers to stay in the classroom which means children are missing out on so many experiences that will benefit them through their lives. Ms. Waite added that the report showed that although there was a significant body of research that supports outdoor learning in both formal and inf
30、ormal contexts, it was likely to remain on the margins of education until the benefits were recognized by policymakers and reflected in policies. The report calls for it to be adopted by national curricula. The report made a number of recommendations, including the establishment of a “ strategic pol
31、icy/ research hub“ to “collate existing research, prioritize future research needs and help improve the alignment between research and policy“. The report also proposed a “Framework for 21st Century Student Outcomes“ that could be delivered through regular lessons in natural environments. 专业英语四级（作文）
32、模拟试卷 161答案与解析 一、 PART VI WRITING 1 【正确答案】 Its High Time to Deal with Cheating in Gaokao With the increasing sophistication of the aiding devices and involvement of organized enterprises in gaokao-related crimes, to safeguard fairness and maintain social justice, a harsh punishment is urgently called
33、 for. In my opinion, a deeper introspection of this issue reveals the actual foe behind this fiercely competitive scene. If not confronted, crimes of this kind are doomed to make a notorious comeback. To begin with, in a country where supremacy is attached more to scores that are manifested within a
34、 few hours than ones aptitude and integrity, those who are either slack or desperate would take an insolent risk of cheating in gaokao as their grasping straws. In pursuit of a once-and-for-all shot in determining an important phase of life, some, equipped with smart devices, dare risk cheating in t
35、he exam. Moreover, the ill-designed gaokao system fans the fire of bold deceit in gaokao. As mentioned, if one single exam continues to determine a persons whole life, this shameless crime must claw its way back. So both the moral lessons and the structure and content of gaokao should be adjusted so
36、 that cheating in gaokao can be curbed beforehand. Firstly, moral lessons should be instilled to the potential candidates of cheaters again and again. For those who dare take the risk, both the cheaters and those involved should face a severe punishment. Secondly, several exams and interviews should
37、 be required, coupled with a persons previous record in academic and moral achievement. With these implemented, hopefully, charging cheaters legally will be our last resort. In conclusion, instead of being our best option, a severe punishment is nothing but hindsight. Sentencing an exam-cheater to t
38、he jail may well be a powerful pesticide to this infestation, but moral lessons and structural alteration should also be given in prevention of cheating in gaokao. 【试题解析】 本题讨论如何有效地解决高考作弊这一话题。选段中首先摆明了政府推行针对高考作弊者实施刑 罚的态度，然后分析了采取此措施的原因，即当前高考作弊已经产业化并使用有组织的高科技手段。选段最后强调将高考作弊入刑将是行之有效的解决手段。此题的写作重点在于：首先概括上述选
39、段重点，其次要针对高考作弊者是否应该人刑提出自己的观点并进行论述。 【知识模块】 作文 2 【正确答案】 Paying for Being Polite Is Unjustified Recently, two cafeterias at home and abroad offered considerable discounts for customers who showed polite manners. Justified as a special way to teach courtesy into the minds of the stressed people, this att
40、empt gains applause for itself. However, in my opinion, using politeness as a bargaining chip is not a proper way to promote civilized behavior. To begin with, encouraging social etiquette via money sends a wrong message about politeness itself. While it may appeal to the cash-strapped students on c
41、ampus or elsewhere, tragically, it reduces the value of being socially refined. The idea of being considerate to others feelings and sensitivities, if not embroiled in our nature at birth, should be cultivated in a more preaching or spiritual way. Besides, the rewards of such a generous yet meaningl
42、ess attempt cannot justify itself. At the lure of monetary incentive, some people may offer smiles only to yield to the savage magic of money as a windfall instead of enjoying the balm of being polite. One disappointing possibility may be that once they return to the bustle and hustle of their lives
43、, they may soon forget the lavishly bought courtesy. To sum up, a healthy dose of behavior should be promoted at a metaphysical level. As an old Confucius saying goes: “ Do as you would be done by others. “ Politeness is not something we pay in the hope of getting paid off, be it a discount, an appl
44、ause from others or a whiff of satisfaction of our ego, but rather something we revive in us the true meaning of being a civilized human being and a distinction from trained animals. 【试题解析】 本题讨论是否应该用金钱手段来鼓励人们的文明行为。选段中分别给出了中国和外国用金钱鼓励礼貌的例子，并用了两段引语来展示这种行为的理由。本题的写作重点在于：首先概括选段，即用金钱鼓励礼貌这种现象以及这种做法的原因，然后就礼貌
45、行为是否应该用金钱来鼓励这一话题表达自己的观点。 【知识模块】 作文 3 【正确答案】 Love Courses on University Campuses Should Be Promoted Intended to help students develop a proper attitude toward love and cope with problems accordingly and applauded by its avid audiences, a new course on romance has been ushered into classrooms of sever
46、al august universities in China with its content ranging from legal issues related to dating etiquette. Personally, I propose that love classes of this kind should be promoted on university campuses. Firstly, love courses can equip students with healthy advice on dating and keeping relationships. Co
47、llege students, most of whom have dedicated themselves ferociously to study in high schools, may have their first chance to explore romance during college time. Totally immature in this aspect, they may feel the squeeze of this big-bang moment in their life. Therefore, an urgent call for such knowle
48、dge resonates. Courses ranging from dating tips to social etiquette offer healthy advice to students. Besides these handy tips, more importantly, these classes may guide students into a right attitude toward love for which moral fiber is forever a prerequisite instead of animal passion. Love, or mar
49、riage, may be the turning point of a person who learns to share duties and shoulder responsibilities and to reform him to a better man. Moreover, to those who suffer from depression because of unrequited love, these lectures can console their broken hearts via useful advice such as pouring their hearts out to their family members or intimate friends. In a word, the love phase, an important period of ones lifetime, may be a minefield for those who have never entered. Instead of wooing their crushes with a blind rampage or singing a siren song, student
