1、中国人民大学考博英语模拟试卷 5及答案与解析 一、 Structure and Vocabulary 1 The membership card entitled him_certain privileges in the club. （ A） on （ B） in （ C） at （ D） to 2 Obviously,the Chairmans remarks at the conference were_and not planned. （ A） substantial （ B） spontaneous （ C） simultaneous （ D） synthetic 3 For the
2、 success of the project,the company should_the most of the opportunities at hand. （ A） obtain （ B） grasp （ C） catch （ D） make 4 Failure to follow the club rules_him from the volleyball team. （ A） disfavoured （ B） dispelled （ C） disqualified （ D） dismissed 5 The discovery of new oil-fields in various
3、 parts of the country filled the government with_hope. （ A） eternal （ B） infinite （ C） ceaseless （ D） everlasting 6 At first the company refused to purchase the equipment,but this decision was_revised. （ A） subsequently （ B） successively （ C） predominantly （ D） preliminarily 7 The local police are a
4、uthorized to_anyones movements as they think fit. （ A） pause （ B） halt （ C） repel （ D） keep 8 Have you ever received_of what has happened to her? （ A） the word （ B） words （ C） word （ D） the words 9 Twelve is to three_four is to one. （ A） what （ B） as （ C） that （ D） like 10 Things went well for her d
5、uring her early life but in her middle age her_seemed to change. （ A） affair （ B） luck （ C） event （ D） chance 11 Although I spoke to her about the matter several times,she took little_of what I said. （ A） remark （ B） warning （ C） notice （ D） attention 12 The scheme was_when it was discovered it woul
6、d be very costly. （ A） resigned （ B） surrendered （ C） released （ D） abandoned 13 Yesterday my aunt bought some new_for her flat at the seaside. （ A） furniture （ B） furnitures （ C） possession （ D） possessions 14 When he realized the police had spotted him,the man_the exit as quickly as possible. （ A）
7、 made for （ B） made out （ C） made up to （ D） made way 15 The annual_of the department store starts tomorrow. （ A） stocking （ B） stocktaking （ C） stockpiling （ D） stockholding 16 Remember to ask for a_of quality for these goodsjotherwise they will not offer any maintenance. （ A） warranty （ B） promise
8、 （ C） certificate （ D） receipt 17 In many countries tobacco and medicine are government_. （ A） control （ B） monopoly （ C） business （ D） belongings 18 It is_of you to turn down the radio while your sister is still ill in bed. （ A） considerable （ B） considerate （ C） concerned （ D） careful 19 Although
9、the accident did very little_to the car, I still suggest that you drive more carefully next time. （ A） demolishment （ B） ruin （ C） destruction （ D） damage 20 He offered to_her a hand as the suitcase was too heavy for her to carry. （ A） help （ B） show （ C） lend （ D） borrow 21 My cousin likes eating v
10、ery much but he isnt very_about the food he eats. （ A） special （ B） peculiar （ C） particular （ D） specific 22 Your advice would be_valuable to him,who is now at a loss as to what to do first. （ A） exceedingly （ B） excessively （ C） extensively （ D） exclusively 23 More often than not, it is difficult
11、to_the exact meaning of a Chinese idiom in English. （ A） exchange （ B） transfer （ C） convey （ D） convert 24 She refused to_the door key to the landlady until she got back her deposit. （ A） hand in （ B） hand out （ C） hand down （ D） hand over 25 The scientists have absolute freedom as to what research
12、 they think it best to_. （ A） engage （ B） devote （ C） seek （ D） pursue 26 The Olympic Games_in 776 B.C.in Olympia.a small town in Greece. （ A） originated （ B） stemmed （ C） derived （ D） descended 27 We should always bear in mind that_decisions often result in serious consequences. （ A） urgent （ B） in
13、stant （ C） prompt （ D） hasty 28 The fact that the management is trying to reach agreement_five separate unions has led to long negotiations. （ A） over （ B） upon （ C） in （ D） with 29 The chairman of the company said that new techniques had_improved their production efficiency. （ A） violently （ B） sev
14、erely （ C） extremely （ D） radically 30 The local authorities realized the need to make_for elderly people in their housing programmes. （ A） preparation （ B） requirement （ C） specification （ D） provision 31 The guest team was beaten by the host team 2_4 in last years CFA Cup Final. （ A） over （ B） in
15、（ C） to （ D） against 32 The police let him go,because they didnt find him guilty_the murder. （ A） of （ B） in （ C） over （ D） on 33 As a developing country,we must keep_with the rapid development of the world economy. （ A） move （ B） step （ C） speed （ D） pace 34 In the past 10 years,the company has gra
16、dually_all of its smaller rivals. （ A） engaged （ B） occupied （ C） monopolized （ D） absorbed 35 Bank notes are not usually_into gold nowadays. （ A） inverted （ B） revertible （ C） convertible. （ D） diverting. 36 I_you that the goods will be delivered next week. （ A） insist （ B） confirm （ C） assure （ D）
17、 ensure. 37 The manager just_his resignation to the board meeting yesterday and today another one took his place. （ A） sent up （ B） sent off （ C） sent out （ D） sent in. 38 Lets not_over such a trifle! （ A） fall through （ B） fall out （ C） fall off （ D） fall back. 39 The cultures of China and Japan ha
18、ve shared many features,but each has used them according to its national_. （ A） personality （ B） temperament （ C） interest （ D） destiny 40 Our journey was slow because the train stopped_at different villages. （ A） gradually （ B） continuously （ C） constantly （ D） continually 二、 Reading Comprehension
19、40 Just over a year ago, I foolishly locked up my bicycle outside my office, but forgot to remove the pannier. When I returned, the pannier had been stolen. Inside it were about ten of the little red notebooks I take everywhere for jotting down ideas for articles, short stories, TV shows and the lik
20、e. When I lost my notebooks, I was devastated; all the ideas Id had over the past two years were contained within their pages. I could remember only a few of them, but had the impression that those I couldnt recall were truly brilliant. Those little books were crammed with the plots of award-winning
21、 novels and scripts for radio comedy shows that were only two-thirds as bad as the ones on at the moment. Thats not all though. In my reminiscence my lost notebooks contained sketches for many innovative and incredible machines. In one book there was a design for a device that could turn sea water i
22、nto apple cider in another, plan for an automatic dog; in a third, sketches for a pair of waterproof shoes with television screens built into the toes. Now all of these plans are lost to humanity. I found my notebooks again. It turns out they werent in the bike pannier at all, but in a bag in my spa
23、re room, where I found six months after supposedly losing them. And when I flipped through their pages, ready to run to the patent office in the morning, I discovered they were completely full of rubbish. Discovering the notebooks really shook me up. I had firmly come to believe they were brimming w
24、ith brilliant, inventive stuff-and yet clearly they werent. I had deluded myself. After surveying my nonsense, I found that this halo effect always attaches itself to things that seem irretrievably lost. Dont we all have a sneaking feeling that the weather was sunnier, TV shows funnier and cake-shop
25、 buns bunnier in the not-very-distant pasty. All this would not matter much except that it is a powerful element in reactionary thought, this belief in a better yesterday. After all, racism often stems from a delusion that things have deteriorated since “they“ came. What a boon to society it would b
26、e if people could visit the past and see that it wasnt the paradise they imagine but simply the present with different hats. Sadly, time travel is impossible. Until now, that is. Because Ive suddenly remembered I left a leather jacket in an Indonesian restaurant a couples of years ago, and Im absolu
27、tely certain that in the inside pocket there was a sketch Id made. 41 By “only two-thirds as bad as the ones on at the moment“ the author means_. （ A） better than （ B） as bad as （ C） worse than （ D） as good as 42 As soon as the author read the lost notebooks, he_,. （ A） reported the fact （ B） found
28、it valueless （ C） registered the inventions （ D） was very excited 43 Which of the following would the author most probably agree with? （ A） Yesterday is better. （ B） Yesterday is no better than today. （ C） Self-delusion sometimes is necessary. （ D） Things today have deteriorated. 44 Whats the author
29、s initial reaction when he found his notebooks lost? （ A） He was indifferent. （ B） He was worried. （ C） He was pleased. （ D） He was excited. 45 “Halo effect “here refers to_. （ A） Illusion （ B） Delusion （ C） Disillusion （ D） Allusion 45 By far the most common difficulty in study is simple failure to
30、 get down to regular concentrated work. This difficulty is much greater for those who do not work to a plan and have no regular routine of study. Many students muddle along,doing a bit of this subject or that,as the mood takes them,or letting their set work pile up until the last possible moment. Fe
31、w students work to a set timetable. They say that if they did construct a timetable for themselves they would not keep to it, or would have to alter it constantly,since they can never predict from one day to the next what their activities will be. There are many who stay away from the self-regimenta
32、tion of a weekly timetable,and dislike being tied down to a definite program of work. Many able students claim that they work in cycles. When they become interested in a topic they work on it intensively for three or four days at a time. On other days they avoid work completely. It has to be confess
33、ed that we do not fully understand the complexities of the motivation to work. Most people over 25 years of age have become conditioned to a work routine,and the majority of really productive workers set aside regular hours for the more important aspects or their work. The “tough-minded“school of wo
34、rkers is usually very contemptuous of the idea that good work can only be done spontaneously, under the influence of inspiration. Those who believe that they need only work and study as the fit takes them have a mistaken belief either in their own talent or in the value of “freedom“. Freedom from re
35、straint and discipline leads to unhap-piness rather than to “self-expression“or “personality developmenfOur society insists on regular habits, time keeping and punctuality and whether we like it or not,if we mean to make our way in society we have to comply with its demands. 46 The most widespread p
36、roblem on applying oneself to study is that of_. （ A） the failure to keep a routine of methodical and intensive work （ B） changing from one subject to another （ C） unwillingness to follow a systematic plan （ D） applying oneself to a subject only when one feels inclined 47 According to the passage,th
37、ere are many students who_. （ A） do not like being commanded to study according to a weekly timetable （ B） are too timid to accustom themselves to a weekly timetable （ C） refuse to exert themselves the whole week as if under military discipline （ D） shrink from the self-discipline required for worki
38、ng to a weekly plan 48 Those workers with strict views on work_. （ A） are very critical of the belief that good work can be a natural product of instinct （ B） reject the idea that good work is second nature to man （ C） do not regard as serious the opinion that good work can be done at any time regar
39、dless of inspiration （ D） despise the idea that work can be done well only when free from external pressure and prompted by internal stimulus 49 In Paragraph 4“as the fit takes them“means_. （ A） when they have the energy （ B） when they are in the mood （ C） when they find conditions suitable （ D） whe
40、n they feel fit 50 A suitable title for this passage might be_. （ A） Attitudes to Study （ B） Study Plans （ C） Study and Self-discipline （ D） The Difficulties of Studying 50 When a Scottish research team startled the world by revealing three months ago that it had cloned an adult sheep, President Cli
41、nton moved swiftly. Declaring that he was opposed to using this unusual animal husbandry technique to clone humans, he ordered that federal funds not be used for such an experiment although no one had proposed to do so and asked an independent panel of experts chaired by Princeton president Harold S
42、hapiro to report back to the White House in 90 days with recommendations for a national policy on human cloning. That group the national Bioethics Advisory Commission has been working feverishly to put its wisdom on paper,and at a meeting on 17 May,members agreed on a near-final draft of the recomme
43、ndations. NBAC will ask that Clintons 90-day ban on federal funds for human cloning be extended indefinitely and possibly that it be made law. But NBAC members are planning to word the recommendation narrowly to avoid new restrictions on research that involves the cloning of human DNA or cells routi
44、ne in molecular biology. The panel has not yet reached agreement on a crucial question,however,whether to recommend legislation that would make it a crime for private funding to be used for human cloning. In a draft preface to the recommendations,discussed at the 17 May meeting,Shapiro suggested tha
45、t the panel had found a broad consensus that it would be “morally unacceptable to attempt to create a human child by adult nuclear cloning. “Shapiro explained during the meeting that moral doubt stems mainly from fears about the risk to the health of the child. The panel then informally accepted sev
46、eral general conclusions, although some details have not been settled. NBAC members also indicated that they will appeal to privately funded researchers and clinics not to try to clone humans by cell nuclear transfer. But they were divided on whether to go further by calling for a federal law that w
47、ould impose a complete ban on human cloning. Shapiro and most members favored an appeal for such legislation,But in a phone interview, he said this issue was still“up in the air“. 51 We can learn from the first paragraph that_. （ A） the White House responded strongly to the news of cloning （ B） fede
48、ral funds have been used in a project to clone humans （ C） NBAC was empowered to control the misuse of cloning technique （ D） the White House has got the panel s recommendations on cloning 52 The meaning of the word“consensus“in Paragraph 3 is closest to_. （ A） requirement （ B） content （ C） agreemen
49、t （ D） distinction 53 The panel agreed on all of the following except that_. （ A） the ban on federal funds for human cloning should be made a law （ B） the privately funded researchers and clinics should be forbidden to clone humans （ C） it would be against ethical values to clone a human being （ D） it would be against the law to use private funding for human cloning 54 Which of th
