1、中国科学院考博英语模拟试卷 15及答案与解析 一、 Grammar 1 The government slated new elections in the spring, largely as a result of the public clamor. （ A） demand （ B） view （ C） request （ D） opinion 2 The most prolific writer is not necessarily the best. （ A） written-about （ B） productive （ C） artful （ D） religious 3 Ima
2、gine my vexation when they said they would come to dinner and then didnt show. （ A） enlightenment （ B） astonishment （ C） annoyance （ D） contrariness 4 Any troop of wild animals should be approached warily. （ A） fearlessly （ B） confidently （ C） silently （ D） prudently 5 There is little learning invol
3、ved when one is reprimanded two or three months after the deed. （ A） recommended （ B） reproached （ C） recompensed （ D） reversed 6 Archaeologists are interested in pottery, figurines and other vestiges of ancient civilizations. （ A） traces （ B） shards （ C） products （ D） artifacts 7 Packaging is desig
4、ned so as to encourage impetuous shopping. （ A） extravagant （ B） careful （ C） impotent （ D） impulsive 8 Pan of his general thrift is to be meticulous in verifying monthly expenses. （ A） painstaking （ B） dilatory （ C） meretricious （ D） gaudy 9 The jurors came to a deadlock in the defendants trial for
5、 murder. （ A） a decision of guilty （ B） a decision to punish by electrocution （ C） an impasse （ D） an unusual verdict 10 Among the lowest of the judicial ranks, justices of the peace nevertheless frequently exercise jurisdiction over a variety of misdemeanors. （ A） guidance （ B） sovereignty （ C） aut
6、hority （ D） suzerainty 11 A mistake is rarely atoned for by a single apology, however profuse. （ A） extravagant （ B） produced （ C） divergent （ D） repetitious 12 Her office in the First National Bank building is provisional. （ A） permanent （ B） temporary （ C） corrupt （ D） craven 13 The burglars ransa
7、cked the room taking anything of value they found. （ A） demolished （ B） took over （ C） inhabited （ D） thoroughly searched 14 The whole of the endowment was used to refurbish the school gymnasium. （ A） millionaires （ B） endorsements （ C） governments （ D） donations 15 The massacre of innocent people c
8、annot ever be condoned. （ A） overlooked （ B） praise （ C） condemned （ D） satisfied 二、 Error Identification 16 (Police) were sent to disperse the crowds but ended up (by shooting) down protesters and it was in (this) chaos that the seeds of political liberation were (sown). （ A） Police （ B） by shootin
9、g （ C） this （ D） sown 17 Even today, (through) the (hustle and bustle) of Nevsky Prospect, St Petersburgs main street, the (classical) beauty of the city (mesmerizes) the eye. （ A） through （ B） hustle and bustle （ C） classical （ D） mesmerizes 18 She is furious (of) her sons grades in school, (which)
10、 explains why Mark is jealous (of) Julias high marks (on) the exam. （ A） of （ B） which （ C） of （ D） on 19 Smog-choked Southern California (demands) them. Its a Car for people who never want to go to (a) gas station again. But the fact is, for all the talk, selling (gas-less) machines has been a (har
11、d-sell). （ A） demands （ B） a （ C） gas-less （ D） hard-sell 20 People thought: Hey, eat a carp and you will be taking in (what) it is that gives you these (fish) their long (life-span). Of course, it (hasnt done) a lot of good for these carp. （ A） what （ B） fish （ C） life-span （ D） hasnt done 21 In de
12、ciding to undertake dangerous pursuits, people (usually strive) for their maximum personal ability rating, (when) they (are challenged) but can be victorious, rather than merely (surmounting the mediocre). （ A） usually strive （ B） when （ C） are challenged （ D） surmounting the mediocre 22 In proposin
13、g (such philanthropic donations), the director of the company certainly spoke (from) a-genuine concern (for the needy) and not (any desire) for personal accolades. （ A） such philanthropic donations （ B） from （ C） for the needy （ D） any desire 23 The armor, infantry and (other military forces) (were
14、held up) by (the enemy counter attack), thus (caused) the delay in the advance. （ A） other military forces （ B） were held up （ C） the enemy counter attack （ D） caused 24 (Just as) children the world over (like) Christmas rooming, (adults so like) Christmas evening when (peace and calm) return to the
15、 household. （ A） Just as （ B） like （ C） adults so like （ D） peace and calm 25 (Each) employee with (a modicum of intelligence) (would be able to) undertake (such a) basic process. （ A） Each （ B） a modicum of intelligence （ C） would be able to （ D） such a 26 The economic situation (will improve) give
16、n that there is (forecast to be) less unemployment and (closures) than (in previous years). （ A） will improve （ B） forecast to be （ C） closures （ D） in previous years 27 The three most important issues (of concern to) citizens today are (prison reform), (abusing children), and toxic (waste). （ A） of
17、 concern to （ B） prison reform （ C） abusing children （ D） waste 28 I was (on the verge) of (incurring) Mr. Rochesters wrath by not listening to his prohibitions, (while) a my once more shone almost (imperceptibly) on the hallway wall and I heard his muffled step on the carpet. （ A） on the verge （ B）
18、 incurring （ C） while （ D） imperceptibly 29 (The above) is the most important aspect (which) apes (can be told) from (more primitive) social groupings. （ A） The above （ B） which （ C） can be told （ D） more primitive 30 _ that the earth was flat? （ A） Used it to be thought （ B） Did it used to be thoug
19、ht （ C） Was it used to being thought （ D） Does it used to be thought 三、 Structure and Vocabulary 31 When he realized the true nature of the proposal, he _ all communication with the group. （ A） convert （ B） reverted （ C） severed （ D） make 32 The worsening financial situation made it obvious that an
20、economic depression was _. （ A） attainable （ B） remote （ C） imminent （ D） eminent 33 All of the dental instruments need to be _ before the next patient is seen. （ A） heated （ B） scalded （ C） sterilized （ D） burned 34 Rock climbing is so popular now that many people are able to _ the steepest face wi
21、th great agility. （ A） scale （ B） surpass （ C） overcome （ D） mount 35 If you call the 911 emergency number, they will _ firemen, policemen, and paramedics immediately. （ A） assign （ B） detach （ C） attach （ D） dispatch 36 His evident _ to his wife despite her indiscretion proved him to be a man of in
22、tegrity. （ A） personality （ B） character （ C） fidelity （ D） morality 37 I dont know why he has been given _. It wasnt his accomplishment but his wifes. （ A） acclaim （ B） confidence （ C） reimbursement （ D） robustness 38 After a concert tour in Asia, Canada and the U.S., he will _ work on a five-langu
23、age opera. （ A） confine （ B） indulge （ C） resume （ D） undergo 39 When Ph. D candidates _ their impending professorships, they consider housing benefits offered by the prospective universities. （ A） anticipate （ B） assume （ C） apply （ D） demand 40 My supply of confidence slowly _ as the deadline appr
24、oached. （ A） withdrew （ B） eliminated （ C） exterminated （ D） diminished 41 The battle is of great significance when viewed in the _ of the progress of the war. （ A） prospective （ B） respective （ C） perspective （ D） prescriptive 42 It has long been known that total sleep _ is 100 percent fatal to rat
25、s, yet, upon examination of the dead bodies, the animals look completely normal. （ A） deposition （ B） destruction （ C） deprivation （ D） reduction 43 In that country, hospital doctors dont go sightseeing very often because their work _ almost all their time. （ A） takes up （ B） takes off （ C） takes ap
26、art （ D） takes over 44 According to the law of that country, the Parliament will have to be _ before the General Election. （ A） decomposed （ B） dispersed （ C） dissolved （ D） disintegrated 45 He failed to carry out some of the provisions of the contract, and now he has to _ the consequences. （ A） ans
27、wer for （ B） run into （ C） abide by （ D） step into 46 Switzerland is (best) known for its (majesty) mountain range and (thousands) flock to the Alps each year to take advantage of (their) ideal skiing conditions. （ A） best （ B） majesty （ C） thousands （ D） their 47 It is most inappropriate _ in the c
28、ollege VIP lounge. （ A） for any students to be there （ B） for there to be any students （ C） to be any students there （ D） to have there any students 48 She _ much more accurate responses now, had she taken more pains in devising the questions. （ A） got （ B） would have got （ C） had got （ D） would be
29、getting 49 An extensive foundation in the basic sciences should be required of all science students, _. （ A） whether they are future physicists or chemists. （ B） be they future physicists or chemists. （ C） they are future physicists or chemists. （ D） they should be future physicists or chemists. 50
30、The general opinion is that he is _ to complain. （ A） so much a milquetoast （ B） too a milquetoast （ C） too much of a milquetoast （ D） so much of a milquetoast 51 Although of course there are exceptions, it seems reasonably clear that in certain countries Rwanda, Somalia and parts of the former Yugo
31、slavia come to mind hunger is less a result of an absolute food shortage, _ a policy decision or the politica （ A） than of （ B） rather than （ C） but the result of （ D） than is 52 The ozone layer plays as great a role in the stability of spaceship Earth as _ the waters of its lakes, ponds, oceans, ri
32、vers, and streams. （ A） do （ B） does （ C） play （ D） are 53 Perhaps I should not have done so, but I changed my mind about the new job even though I was _ last week. （ A） to be started （ B） to have started （ C） to have been starting （ D） start 54 Despite an overlay of quasi-literary French vocabulary
33、 stemming from the Norman Invasion of 1066, the daily vocabulary of English remained Germanic, _ its grammatical structure. （ A） the same are （ B） and so are （ C） as did （ D） and so were 55 Although money is always useful, it isnt all _. （ A） what there is to life （ B） to which there is in life （ C）
34、 there is to life （ D） that is in life 56 ever so humble, theres no place like home. （ A） It be （ B） Be it （ C） It was （ D） Was it 57 _ all customs, no matter how sacrosanct, are essentially learned reactions appropriate perhaps only to the holders thereof is a basic assumption of anthropologists. （
35、 A） Nearly （ B） It is nearly （ C） That nearly （ D） When nearly 58 Although women cluster to him like moths around a flame, he is none _ happier for it. （ A） but （ B） the （ C） much （ D） any 59 The major mason why Americans enjoy an abundant food supply is that the amble land at their disposal for foo
36、d production is _. （ A） three times more the world average （ B） three times as much the world average （ C） three times the world average （ D） the world average is three times 60 The sound of the roaring of a tiger is _ heard by jungle dwellers _ feelings of unease, for a year does not elapse without
37、 victims falling to the tigers ferocity. （ A） always. with （ B） ever. without （ C） ever. with （ D） never. without 四、 Cloze 60 One of the basic characteristics of capitalism is the private ownership of the major means of production capital. The ownership of large amounts of capital can bring 【 C1】 _
38、profits, as well as economic and political power. Some recent theorists, 【 C2】 _ have argued that our society has moved to a new stage of 【 C3】 _ that they call “postindustrial“ society. One important change in such society is that the ownership of 【 C4】 _ amounts of capital is no longer the only or
39、 even the most important 【 C5】 _ of profits and influence; knowledge as well as 【 C6】 _ capital brings profits and influence. There are. many 【 C7】 _ with the thesis above, not the least of 【 C8】 _ is that wealthy capitalists can buy the experts and knowledge they need to keep their profits and infl
40、uence. But this does not 【 C9】 _ the importance of knowledge in an advanced industrial society, as the 【 C10】 _ of some new industries indicates. 【 C11】 _ , genetic engineering and the new computer technology have 【 C12】_ many new firms and made some scientists quite rich. In 【 C13】 _ with criticism
41、 of the postindustrial society thesis, however, it must also be 【 C14】 _ that those already in control of huge amounts of capital (i.e., major corporations) soon 【 C15】 _ to take most profits in these industries based on new knowledge. Moving down from the level of wealth and power, we still find kn
42、owledge increasingly 【 C16】 _ . Many new high-tech jobs are being created at the upper-skill, low-paying service 【 C17】 _ . Something like a caste line is emerging centered around knowledge. Individuals who fall too far behind in the 【 C18】 _ of knowledge at a young age will find it almost impossibl
43、e to catch up later, no matter how hard they try. Illiteracy in English language has been a severe 【 C19】 _ for many years in the United States, but we are also moving to the point when computer illiteracy will hinder many more people and 【 C20】 _ them to a life of low-skill and low-paid labor. 61 【
44、 C1】 （ A） quantitative （ B） extensive （ C） comprehensive （ D） sophisticated 62 【 C2】 （ A） moreover （ B） however （ C） therefore （ D） nevertheless 63 【 C3】 （ A） aggression （ B） proficiency （ C） productivity （ D） evolution 64 【 C4】 （ A） dominant （ B） impressive （ C） magnificent （ D） significant 65 【 C5
45、】 （ A） source （ B） factor （ C） component （ D） element 66 【 C6】 （ A） adequate （ B） profitable （ C） material （ D） spiritual 67 【 C7】 （ A） advantages （ B） consequences （ C） problems （ D） potentials 68 【 C8】 （ A） them （ B） those （ C） which （ D） that 69 【 C9】 （ A） deny （ B） refuse （ C） admit （ D） acknowl
46、edge 70 【 C10】 （ A） emergence （ B） innovation （ C） extinction （ D） discovery 71 【 C11】 （ A） In addition （ B） For example （ C） Above all （ D） In short 72 【 C12】 （ A） produced （ B） created （ C） improved （ D） facilitated 73 【 C13】 （ A） line （ B） need （ C） doubt （ D） match 74 【 C14】 （ A） idealized （ B）
47、recognized （ C） supervised （ D） summarized 75 【 C15】 （ A） stepped in （ B） settled down （ C） leaned over （ D） mined out 76 【 C16】 （ A） accessible （ B） important （ C） popular （ D） abundant 77 【 C17】 （ A） enterprises （ B） employment （ C） professions （ D） industries 78 【 C18】 （ A） control （ B） mastery （
48、 C） search （ D） pursuit 79 【 C19】 （ A） handicap （ B） penalty （ C） inconvenience （ D） shortcoming 80 【 C20】 （ A） enforce （ B） punish （ C） confine （ D） condemn 五、 Reading Comprehension 80 Let us assume, for the moment, that labor is not prepared to work for a lower money-wage and that a reduction in t
49、he existing level of money-wages would lead, through strikes or otherwise, to a withdrawal from the labor market of labor which is now employed. Does it follow from this that the existing level of real wages accurately treasures the marginal disutility of labor? Not necessarily. For, although a reduction in the existing mone
