1、中国科学院考博英语模拟试卷 16及答案与解析 一、 Structure and Vocabulary 1 Communication orally involves more than reading or talking: gesture, posture, movements may all be _ to it. （ A） intrinsic （ B） coherent （ C） appealing （ D） submissive 2 He did not tell his parents because he knew they would try to change his mind
2、 but he _ in a colleague at work. （ A） involved （ B） joined （ C） engrossed （ D） confided 3 In no _ should you do this without help and advice from your doctorrestricting the diet of small children can be very dangerous. （ A） perspectives （ B） restrictions （ C） circumstances （ D） consequences 4 The i
3、dea was just beginning to _ in America and we knew that it was going to become the way that retailing companies were run. （ A） show up （ B） catch on （ C） open out （ D） get by 5 Without Bobs testimony, evidence of bribery is lacking and _ in the case will be impossible. （ A） verdict （ B） sentence （ C
4、） conviction （ D） acquittal 6 Pupils often want to sit next to their particular friend and many classroom activities involve moving about, but even relatively snail alterations can make _ to the visual comfort of pupils with sight defects. （ A） a difference （ B） an interference （ C） a modification （
5、 D） an impact 7 Most of them had visited the invalid often during the past few months, marveling at his _ spirit and his unfailing good temper. （ A） variant （ B） gallant （ C） pertinent （ D） solitary 8 Individuals may at various points in their lives experience discrimination in the allocation of re
6、sources either _ of being too old or too young. （ A） at the risk （ B） to the point （ C） in the case （ D） on the ground 9 When a system is unjust to the _, abolition, not reform, is what respect for justice demands. （ A） end （ B） excess （ C） core （ D） bottom 10 The custom is _ in the belief that a ne
7、w pregnancythrough its detrimental effect on breastfeedingwould endanger the mothers health. （ A） celebrated （ B） observed （ C） viewed （ D） presented 11 But, in our enthusiasm to discover our heritage, we are ruining the very scenery we go to en joy, damaging natural habitats, _ down footpaths, dist
8、urbing wildlife, polluting the air and drop ping litter. （ A） wearing （ B） treading （ C） falling （ D） cutting 12 Any person who is in _ while awaiting trial is considered innocent until he has been declared guilty. （ A） jeopardy （ B） custody （ C） suspicion （ D） probation 13 Now, dont tell anyone els
9、e what Ive just told you. Remember, its _. （ A） controversial （ B） secretive （ C） confidential （ D） sacred 14 The Freedom of Information Act gives private citizen _ government files. （ A） release from （ B） excess of （ C） redress of （ D） access to 15 The oil price rise reactivated the boom in commodi
10、ty prices and _ inflation, which reached an annual rate of 15 per cent in the spring of 1974. （ A） boosted （ B） harnessed （ C） staggered （ D） embarked 16 Did he really expect her to smile now and _ with his plans, treat all this deception as no more than an unusual diversion? （ A） fall in （ B） put o
11、ff （ C） agree to （ D） stand up 17 The Commission found instances where police officers had lied under oath, _ evidence, neglected black prisoners and wrongly imprisoned Aborigines. （ A） entailed （ B） fabricated （ C） cleansed （ D） precluded 18 She _ the words, not knowing what to say, how to put into
12、 plain speech her decision to finish their love. （ A） passed onto （ B） stumbled over （ C） burst out （ D） dropped down 19 The ink has faded with time and so parts of the letter were _. （ A） illegible （ B） indelible （ C） illegitimate （ D） inscrutable 20 The bishop preached a farewell sermon to a _ tha
13、t filled the church to overflowing. （ A） procession （ B） reunion （ C） rally （ D） congregation 二、 Cloze 20 Assuming that a constant travel-time budget, geographic constraints and short-term infrastructure constraints persist as fundamental features of global mobility, what long-term results can one e
14、xpect7 In high-income regions, 【 C1】 _ North America, our picture suggests that the share of traffic 【 C2】 _ sup plied by buses and automobiles will decline as high-speed transport rises sharply. In developing countries, we 【 C3】 _ the strongest increase to be in the shares first for buses and later
15、 for automobiles. Glob ally, these 【 C4】 _ in bus and automobile transport are partially offsetting. In all regions, the share of low-speed rail transport will probably continue its strongly 【 C5】 _ decline. We expect that throughout the period 19902050, the 【 C6】 _ North American will continue to d
16、e vote most of his or her 1. 1-hour travel-time 【 C7】 _ to automobile travel. The very large demand 【 C8】 _ air travel (or high-speed rail travel) that will be manifest in 2050 【 C9】 _ to only 12 minutes per person a day; a little time goes a long way in the air. In several developing regions, most
17、travel 【 C10】 _ in 2050 will still be devoted to nonmotorized modes. Buses will persist 【 C11】 _ the primary form of motorized transportation in developing countries for decades. 【 C12】 _ important air travel becomes, buses, automobiles and 【 C13】_ low-speed trains will surely go on serving vital fu
18、nctions. 【 C14】 _ of the super-rich al ready commute and shop in aircraft, but average people will continue to spend most of their travel time on the 【 C15】 _. 21 【 C1】 _ （ A） frankly （ B） exceptionally （ C） unfortunately （ D） notably 22 【 C2】 _ （ A） volume （ B） body （ C） measure （ D） funds 23 【 C3】
19、 _ （ A） admire （ B） assure （ C） assert （ D） anticipate 24 【 C4】 _ （ A） outcomes （ B） trends （ C） declines （ D） impacts 25 【 C5】 _ （ A） inherent （ B） evident （ C） large-scale （ D） hidden 26 【 C6】 _ （ A） general （ B） common （ C） local （ D） average 27 【 C7】 _ （ A） profit （ B） cost （ C） budget （ D） faci
20、lity 28 【 C8】 _ （ A） in （ B） of （ C） at （ D） for 29 【 C9】 _ （ A） works out （ B） leaves out （ C） runs out （ D） puts out 30 【 C10】 _ （ A） time （ B） desire （ C） agency （ D） means 31 【 C11】 _ （ A） to （ B） as （ C） with （ D） over 32 【 C12】 _ （ A） Despite the fact （ B） Whatever it is （ C） No matter how （ D
21、） whether or not 33 【 C13】 _ （ A） plus （ B） including （ C） even （ D） as well as 34 【 C14】 _ （ A） Few （ B） All （ C） None （ D） Some 35 【 C15】 _ （ A） mountain （ B） ground （ C） sky （ D） land 三、 Reading Comprehension 35 Can animals have a sense of humor? Sally Blanchard, publisher of a newsletter called
22、the Pet Bird Report, thinks a pet parrot may have pulled her leg. That s one explanation for the time her African gray parrot, named Bongo Marie, seemed to feign distress at the possible death of an Amazon parrot named Paco. It happened one day when Blanchard was making Cornish game hen for dinner.
23、As Blanchard lifted her knife, the African gray threw back its head and said, “Oh, no! Paco!“ Trying not to laugh, Blah chard said, “Thats not Paco,“ and showed Bongo Marie that the Amazon was alive and well. Mimicking a disappointed tone, Bongo Marie said, “Oh, no,“ and launched into a hoarse laugh
24、. Was the parrot joking when it seemed to believe the other bird was a goner? Did Bongo Marie comprehend Blanchards response? Studies of African grays have shown that they can understand the meaning of wordsfor example, that red refers to a color, not just a particular red object. Parrots also enjoy
25、 getting a reaction out of humans, and so, whether or not Bongo Maries crocodile tears were intentional, the episode was thoroughly satisfying from the parrots point of view. 36 When Blanchard was, making Cornish game hen for dinner, Bongo Marie acted as if paco was _. （ A） gone and couldnt eat the
26、meal （ B） dead and being cut for the meal （ C） deadly iii and discarded by the hostess （ D） away and should be back to join them 37 Why did Sally Blanchard believe Bongo Marie made a joke that day? （ A） It showed sadness and deceived her. （ B） It shed crocodile tears intentionally. （ C） It pretended
27、 to understand her words. （ D） It burst into laughter after a distressed tone. 38 In the last sentence, tile clause “the episode was . point of view“ suggests that Bongo Marie was _. （ A） quite content with its own performance （ B） believed to have a sense of humor （ C） trying to wing its hosts favo
28、r （ D） successful in getting a human response 38 Dont call him just a college professor. Internet entrepreneur, TV personality, adviser to presidents, and friend to the rich and powerful would be more accurate. Henry Louis “Skip“ Gates Jr. is better known for his activities outside the academy. This
29、 week be sold Africana. com, a website he created with a fellow Harvard University professor, to Time Warner. Terms of the deal werent revealed, though the Wall street Journal pegged the price at more than $10 million, with Gates reaping up to $1 million. Time warmer will incorporate the site, a por
30、tal with news and information about people of African descent, into America Online when the two merge as expected. The sense is that Gates got a very good deal. The site is a rich source of scholarship but hardly a rich source of revenue. As recently as the late 1980s Gates, who turns 50 this week,
31、was an obscure professor, penning books on literary theory only a graduate student could love. Now he cant be avoided: He hosted a series about Africa on public television, writes occasional articles for the New Yorker, and even advises the Gore presidential campaign. He counts director Steven Spiel
32、berg, Microsofts Bill Gates and President Clinton as friends. “Theyre not intimate friends,“ he insists. Indeed, Gates has evolved into a kind of expert on everything African-American. “He remains the go-to person on the state of African-American affairs,“ said Perry Steinberg, head of American Prog
33、ram Bureau, a lecture agency. The 30 or so speeches Gates delivers each year are another source of income for the professor. With fame comes controversy. Several other black intellectuals have taken him to task for not being confrontational enough. Gates has heard it before. “Me? Critics? Oh, what a
34、 shock.“ But he considers himself more a descendent of historian and educator W. E. B. Du Bois than of Malcolm X. His ultimate goal is to build the field of Afro-American studies. “Fifty years from now I want there to be at least 10 great centers of Afro-American studies,“ he says. If working as a c
35、onsultant on Spielbergs historical film Amistad or giving A1 Gore advice helps, so be it. 39 What can we learn about Africana. com? （ A） It may be financially mediocre to Time Warner. （ B） It is maintained by Gates for Time Warner. （ C） It becomes a sister website of America Online. （ D） It is meant
36、 for the U. S. general public. 40 What is true about Henry Louis “Skip“ Gates Jr.? （ A） He is barely qualified to teach in Harvard. （ B） He is an American of African descent. （ C） History and education are his minors. （ D） President Gore is among his friends. 41 In Paragraph 5, the phrase “have take
37、n him to task for“ most probably means _. （ A） have blamed him for a certain fault （ B） have made him pay for his mistake （ C） have had him do an assignment （ D） have trusted him with a certain job 42 From Gatess mention of W. E.B.Du Bois and Malcolm X we can infer that _. （ A） Gates is reluctant to
38、 take the latter as his ancestor （ B） Gates regards the former as more successful than the latter （ C） Gates remains a follower of tile former instead of the latter （ D） Gates claims to have a similar career to that of the former 43 According to Henry Louis “Skip“ Gates Jr. himself, giving advice to
39、 President Gore is _. （ A） out of some academic concern （ B） for some financial purposes （ C） in the interest of Afro-Americans （ D） of some political consequence 44 In this passage the author expresses a tone of _. （ A） admiration （ B） sarcasm （ C） objectivity （ D） disapproval 44 Forget football. A
40、t many high schools, the fiercest competition is between Coke and Pepsi over exclusive “pouring rights“ to sell on campus. But last week Jeffrey Durra, president of Coca-Cola Americas, called a timeout: Cokes machines will now also stock water, juice, and other healthful options even rival brands an
41、d their facades will feature school scenes and other “noncommercial graphics“ instead of Cokes vivid red logo. “the pendulum needs to swing back“ on school-based marketing, said Dunn. Cokes about-faceparticularly the call to end the exclusive deals that bottlers make with school districtscomes amid
42、rising concern over kids health. American children are growing ever more obese and developing weight-related diseases usually found in adults. While inactivity and huge helpings factor heavily, a recent study in the lancet fingered soda pop as a likely culprit. Communitiesand legislators-are already
43、 on the case. Last year, for instance, parents in Philadelphia detailed a proposed contract with Coca-Cola that would have netted the school system $43 million over 10 years. And in a searing report to congress last month, the U. S. Department of Agriculture recommended that all snacks sold in schoo
44、ls meet federal nutrition standards (the requirements are loose enough that Snickers bars qualify). Spare change? Activists hope Cokes capitulation will help curb commercialism in schools altogether. From ads on Channel One, which broadcasts current-affairs programs on classroom TVs, to middleschool
45、 math texts that cite Nike and other brand-name products in their word problems, to companysponsored scoreboards on football fields, American pupils are bombarded. But Andrew Hagelshaw, executive director of the Oakland, Calif.-based Center for Commercial-Free Public Education, views CocaColas polic
46、y shift as a “partial victory“. Schools sign contracts with local bottlers; the parent company can only urge them to back off. Moreover, Cokes machines will remain in place, although with healthier options. And dont expect teenagers to suddenly swear off the stuffor school districts to give up the r
47、evenue. At Wheeler High School in Marietta, Ga. , where students arrive before 7 a. m. and stay as late as 11 oclock at night, they rely owl the machines. And the $ 50,000 in annual vending revenues have enabled Principal Joe Boland to refinish the gym floor, install a new high-jump pit, and pay $7,
48、000 for two buses. “If someone made an offer to me to take the machines out, Id consider it,“ says Boland. “But nobodys offering me any money.“ 45 “Forget football“ in Paragraph 1 suggests that football has been _. （ A） the fiercest competition at high schools （ B） thought to have iii impact on students （ C） competing with commercials on campus （ D） brought into disrepute by Coke and Pepsi 46 Last week Jeffrey Dunn, president of Coca-Cola Americas, made an important decision to _. （ A） defend its red logo on a still larger scale （ B） agree to negotiate w
