1、国家公共英语一级（阅读理解）练习试卷 2及答案与解析 第三节 短文理解 2 阅读下列短文，从 A、 B、 C三个选项中选择一个正确答案。 0 Germs (细菌 ) Have you ever been ill? When there is illness, there can be no happiness. When you are ill, you are unhappy, for your body becomes hot, and there are pains all over your body. You dont want to work. You stay in bed, a
2、nd are very sad. What makes us ill? Germs are everywhere. They are very small. You cant see them with your eyes but you can see them with a microscope (显微镜 ). They are like the seeds of plants, but they are much smaller. They are very, very small and there could be hundreds of them on a very small t
3、hing. Germs arent found only in water. They are found in air and dust (灰尘 ), too. If you cut your finger, and if some of the dust from the floor goes into the cut, some of the germs will go into your finger. Your finger will become big and red, and you will have much pain in it. Sometimes the germs
4、can go all over your body, and you will have pain everywhere. 1 What does the first part of this text tell us? （ A） Illness makes you unhappy and sad. （ B） If you lie on bed, you must be ill. （ C） If you dont want to work, you must be ill. 2 Which of the following is true? （ A） If things are very sm
5、all and they cant be seen with your eyes, they must be germs. （ B） Germs are big enough to be seen with your eyes. （ C） Very small living things that may bring illness are called germs. 3 A microscope _. （ A） is called a pair of glasses （ B） can make very small things look much bigger （ C） can help
6、you are blind 4 Your patents wont let you drink dirty water because _. （ A） they think it will bring illness to you （ B） water cant be drunk （ C） you are ill and unhappy 5 Which of the following is not true? （ A） Germs can be found both in water and air. （ B） If your finger isnt cut, there arent any
7、 germs on it. （ C） Germs can go into your finger if your finger is cut. 5 Pollution (污染 ) Hundreds of years ago, life was much harder than it is today. People didnt have modern machines. There was no modem medicine, either. Life today has brought new problems. The biggest one is pollution. Water pol
8、lution has made our rivers and lakes dirty. It kills our fish and pollutes our drinking water. Noise pollution makes us talk louder and become angry more easily. Air pollution is the most serious kind of pollution. Thats bad to all living things in the world. Cars, planes and factories all pollute o
9、ur air every day. Sometimes the polluted air is so thick that it is like a quilt (被子 ) over a city. This kind of quilt is called smog (烟雾 ). Many countries are making rules to fight pollution. Factories must now clean their water before it is thrown sway. They mustnt blow dirty into the air. We need
10、 to do many other things. We can put waste things in the dustbin (垃圾箱 ) and not throw it on the ground. We can go to work by bus or with our friends in the same car. If there are fewer people driving, there will be less pollution. Rules are not enough. Every person must help to fight pollution. 6 Hu
11、ndreds of years ago, life was much harder than it is today because _. （ A） there were not any modem machines （ B） there was no modem medicine （ C） there were neither modem machines nor modem medicine 7 What is the biggest problem in todays life? （ A） Pollution. （ B） Air pollution. （ C） Nois 8 What i
12、s the most serious kind of pollution? （ A） Noise pollution. （ B） Air pollution. （ C） Water pollution. 9 Factories must clean their water _. （ A） before it is thrown away （ B） when it is thrown away （ C） after it is thrown away 10 What do we know from the passage? （ A） A few years ago there was no sm
13、og at all. （ B） We can drink water from the polluted rivers and lakes. （ C） People can make rules to fight against pollution. 国家公共英语一级（阅读理解）练习试卷 2答案与解析 第三节 短文理解 2 阅读下列短文，从 A、 B、 C三个选项中选择一个正确答案。 【知识模块】 阅读理解 1 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 第一段第二句话就明确指出： When there is illness， there can be no happiness. 随后的几句话进一步详细陈
14、述疾病会使人不快乐。所以正确答案是A。选项 B、 C的因果关系都倒置了，应该是人病了以后，有可能要躺在床上，不想工作。 B、 C是错误的。 【知识模块】 阅读理解 2 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 文章第三段第三句话指出： You cant see them with your eyes.所以选项 B是错误的。选项 A指出凡是小得肉眼看不见的东西就是细菌。这个定义给得过于宽泛，没有点出细菌的特性。选项 C给细菌下的定义是会造成疾病的微小生物，这个定义准确地概括了文章内容。所以正确答案是 C。正确地回答这道题，需要一定的概括总结能力。 【知识模块】 阅读理解 3 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】
15、 文章中并没有解释显微镜的特点、功能。只有一句话提到： You cant see them with your eyes but you can see them with a microscope。细菌很小，人的肉眼看不见，却可以借助于显微镜看到它们。那显微镜一定能使小的东西看起来大得多。这道题的正确答案是 B。选项 A说显微镜可以被叫做 眼镜，我们可以依据常识判断这是错误的。选项 c说显微镜可以帮助盲人，显然不符合文章内容，也不符合我们的常识。 【知识模块】 阅读理解 4 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 文章第四段最后一句指出： Your father and mother will no
16、t let you drink dirty water, for it will make you ill. 脏水里面有许多细菌，细菌会使人生病，所以不能喝脏水。正确答案是 A。 【知识模块】 阅读理解 5 【正确答案】 B 【试 题解析】 文章最后一段第一句话指出： Germs arent found only in water. They are found in air and dust. 所以选项 A的陈述是正确的，即水和空气中都可找到细菌。选项 C：如果你的手指破了，细菌可能会进人手指，符合最后一段中提到的细节。这个选项也是正确的。选项 B：如果你的手指不破，就没有细菌附着在手指上是
17、错误的。错在介词 “on”上。根据文章内容，介词 “on”应该改为 “in”。手指不破，细菌就不会进入手指。既然空气中、水中都会有细菌，人的手指一定会接触空 气和水。 【知识模块】 阅读理解 【知识模块】 阅读理解 6 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 文章第一句就指出几百年前，生活要比今天难得多。紧随其后的是： People didnt have modem machines. There was no modem medicine, either. 这两句话应该是过去艰难生活的原因，所以选 C。 【知识模块】 阅读理解 7 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 文章第二段开头指出： Life to
18、day has brought new problems. The biggest one is pollution. 人们现在面对的最大问题是污染。选项 B、选项 C都是选项 A的子集。选其中任何一个都是不全面的。 【知识模块】 阅读理解 8 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 关联句是第二段的 Air pollution is the most serious kind of pollution. Thats bad to all living things in the world. 空气污染是一种最严重的污染，因为它对全世界的生 物都造成危害。 【知识模块】 阅读理解 9 【正确答案】 A
19、 【试题解析】 关联句是第三段的： Factories must now clean their water before it is thrown away. 在污水被排放之前，工厂就应对其净化。 【知识模块】 阅读理解 10 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 选项 A指出一些年前，根本不存在烟雾。这个选项错在时间状语。如果说几百年前，烟雾这种污染现象不存在，就肯定是对的。因为通过阅读文章，我们知道污染是现代社会的新问题 。对于选项 B，我们通过常识就可以判断它不正确，而且也不符合文章主题。文章讲述了污染形式、危害，倡导我们向污染宣战，不可能让人们去喝污染过的河水、湖水。文章第四段第一句是： Many countries are making rules to fight pollution. 后面具体提到一些规定。所以选项 C是正确的。制度规定是对付污染的一种办法，但仅 【知识模块】 阅读理解
