1、国家公共英语（五级）笔试模拟试卷 71及答案与解析 Part A Directions: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer Questions 1-10 by circling TRUE or FALSE. You will hear the talk ONLY ONCE. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 1-10. 1 Though Paul is disabled, he managed to move in the house. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 2 Mr. M
2、iller enjoys doing things with his own hands. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 3 The front door to his home does not open automatically. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 4 Mr. Miller bought his house simply because the flat he used to live in was too expensive. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 5 Government buildings often have spec
3、ial paths for those handicapped. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 6 Paul could reach all the switches because they were originally installed at the right height of him. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 7 Do-it-yourself has become one of Mr. Millers hobbies. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 8 Mr. Miller had known a lot about carpent
4、ry and electric before he was engaged in do-it-yourself. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 9 Mr. Miller did changes on the house for fun. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 10 Mr. Miller will buy a new house with the money he has won. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong Part B Directions: You will hear 3 conversations or talks and you mu
5、st answer the questions by choosing A, B, C or D. You will hear the recording ONLY ONCE. 11 What does the man do? （ A） A taxi-driver. （ B） A bus driver. （ C） A policeman. （ D） A tourist guide. 12 What does he like about his job? （ A） Money. （ B） Freedom. （ C） Knowing different people. （ D） Traveling
6、 a lot. 13 People who visit London will certainly go to （ A） the Tower of London. （ B） Harrods. （ C） Buckingham Palace. （ D） The Greenwich village. 14 According to the talk, what is the price system primarily related to? （ A） Labor and education. （ B） Transportation and insurance. （ C） Utilities and
7、 repairs. （ D） Products and services. 15 Which of the following is NOT a factor in the complete understanding of price? （ A） Instructions of a product. （ B） The quantity of a product. （ C） The quality of a product. （ D） Warranties that cover a product. 16 Whats the best title for this talk? （ A） The
8、 weakness of the price system. （ B） The complexities of the price system. （ C） Credit terms in business. （ D） Policies of protecting the consumers rights. 17 What does the speaker mainly discuss? （ A） The distribution of different species of amphibians. （ B） Possible reasons for reduction in the num
9、ber of amphibians. （ C） The effects of environmental change on the fish industry. （ D） Guidelines for the responsible use of pesticides. 18 According to the speaker, how do developers contribute to the reduction of amphibian population? （ A） By taking over ponds. （ B） By constructing sewers. （ C） By
10、 building dams on rivers. （ D） By flooding marshes. 19 According to the speaker, how do some pesticides get into ponds? （ A） They are applied to aquatic weeds by fish fanning. （ B） Amphibians release them from their skin. （ C） Irresponsible dispose of them in ponds. （ D） They are washed into ponds b
11、y the rain. 20 According to the speaker, why do pesticides pose a threat to amphibians? （ A） Pesticides can cause an amphibians skin to dry out. （ B） Pesticides kill the insects that amphibians depend on for food. （ C） Dissolved pesticides can easily enter amphibians bodies. （ D） Amphibians may eat
12、plants that have been treated with pesticides. Part C Directions: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer the questions or complete the notes in your test booklet for Questions 21-30 by writing NOT MORE THAN THREE words in the space provided on the right. You will hear the talk TWICE. You now ha
13、ve 1 minute to read Questions 21-30. 21 How many planets are there in the solar system revolving around the sun? 22 Which planet do people think is the most important one? 23 From which field of science do we learn a lot about the planets? 24 How long have astronomers studied the planets and other o
14、bjects in space? 25 What kind of new technology helped us a lot to study the planets? 26 Which planet is the closest planet to the sun? Mercury, Mars, Venus or Jupiter? 27 How long does it take Mercury to complete its orbit around the sun? 28 How long does it take the Earth to rotate on its own axis
15、 once? 29 Which planet is the easiest for people to see in the sky? Earth, Mercury, Venus or Jupiter? 30 Which is the largest one of all the planets? 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text and fill each of the numbered spaces with ONE suitable word. Write your
16、answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 31 You may say that the business of marking books is going to slow down your reading. (31) probably will. Thats one of the (32) for doing it. Most of us have been taken in by the notion that speed of (33) is a measure of our intelligence. There is (34) such thing as the ri
17、ght (35) for intelligent reading. Some things should be (36) quickly and effortlessly, and some should be read (37) and even laboriously. The sign of intelligence (38) reading is the ability to read (39) thing differently according to their worth. In the (40) of good books, the point is not to see h
18、ow many of them you can get through, (41) how many can you get through how many you can (42) your own. A few friends are (43) than a thousand acquaintances. If this be your goal, (44) it should be, you will not be impatient if it takes more time and effort to read a great book than it (45) a newspap
19、er. You may have another objection to (46) books. You cant lend them to your friends (47) nobody else can read them (48) being distracted by your notes. Whats more, you wont want to lend them because a (49) copy is a kind of intellectual diary, and (50) it is almost like giving your mind away. If yo
20、ur friend hopes to read your “Shakespeare“, or “The Federalist Papers“, tell him, gently but firmly, to buy a copy. You will lend him your car or your coat but your books are as much a part of you as your head or your heart. Part A Directions: Read the following texts and answer the questions which
21、accompany them by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 51 Statistically, each of these new changes in law-enforcement has made some difference to the picture. Yet it seems probably that the factors that have really brought the crime rates down have little to do with policemen
22、or politicians, and more to do with cycles that are beyond their control. The first of these is demographic. The fall in the crime rate has coincided with fall in the number of young men between the ages of 15 and 21, the peak age for criminal activity in any society, including America. In the same
23、way, the rise in the crime rate that started in the early 1960s coincided with the teenage years of the baby-boomers. As the boomer generation matured, married, found jobs and shoulder mortgages, so the crime rate fell. This encouraging trend was quickly overshadowed, starting in the mid-1980s, by a
24、 new swarm of teenagers caught up in a new sort of depravity: the craze for crack cocaine. Crack brought with it much higher levels of violence and, in particular, soaring rates of handgun murders by people less than 25 years old. Yet the terror became too much, and the young began to leave crack al
25、one. Within a few years, at least in most big cities, the drug market had stabilized and settled, even moving indoors; the tuff-wars were over, and crack itself had become passe. Studies of Brooklyn by Richard Curtis, of the John Jay College of Criminal Justice, show the clear connection; around 199
26、2, many young bloods decided to drop the dangerous life of the street in favor of steady jobs. In direct consequence, the local crime rate fell. Murder rates among Americans older than 25 had already been declining since 1980. Here, according to Alfred Blumstein, a professor of criminology at Carneg
27、ie-Mellon University, there may be even longer term social factors involved. In an age of easy divorce and more casual relationships, men and women are less likely to murder their partners: between 1976 and 1996, such murders fell by 40%. The decline in alcohol consumption, too, means that fewer bar
28、-room brawls leave a litter of corpses on a Friday night. It seems that changing social trends also sometimes lie behind the fall in property crime. Burglars tend not to steal television sets now because almost everyone has one; their value on the street has plummeted, At the same time, the fact tha
29、t people stay in watching their sets, rather than going out, deters would-be burglars. Extra garages are standard in the suburbs, to safeguard extra cars; credit cards mean that shoppers carry less cash in their pockets; people working from home, by means of computers, can keep a closer watch over t
30、heir streets. Lastly, people are going to greater lengths to protect themselves and their property than they did in the past. This is partly because of the huge fear of crime that preceded the present decline, and partly because even with recent increases in the number of policemen the ratio of poli
31、ce to violent crimes reported is still way below what it was in the 1960s. 51 This passage mainly concerns about _. （ A） the factors influencing the crime rate. （ B） the demographic causing the fall of crime rate. （ C） murder rate becoming lower. （ D） the effort of people to fight against crime. 52
32、In early 1970s the crime rate was _. （ A） the same as that in early 1960s. （ B） lower than that in early 1960s. （ C） higher than that in mid-1980s. （ D） the same as that in mid-1980s. 53 Murder rate among Americans older than 25 declined because _. （ A） they married and found jobs. （ B） they had to
33、shoulder mortgage. （ C） they were in an age of easy divorce. （ D） they made great effort to protect themselves. 54 The word plummet in the 2nd line of the 5th paragraph means _. （ A） drop. （ B） disappear. （ C） enhance. （ D） stabilize. 55 Why do people make greater efforts to protect themselves? （ A）
34、 Because they fear the crime preceding the present decline. （ B） Because the policeman has become fewer. （ C） Because they were taught to do so. （ D） Because their extra garage are standard in the suburb. 56 Throughout history there have been many unusual taxes levied on such things as hats, beds, b
35、aths, marriages, and funerals. At one time England levied a tax on sunlight by collection from every household with six or more windows. And according to legend, there was a Turkish ruler who collected a tax each time he dined with one of his subjects. Why? To pay for the wear and tear on his teeth!
36、 Different kinds of taxes help to spread the tax burden. Anyone who pays a tax is said to “bear the burden“ of the tax. The burden of a tax may fall more heavily on some persons than on others. That is why the three levels of government in this country use several kinds of taxes. This spreads the bu
37、rden of taxes among more people. From the standpoint of their use, the most important taxes are income taxes, property taxes, sales taxes, and estate, inheritance, and gift taxes. Some are used by only one level of government; others by or even all three levels. Together these different taxes make u
38、p what is called our tax system. Income taxes are the main source of federal revenues. The federal government gets more than three-fourths of its revenue from income taxes. As its name indicated, an income tax is a tax on earnings. Both individuals and business corporations pay a federal income tax.
39、 The oldest tax in the United States today is the property tax. It provides most of the income for local governments. It provides at least a part of the income for all but a few states. It is not used by the federal government. A sales tax is a tax levied on purchases. Most people living in the Unit
40、ed States know about sales taxes since they are used in all but four states. Actually there are several kinds of sales taxes, but only three of them are important. They are general sales taxes, excise taxes, and import taxes. Other three closely related taxes are estate, inheritance, and gift taxes.
41、 Everything a person owns, including both real and personal property, makes up his or her estate. When someone dies, ownership of his or her property or estate passes on to one or more individuals or organizations. Before the property is transferred, however, it is subject to an estate tax if its va
42、lue exceeds a certain amount. 56 The reason that the Turkish ruler collected a dining tax is to pay for _. （ A） the inconvenience for him to put on and take off clothes. （ B） the damage that eating did to his teeth. （ C） his efforts to cut the food into pieces. （ D） the decay of his teeth because of
43、 sugar. 57 The government levies different kinds of taxes so that _. （ A） the rich have to pay more and the poor less. （ B） a wider range of taxpayers can be included. （ C） each of three levels of government could get tax money. （ D） the burden of taxes falls evenly on everybody. 58 The federal gove
44、rnment get most of their income from _. （ A） property tax. （ B） income tax. （ C） sales tax. （ D） estate tax. 59 How many states levy import taxes in the U.S.A.? （ A） 4. （ B） 50. （ C） 46. （ D） 54. 60 Which of the following statements is NOT true? （ A） Any form of property is subject to an estate tax
45、when transferred. （ B） Property tax provides a part of income for local government. （ C） There are a few kinds of sales taxes. （ D） Individuals and corporations both pay income taxes. 61 The idea of a fish being able to produce electricity strong enough to light lamp bulbs or even to run a small ele
46、ctric motor is almost unbelievable, but several kinds of fish are able to do this. Even more strangely, this curious power has been acquired in different ways by fish belonging to very different families. Perhaps the most known are the electric rays, or torpedoes, of which several kinds live in warm
47、 seas. They possess on each side of the head, behind the eyes, a large organ consisting of a number of hexagonal-shaped cells rather like a honeycomb. The cells are filled with a jelly-like substance, and contain a series of flat electric plates. One side, the negative side, of each plate, is suppli
48、ed with very fine nerves, connected with a main nerve coming form a special part of the brain. Current gets through from the upper, positive side of the organ downward to the negative, lower side. Generally it is necessary to touch the fish in two places, completing the circuit, in order to receive
49、a shock. The strength of this shock depends on the size of fish, but newly-born ones only about 5 centimeters across can be made to light the bulb of a pocket flashlight for a few moments, while a fully grown torpedo gives a shock capable of knocking a man down, and, if suitable wires are connected, will operate a small electric motor for several minutes. Another famous example is the electric eel. This fish gives an even more powerful shock. The system is different from that of the torpedo in that the electric plates run longitudinally
