1、国家公共英语（四级）笔试模拟试卷 168及答案与解析 PART A Directions: For Questions 1-5, you will hear a conversation. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twi
2、ce. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. 1 PART B Directions: For Questions 6-10, you will hear a passage. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and the questions below. 6 PART C Directions: You will he
3、ar three dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each one, you will have 5 seconds to read each of the questions which accompany it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have 10 seconds to check your answer to each question. You will hear eac
4、h piece ONLY ONCE. 11 Why did the woman open the door when someone knocked at it? （ A） Because she knew the two men. （ B） Because she thought it was her husband. （ C） Because she was waiting for them. （ D） Because she was afraid of them. 12 Which of the following is NOT among the things taken by the
5、 robbers? （ A） A camera. （ B） A wallet with $ 200 in it. （ C） A watch. （ D） Some jewelry. 13 Why didnt the woman report soon after the robbers ran off? （ A） Because she fainted. （ B） Because she was too scared. （ C） Because her husband didnt allow her to. （ D） Because she was bound and gagged. 14 Wh
6、y do many people criticize TV programs in the U. S. ? （ A） There are not enough programs to entertain. （ B） There are not enough programs to show the life of ordinary people. （ C） There are too many programs to educate. （ D） There are not enough serious programs. 15 According to the speaker, who sho
7、uld be responsible for the lack of serious programs on TV? （ A） Businessman. （ B） TV set owner. （ C） TV station owner. （ D） The commercial TV system. 16 Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a kind of serious programs? （ A） Programs of science. （ B） Programs of medicine. （ C） Programs of art. （
8、 D） Programs of history. 17 Why did Jane want to go back to work? （ A） Because she was bored with her husband. （ B） Because she would like to help with the family s finances. （ C） Because she was offered a good job. （ D） Because she was bored with her children. 18 How did Jane spend her days before
9、she went back to work? （ A） Watching TV. （ B） Taking good care of her husband. （ C） Doing housework. （ D） Reading newspaper. 19 Between whom did the problem arise when Jane went back to work? （ A） Jane and the children. （ B） Jane and Bill. （ C） Bill and the children. （ D） Jane and the neighbour. 20
10、What does the story try to tell us? （ A） Parents should take good care of their children. （ B） Man and wife should share household duties. （ C） Women should never have their own careers. （ D） Women should do all the housework. 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following
11、text. Choose the best word for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. 20 Comparisons were drawn between the development of television in the 20th century and the diffusion of printing in the 15th and 16th centuries. Yet much has happened【 21】 . As was discussed before , it was
12、not【 22】 the 19th century that the newspaper became the dominant pre-electronic【 23】 , following in the wake of the pamphlet and the book and in the【 24】 of the periodical. It was during the same time that the communications revolution【 25】 up, beginning with transport, the railways and leading【 26】
13、 through the telegraph, the telephone, radio and motion pictures【 27】 the 20th century world of the motor car and the airplane. Not everyone sees that process in【 28】 . It is important to do so. It is generally recognized, 【 29】 , that the introduction of the computer in the early 20th century, 【 30
14、】 by the invention of the integrated circuit during the 1960s, radically changed the process, 【 31】 its impact on the media was not immediately【 32】 . As time went by, computers became smaller and more powerful, and they became personal too, as well as【 33】 , with display becoming sharper and storag
15、e【 34】 increasing. They were thought of, like people,【 35】 generations, with the distance between generations much【 36】 . It was within the computer age that the term information society began to be widely used to describe the【 37】 within which we now live. The communications revolution has【 38】 bot
16、h work and leisure and how we think and feel both about place and time, but there have been【 39】 views about its economic, political, social and cultural implications. Benefits have been weighed【 40】 harmful outcomes. And generalizations have proved difficult. （ A） between （ B） before （ C） since （ D
17、） later （ A） after （ B） by （ C） during （ D） until （ A） means （ B） method （ C） medium （ D） measure （ A） process （ B） company （ C） light （ D） form （ A） gathered （ B） speeded （ C） worked （ D） picked （ A） on （ B） out （ C） over （ D） off （ A） of （ B） for （ C） beyond （ D） into （ A） concept （ B） dimension （
18、 C） effect （ D） perspective （ A） indeed （ B） hence （ C） however （ D） therefore （ A） brought （ B） followed （ C） stimulated （ D） characterized （ A） unless （ B） since （ C） lest （ D） although （ A） apparent （ B） desirable （ C） negative （ D） plausible （ A） institutional （ B） universal （ C） fundamental （ D
19、） instrumental （ A） ability （ B） capability （ C） capacity （ D） faculty （ A） by means of （ B） in terms of （ C） with regard to （ D） in line with （ A） deeper （ B） fewer （ C） nearer （ D） smaller （ A） context （ B） range （ C） scope （ D） territory （ A） regarded （ B） impressed （ C） influenced （ D） effected
20、（ A） competitive （ B） controversial （ C） distracting （ D） irrational （ A） above （ B） upon （ C） against （ D） with Part B Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D . Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 40 The core of Greece s troubles is
21、too much spending, too little tax-collecting and book-cooking. Spain and Ireland are in trouble even if the percentage of their public debt in gross domestic product is much smaller than that of Germany. Italy, also in the financial markets crosshairs, has high public debt but a lower deficit than t
22、he eurozone s average. The root of these countries problems is that their prices and wages have risen much faster than those of other eurozone members. There are two ways to mitigate the pain. First, to adopt temporarily more expansionary fiscal policies for a while. Or, more powerfully, the wider e
23、uro area could adopt more expansionary monetary policies for several years. As to the second option, the “inflation fundamentalists“ will have none of it. This elite consisting of central bankers, top economic officials, politicians, academics and journalists insists that it is unacceptable to allow
24、 inflation to climb above two percent. Hyper-inflation in Germany in the 1930s and stagflation in industrial countries in the 1970s and 1980s support their view. It s true that moderate inflation can creep up to become high inflation. But inflation fundamentalism can also hurt. There is little if an
25、y empirical evidence that moderate inflation hurts growth. In most countries, cutting actual wages is politically difficult if not impossible. But, to regain competitiveness and balance the books, real wage adjustments are sometimes inevitable. A slightly higher level of inflation allows for this pa
26、inful adjustment with a lower level of political conflict. On the other hand, ultra-low inflation, in a recession, can easily become deflation. Falling prices encourage people to defer spending, which makes things worse and erodes tax payments, impairing a government s ability to pay debt. That in t
27、urn increases the debt s size and costs. In addition, a single-minded focus on inflation makes it easy for policymakers to lose sight of the broader picture-asset prices, growth and employment. Policy can become too tight or too loose as in the run-up to the crisis in the U. S. when low inflation wa
28、s seen as a comforting sign that things were in order. In a recession, ultra-low inflation also reduces the effectiveness of monetary policy since interest rates cannot go below zero. The crisis in the euro area highlights the need for a more open-minded discussion of the merits and costs of ultra-l
29、ow inflation. 41 In the author s opinion, the second way to mitigate the pain is_. （ A） cutting the spending （ B） controlling inflation within two percent （ C） ultra-low inflation （ D） moderate inflation 42 Which of the following inflation might be accepted by the author? （ A） 2%. （ B） 1%. （ C） 4%.
30、（ D） 8%. 43 We can learn from the fourth paragraph that_. （ A） moderate inflation hurts growth （ B） it is unnecessary to cut actual wages （ C） the author opposes moderate inflation （ D） the author opposes inflation fundamentalism 44 The word “books“ (line 5, paragraph 4)means_. （ A） tickets （ B） acc
31、ounts （ C） works （ D） stamps 45 What is the text mainly about? （ A） The core of Greece s trouble. （ B） Two ways to solve the problems of Greece, Spain, Ireland and Italy. （ C） The merits of inflation fundamentalism. （ D） The shortcomings of inflation fundamentalism. 45 Slavery has played a significa
32、nt role in the history of the U. S. It existed in all the English mainland colonies and most of the Founding Fathers also had slaves, as did eight of the first 12 presidents. Dutch traders brought 20 Africans to Jamestown, Virginia, as early as 1619, however, throughout the 17 th century the number
33、of Africans in the English mainland colonies grew very slowly. At that time, colonists used two other sources of unfree labor: Native American slaves and European indentured servants. During those years, every colony had some Native American slaves, but their number was limited. Indian men avoided p
34、erforming agricultural labor, because they viewed it as women s work, and colonists complained that they were too “haughty“. The more important was that the settlers found it more convenient to sell Native Americans captured in war to planters in the Caribbean than to turn them into slaves, because
35、they often resisted and it was not hard for the slaves to escape. Later, the policy of killing Indians or driving them away from white settlements was proposed and it contradicted with their widespread employment as slaves. The other form of labor was the white indentured servitude. Most indentured
36、servants consisted of poor Europeans. Desiring to escape tough conditions in Europe and take advantage of fabled opportunities in America, they traded three to seven years of their labor in exchange for the transatlantic passage. At first, it was mainly English who were the white indentured servitud
37、e but later increasingly Irish, Welsh, and German joined. They were essentially temporary slaves and most of them served as agricultural workers although some, especially in the North, were taught skilled trades. During the 17th century, they performed most of heavy labor in the Southern colonies an
38、d also consisted of the bulk of immigrants to those colonies. At the end of the 17 th century, in order to meet the labor need, landowners in America turned to African slaves. During the late 17th and 18th centuries, thanks to the dominant position of England in terms of naval superiority, English t
39、raders (some of whom lived in English America) transported millions of Africans across the Atlantic. And the transatlantic slave trade produced one of the largest forced migrations in history, blacks (the great majority of whom were slaves) increasing from about 7 percent of the American population
40、in 1680 to more than 40 percent by the middle of the 18th century. 46 Which of the following was true of the slavery in America? （ A） The colonists sold African Americans to planters in the Caribbean. （ B） Native American slaves performed agricultural labor. （ C） During the 17th century, the white i
41、ndentured servitude was the main labor in the Southern colonies. （ D） It was at the end of the 17th century that African people began to be brought to America. 47 We can infer from the sentence“ Later, the policy of killing Indians or . contradicted with their widespread employment as slaves“ that_.
42、 （ A） many Indians were killed by White settlers （ B） many Indians were drove away from white settlements （ C） the Indians were slaves in a wide-spread way （ D） white settlers must have to find other source of labor 48 In the third paragraph, the author mainly argues that_. （ A） the number of Native
43、 American slaves was very small （ B） the colonists thought that the Native American slaves were very haughty （ C） the Native American slaves had been treated cruelly （ D） the Native American slaves always resisted 49 Which of the following wasnt the opinion of the colonists towards the Native Americ
44、an slaves? （ A） The Native American slaves were very haughty. （ B） The Native American slaves were very lazy. （ C） The Native American slaves were hard to control. （ D） The Native American slaves always found ways to escape. 50 The relation between the second paragraph and the next following two par
45、agraphs is that in the next following two paragraphs the author_. （ A） further elaborates the issue discussed in the second paragraph （ B） modifies the point of view in the second paragraph （ C） changes the view expressed in the second paragraph （ D） offers the reason to support the viewpoint in the
46、 second paragraph 50 U. S. health officials are increasing surveillance measures at doctors offices and international borders to guard against the spread of swine flu. Washington also has begun dispersing medicine from a federal stockpile. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention says there ha
47、ve been only mild cases of swine flu in the United States, but experts remain on guard. Acting agency director, Richard Besser, says the epidemic in Mexico prompted U. S. doctors to begin monitoring actively for possible infections. “ We are asking doctors when they see someone who has flu-like illn
48、ess who has traveled to an affected region, to do a culture, take a swab in the nose and send it to the lab so we can see: is it influenza, is it this type?“ he said. Speaking Sunday at the White House, Besser said the extra detection efforts have enabled officials to find more infections than under
49、 normal circumstances. He also says he expects the number of infections will rise and the illness will spread to other U. S. regions, as doctors continue to monitor the problem. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention says it does not recommend people travel to Mexico, where the outbreak of swine flu is centered and more than 100 deaths have been reported. But officials have not ordered a travel ban to the country. Homeland Security Secretary Janet Napolitano says, instead, airlines have the option of screening passenger
