1、国家公共英语（四级）笔试模拟试卷 241及答案与解析 PART A Directions: For Questions 1-5, you will hear a conversation. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twi
2、ce. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. 1 PART B Directions: For Questions 6-10, you will hear a passage. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and the questions below. 6 PART C Directions: You will he
3、ar three dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each one, you will have 5 seconds to read each of the questions which accompany it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have 10 seconds to check your answer to each question. You will hear eac
4、h piece ONLY ONCE. 11 At least, how many years will people who are overweight at 40 lose? _ （ A） One year. （ B） Two years. （ C） Three years. （ D） Four years. 12 According to Dr. Serge Jabbour, what message does the study carry? _ （ A） People have to work early on their weight. （ B） Overweight people
5、 have shorter life expectancies. （ C） Smoking is damaging to life expectancy. （ D） If people are overweight by their mid-30s to mid-40s, if they lose some weight later on, they will carry a lower risk of dying. 13 The researchers said “. which shows another potentially preventable public health disa
6、ster.“ What does “another potentially preventable public health disaster“ here refer to? _ （ A） Smoking. （ B） Obesity in young adults. （ C） Drinking. （ D） Obesity in elderly adults. 14 How long did Emily Dickinson live in the house where she was born? _ （ A） Almost all her life. （ B） Less than half
7、her life. （ C） Until 1830. （ D） Before 1872. 15 Which of the following is true of Emily Dickinson? _ （ A） She was not a productive poet. （ B） She saw many of her poems published. （ C） She was not a sociable person. （ D） She had contact only with a few poets. 16 When was Emily Dickinson widely recogn
8、ized? _ （ A） after Henry James referred highly to her. （ B） after seven of her poems were punlished. （ C） after her poems became known to others. （ D） after she was dead for many years. 17 When was the World Bank officially founded? （ A） In 1944. （ B） In 1946. （ C） In 1949. （ D） In2000. 18 The World
9、 Bank dreams of a world without （ A） inequality （ B） poverty （ C） oppression （ D） conflicts 19 What do we know about the World Bank member countries? （ A） They have equal say. （ B） They decide on the banks work. （ C） They are the board members. （ D） They are its shareholders. 20 How many leading con
10、tributors does the World Bank have? （ A） 24. （ B） 19. （ C） 5. （ D） 3 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. 20 It is often observed that the aged spend much time thinking and
11、 talking about their past lives, 21 about the future. These reminiscences are not simply random or trivial memories, 22 is their purpose merely to make conversation. The old persons recollections of the past help to 23 an identity that is becoming increasingly fragile: 24 any role that brings respec
12、t or any goal that might provide 25 to the future, the individual mentions their past as a reminder to listeners, that here was a life 26 living. 27 , the memories form part of a continuing life 28 , in which the old person 29 the events and experiences of the years gone by and 30 on the overall mea
13、ning of his or her own almost completed life. As the life cycle 31 to its close, the aged must also learn to accept the reality of their own impending (即将发生的 ) death. 32 this task is made difficult by the fact that death is almost a 33 subject in the United States. The mere discussion of death is of
14、ten regarded as 34 . As adults many of us find the topic frightening and are 35 to think about it and certainly not to talk about it 36 the presence of someone who is dying. Death has achieved this taboo 37 only in the modern industrial societies. There seems to be an important reason for our reluct
15、ance to 38 the idea of death. It is the very fact that death remains 39 our control; it is almost the only one of the natural processes 40 is so. （ A） better than （ B） rather than （ C） less than （ D） other than （ A） so （ B） even （ C） nor （ D） hardly （ A） preserve （ B） conserve （ C） resume （ D） assum
16、e （ A） performing （ B） playing （ C） undertaking （ D） lacking （ A） orientation （ B） implication （ C） succession （ D） presentation （ A） worthy （ B） worth （ C） worthless （ D） worthwhile （ A） In a word （ B） In brief （ C） In addition （ D） In particular （ A） prospect （ B） impetus （ C） impression （ D） revi
17、ew （ A） integrates （ B） incorporates （ C） includes （ D） interacts （ A） reckons （ B） counts （ C） reflects （ D） conceive （ A） keeps （ B） draws （ C） inclines （ D） tends （ A） Therefore （ B） And （ C） Yet （ D） Otherwise （ A） taboo （ B） dispute （ C） contempt （ D） neglect （ A） notorious （ B） indecent （ C） o
18、bscure （ D） desperate （ A） ready （ B） willing （ C） liable （ D） reluctant （ A） at （ B） on （ C） with （ D） in （ A） status （ B） circumstance （ C） environment （ D） priority （ A） encounter （ B） confront （ C） tolerate （ D） expose （ A） under （ B） above （ C） beyond （ D） within （ A） which （ B） what （ C） as （
19、D） that Part B Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D . Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 40 If you intend using humor in your talk to make people smile, you must know how to identify shared experiences and problems. Your humor mus
20、t be relevant to the audience and should help to show them that you are one of them or that you understand their situation and are in sympathy with their point of view. Depending on whom you are addressing, the problems will be different. If you are talking to a group of managers, you may refer to t
21、he disorganized methods of their secretaries; alternatively if you are addressing secretaries, you may want to comment on their disorganized bosses. Here is an example, which I heard at a nurses convention, of a story which works well because the audience all shared the same view of doctors. A man a
22、rrives in heaven and is being shown around by St. Peter. He sees wonderful accommodations, beautiful gardens, sunny weather, and so on. Everyone is very peaceful, polite and friendly until, waiting in a line for lunch, the new arrival is suddenly pushed aside by a man in a white coat, who rushes to
23、the head of the line, grabs his food and stomps over to a table himself. “Who is that?“ the new arrival asked St. Peter. “Oh, thats God,“ came the reply, “but sometimes he thinks hes a doctor.“ If you are part of the group which you are addressing, you will be in a position to know the experiences a
24、nd problems which are common to all of you and itll be appropriate for you to make a passing remark about the inedible canteen food or the chairmans notorious bad taste in ties. With other audiences you mustnt attempt to cut in with humor as they will resent an outsider making disparaging remarks ab
25、out their canteen of their chairman. You will be on safer ground if you stick to scapegoats like the Post Office or the telephone system. If you feel awkward being humorous, you must practice so that it becomes more natural. Include a few casual and apparently off-the-cuff remarks which you can deli
26、ver in a relaxed and unforced manner. Often its the delivery which causes the audience to smile, so speak slowly and remember that a raised eyebrow or an unbelieving look may help to show that you are making a light hearted remark. Look for the humor. It often comes from the unexpected. A twist on a
27、 familiar quote “If at first you dont succeed, give up“ or a play on words or on a situation. Search for exaggeration and understatements. Look at your talk and pick out a few words or sentences which you can turn about and inject with humor. 41 To make your humor work, you should_. （ A） take advant
28、age of different kinds of audience （ B） make fun of the disorganized people （ C） address different problems to different people （ D） show sympathy for your listeners 42 The joke about doctors implies that, in the eyes of nurses, they are_. （ A） impolite to new arrivals （ B） very conscious of their g
29、odlike role （ C） entitled to some privileges （ D） very busy even during lunch hours 43 It can be inferred from the text that public service_. （ A） have benefited many people （ B） are the focus of public attention （ C） are an inappropriate subject for humor （ D） have often been the laughing stock 44
30、To achieve the desired result, humorous stones should be delivered_. （ A） in well-worded language （ B） as awkwardly as possible （ C） in exaggerated statements （ D） as casually as possible 45 The best title for the text may be_. （ A） Use Humor Effectively （ B） Various Kinds of Humor （ C） Add Humor to
31、 Speech （ D） Different Humor Strategies 45 The initial impact of computers was in the area of entertainment. If you walked by a video arcade in the early 1980s, you could not have failed to notice that the use of video games was growing at what some considered an alarming rate. In 1981 the movie ind
32、ustry grossed $ 3 billion, video games took in an estimated $ 6 billion. That gives you some idea of just how big the computer industry had become. Video games employ the same technology as personal computers, and indeed many who bought personal computers did so primarily for playing games at home,
33、thus saving their quarters. Though video games are not as popular as they were a few years ago, they did provide consumers with their first real reason to buy PCs. A more recent computer innovation, desktop publishing, supplies one good reason for those who write for a living to buy a PC. Desktop pu
34、blishing is a deceptively simple description for an extremely complex group of hardware and software tools. You can now write text, edit text, draw illustrations, incorporate photographs, design page layouts, and print a finished document with a relatively inexpensive computer and laser printer. Alt
35、hough the new technology offers new freedom, there is a price to be paid for this freedom. With total control comes total responsibility. In fact, the issue of social responsibility in our new computer age has long been a topic of debate among computer enthusiasts. Some people are concerned with the
36、 long-term social effects of the so-called computer revolution. Ironically, many PC pioneers who built and marketed the first machines were 60s-style advocates of social change. They claim that while personal computer technology has the potential to make society more equal, its having the opposite e
37、ffect since upper-middle-class people can afford them and lower-class people cannot. In addition, the ways that computers are used to monitor the activities of their users have evoked anxiety about the machines. Over 7 million Americans now have their work paced, controlled, and monitored by compute
38、rs. A computer is more restrictive and powerful in the way it controls people than the old-fashioned assembly line. This can lead to what some have called “tech-stress“. Irritated eyes, back problems, and other physical symptoms have also been associated with the extensive use of computers. Although
39、 the personal computer may not have had the impact some predicted a decade age, the combination of computer technology with satellites and cable does promise innovations in the mass media that would have seemed astonishing just a few short years ago. 46 The dramatic growth of the business dealing in
40、 video games is the result of_. （ A） the development of computer industry （ B） the development of wireless technology （ C） the decline in movie industry （ D） the depression in the entertainment business 47 The consumers first motivation in buying personal computer is to_. （ A） play video games （ B）
41、make writing easier for themselves （ C） facilitate their entrance into the stock market （ D） transmit printed information 48 Whats the advantage that desktop publishing brings people? （ A） It makes home banking a reality. （ B） It provides a method for producing professional-looking documents. （ C） I
42、t makes it possible for people to receive newspaper electronically. （ D） It makes it possible for people to bring office work to home. 49 In the long run, the social effect of computers is that_. （ A） it controls peoples life （ B） it brings about a more equal society （ C） it might lengthen the dista
43、nce between upper-middle-class people and lower-class people （ D） it leads to a profound change in the mass media 50 According to the passage, which of the following is true? （ A） Computer may cause health problems for its users. （ B） Computer has led to a revolution in every aspect of peoples life.
44、 （ C） Computer is financially within the reach for most consumers. （ D） The influence of computer has on peoples life is not as great as people have predicted. 50 Since the dawn of human ingenuity, people have devised ever more cunning tools to cope with work that is dangerous, boring, burdensome, o
45、r just plain nasty. That compulsion has resulted in robotics the science of conferring various human capabilities on machines. And if scientists have yet to create the mechanical version of science fiction, they have begun to come close. As a result, the modern world is increasingly populated by int
46、elligent gizmos whose presence we barely notice but whose universal existence has removed much human labor. Our factories hum to the rhythm of robot assembly arms. Our banking is done at automated teller terminals that thank us with mechanical politeness for the transaction. Our subway trains are co
47、ntrolled by tireless robo-drivers. And thanks to the continual miniaturization of electronics and micro-mechanics, there are already robot systems that can perform some kinds of brain and bone surgery with submillimeter accuracy far greater precision that highly skilled physicians can achieve with t
48、heir hands alone. But if robots are to reach the next stage of laborsaving utility, they will have to operate with less human supervision and be able to make at least a few decisions for themselves goals that pose a real challenge. “While we know how to tell a robot to handle a specific error, “says
49、 Dave Lavery, manager of a robotics program at NASA, “we cant yet give a robot enough common sense to reliably interact with a dynamic world. “ Indeed the quest for true artificial intelligence has produced very mixed results. Despite a spell of initial optimism in the 1960s and 1970s when it appeared that transistor circuits and microprocessors might be able to copy the action of the human brain by the year 2010, researchers lately have begun to extend that forecast by decades if not centur
