1、国家公共英语（四级）笔试模拟试卷 307及答案与解析 PART A Directions: For Questions 1-5, you will hear a conversation. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twi
2、ce. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. 0 PART B Directions: For Questions 6-10, you will hear a passage. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and the questions below. 5 PART C Directions: You will he
3、ar three dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each one, you will have 5 seconds to read each of the questions which accompany it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have 10 seconds to check your answer to each question. You will hear eac
4、h piece ONLY ONCE. 11 What is the most fundamental difference between plants and animals? （ A） Plants produce their own food but animals dont. （ B） Plant cells have a wall which is non-living in chemical nature but animal cells havent （ C） Plants are green but animals arent. （ D） Plants cant move bu
5、t animals can. 12 Which of the following is TRUE about plants? （ A） They have the power of locomotion. （ B） They have a wider range of foods than animals. （ C） They are very diverse in their external appearance. （ D） They are less sensitive than animals. 13 What can we infer from the passage? （ A） P
6、lants have more characteristics than animals. （ B） Animals have more characteristics than plants. （ C） Plants and animals are different in several ways. （ D） Plants and animals are less powerful than human beings. 14 What must you make sure when you load the cassette? （ A） That you open the recorder
7、. （ B） That you get the power supply. （ C） That you get the right side of the tape facing you. （ D） That you switch the recorder on. 15 What may the red thing do besides recording? （ A） Wipe off the sound on the tape. （ B） Play the recorder. （ C） Set the recorder to work. （ D） Stop the recorder. 16
8、What button do you press if you want to listen again what has been played? （ A） Pause button. （ B） Record button. （ C） Forward button. （ D） Rewind button. 17 Why did Jane want to go back to work? （ A） Because she was bored with her husband. （ B） Because she would like to help with the family s finan
9、ces. （ C） Because she was offered a good job. （ D） Because she was bored with her children. 18 How did Jane spend her days before she went back to work? （ A） Watching TV. （ B） Taking good care of her husband. （ C） Doing housework. （ D） Reading newspaper. 19 Between whom did the problem arise when Ja
10、ne went back to work? （ A） Jane and the children. （ B） Jane and Bill. （ C） Bill and the children. （ D） Jane and the neighbour. 20 What does the story try to tell us? （ A） Parents should take good care of their children. （ B） Man and wife should share household duties. （ C） Women should never have th
11、eir own careers. （ D） Women should do all the housework. Part A 20 Walking like swimming, bicycling and running is an aerobic exercise,【 B1】_ builds the capacity for energy output and physical endurance by increasing the supply of oxygen to skin and muscles. Such exercises may be a primary factor in
12、 the【 B2】 _of heart and circulatory disease. As probably the least strenuous, safest aerobic activity, walking is the【 B3】_acceptable exercise for the largest number of people. Walking 【 B4】_comfortable speed improves the efficiency of the cardiorespiratory system 【 B5】 _stimulating the lungs and he
13、art, but at a more gradual rate than most other forms of exercise. In one test, a group of men 40 to 57 years of age,【 B6】 _at a fast pace for 40 minutes four days a week, showed improvement 【 B7】 _to men the same age on a 30 minute, three-day-a-week jogging program in the same period. Their resting
14、 heart rate and body fat decreased 【 B8】 _. These changes suggest some of the important even vital benefits walking can bring about. Walking【 B9】 _burns calories. It takes 3,500 calories to gain or lose one pound. Since a one-hour walk at a moderate pace will【 B10】 _up 300 to 360 calories. By walkin
15、g one hour every other day, you can burn up a pound and a half monthly, or 18 pounds【 B11】 _ providing there is no change in your intake of food. To【 B12】 _weight faster, walk an hour every day and burn up 3 pounds a month, or 36 pounds a year. Whatever your age, right now is the time to give your p
16、hysical well-being as much thought as you【 B13】 _to pensions or insurance. Walking is a vital defense【 B14】 _the ravages of degenerative diseases and aging. It is nature s【 B15】 _of giving you a tuneup. 21 【 B1】 22 【 B2】 23 【 B3】 24 【 B4】 25 【 B5】 26 【 B6】 27 【 B7】 28 【 B8】 29 【 B9】 30 【 B10】 31 【 B
17、11】 32 【 B12】 33 【 B13】 34 【 B14】 35 【 B15】 Part B Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D . Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 35 Every country with a monetary system of its own has to have some kind of market in which dealers in bi
18、lls, notes, and other forms of short term credit can buy and sell. The “money market“ is a set of institutions or arrangements for handling what might be called wholesale transactions in money and short term credit. The need for such facilities arises in much the same way that a similar need does in
19、 connection with the distribution of any of the products of a diversified economy to their final users at the retail level. If the retailer is to provide reasonably adequate service to his customers, he must have active contacts with others who specialize in making or handling bulk quantities of wha
20、tever is his stock in trade. The money market is made up of specialized facilities of exactly this kind. It exists for the purpose of improving the ability of the retailers of financial services commercial banks, savings institutions, investment houses, lending agencies, and even governments to do t
21、heir jobs. It has little if any contact with the individuals or firms who maintain accounts with these various retailers or purchase their securities or borrow from them. The elemental functions of a money market must be performed in any kind of modern economy, even one that is largely planned or so
22、cialist, but the arrangements in socialist countries do not ordinarily take the form of a market. Money markets exist in countries that use market processes rather than planned allocations to distribute most of their primary resources among alternative uses. The general distinguishing feature of a m
23、oney market is that it relies upon open competition among those who are bulk suppliers of funds at any particular time and among those seeking bulk funds, to work out the best practicable distribution of the existing total volume of such funds. In their market transactions, those with bulk supplies
24、of funds or demands for them, rely on groups of intermediaries who act as brokers or dealers. The characteristics of these middlemen, the services they perform, and their relationship to other parts of the financial vary widely from country to country. In many countries there is no single meeting pl
25、ace where the middlemen get together, yet in most countries the contacts among all participants are sufficiently open and free to assure each supplier or user of funds that he will get or pay a price that fairly reflects all of the influences (including his own) that are currently affecting the whol
26、e supply and the whole demand. In nearly all cases, moreover, the unifying force of competition is reflected at any given moment in a common price (that is, rate of interest) for similar transactions. Continuous fluctuations in the money market rates of interest result from changes in the pressure o
27、f available supplies of funds upon the market and in the pull of current demands upon the market. 36 The first paragraph is mainly about_. （ A） the definition of money market （ B） the constitution of a money market （ C） the basic functions of a money market （ D） the general feature of a money market
28、 37 According to this passage, a money market_. （ A） provides convenient services to its customers （ B） has close contact with the individuals or firms seeking funds （ C） maintains accounts with various retailers of financial services （ D） is made up of institutions who specialize in handling wholes
29、ale monetary transactions 38 Which of the following statements about a money market is NOT true according to this passage? （ A） Money market does not exist in planned economies. （ B） Money market has been established in some socialist countries. （ C） Money market encourages open competition among bu
30、lk suppliers of funds. （ D） Money market relies upon market processes to distribute funds to final users. 39 The author uses the example of middleman to show_. （ A） market transactions are important in different countries （ B） dealers are needed in doing business （ C） middlemen can play great role i
31、n different transactions and different countries （ D） middlemen in different countries have different actions in business 40 According to this passage, _. （ A） brokers usually perform the same kinds of services to their customers （ B） brokers have little contact with each other （ C） open competition
32、 tends to result in a common price for similar transactions at any given moment （ D） changes in the pressure of available supplies of funds upon market tends to maintain a common price for similar transactions 40 About 50 years ago the idea of disabled people doing sports was never heard of. But whe
33、n the annual games for the disabled were started at Stroke Mandeville, England in 1948 by Sir Ludwig Guttmann, the situation began to change. Sir Ludwig Guttmann, who had been driven to England in 1939 from Nazi Germany, had been asked by the British government to set up an injuries centre at Stroke
34、 Mandeville Hospital near London. His ideas about treating injuries included sports for the disabled. In the first games just two teams of injured soldiers took part. The next year, 1949, five teams took part. From those beginnings things developed fast. Teams now come from abroad to Stroke Mandevil
35、le every year. In 1960 the first Olympics for the Disabled were held in Rome. Now, every four years the Olympic Games for the Disabled are held, if possible, in the same place as the normal Olympic Games, although they are organized separately. In other years Games for the Disabled are still held at
36、 Stroke Mandeville. In the 1984 wheelchair Olympic Games, 1, 604 wheelchair athletes from about 40 countries took part. Unfortunately, they were held at Stroke Mandeville and not in Los Angeles, along with the other Olympics. The Games have been a great success in promoting international friendship
37、and understanding, and in proving that being disabled does not mean you can t enjoy sports. One small source of disappointment for those who organize and take part in the games, however, has been the unwillingness of the International Olympic Committee to include the disabled events at the Olympic G
38、ames for the able bodies. Perhaps a few more years are still needed to convince those fortunate enough not to be disabled that their disabled fellow athletes should not be excluded. 41 The first games for the disabled were held_after Sir Ludwig Guttmann arrived in England. （ A） 50 years （ B） 21 year
39、s （ C） 9 years （ D） 4 years 42 Besides Stroke Mandeville, surely the games for the disabled were once held in_. （ A） New York （ B） London （ C） Rome （ D） Los Angeles 43 In paragraph 2, the underlined word “athletes“ means “ _ （ A） people who support the games （ B） people who watch the games （ C） peop
40、le who organize the games （ D） people who compete in the games 44 Which of the following statements is NOT true? （ A） Sir Ludwig Guttmann is an early organizer of the games for the disabled. （ B） Sir Ludwig Guttmann is an injured soldier. （ C） Sir Ludwig Guttmann is from Germany. （ D） Sir Ludwig Gut
41、tmann is welcomed by the British. 45 From the passage we may conclude that the writer is_. （ A） one of the organizers of the games for the disabled （ B） a disabled who once took part in the games （ C） against holding the games for the disabled （ D） in favor of holding the game for the disabled 45 Po
42、lice in the popular resort city Virginia Beach recently began operating video surveillance cameras with controversial face recognition technology. Virginia Beach and Tampa in Florida two cities in the United States acquired the technology, which cost them $ 197,000. “ Before we switched it on, we we
43、nt through an extensive public education process with hearings and the involvement of citizen groups and minority groups, who helped write the policies we are using, “ said deputy police chief Greg Mullen. A citizens auditing committee has the right to perform unannounced spot checks on police headq
44、uarters to make sure the technology is not being misused. Three of the citys 13 cameras are linked full time to the face recognition system, though the others can be activited as needed. The database of wanted people is updated every day. So far, the system has failed to produce a single arrest, tho
45、ugh it has generated a few false alarms. It works by analyzing faces based on a series of measurements, such as the distance from the tip of the nose to the chin or the space between the eyes. Critics say it is highly inaccurate and can be easily fooled. Mullen, who sees the system eventually being
46、linked to the databases of other city, state and federal law enforcement agencies to track criminals and suspected terrorists, said, “The system doesnt look at skin color or your hair or your gender. It takes human prejudices out of the equation. “ “This technology has little or no effect on the cri
47、me rate but it does have an effect on peoples behavior. People feel cowed, “ said Bruce Steinhardt, who directs the technology. Despite the fact that tests have shown faces recognition only works in around 30% cases, the ACLU is alarmed that the technology may soon spread to airports. The organizati
48、on also fears it could potentially be used to monitor individuals political activities to harass law-abiding citizens. “This kind of surveillance should be subject to the same procedures as wiretaps. Law enforcement agencies should justify why they need it and it should be tightly limited, otherwise
49、 it will soon become a tool of social control,“ said Mihir Kshisagar of the Electronic Information Privacy Center. Nor does such criticism come exclusively from the political left. Lawyer John Whitehead, founder of the conservative Rutherford Institute, wrote in an editorial that the technology threatened the right of each U. S. citizen to participate in society. “After all, that is exactly what constant surveillance isthe
