1、大学英语六级模拟试卷 505及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 1现在社会上很多人提议高考取消英语 2也有人反对高考取消英语的意见，其理由是 3我的看法 二、 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage.
2、 For questions 1-4, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 2 Instant Expert: Mental Health When the heart bre
3、aks down, it beats irregularly or not at all. A bone can chip or snap. But when the complex network of neurons in our brain fails to function normally, the result can be a near-endless variety and combinations of mental illnesses. Its normal to sometimes be sad, happy, anxious, confused, forgetful o
4、r fearful, but when a persons emotions, thoughts or behavior frequently trouble them, or disrupt their lives, they may be suffering from mental illness. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), about 450 million people worldwide are affected by mental, neurological or behavioral problems at
5、 any time. However, determining that someone has a mental illness, and which one, is one of the challenges psychiatrists face. One effort to catalogue these afflictions is the “psychiatrists bible“, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-the latest edition fills nearly one thousan
6、d pages and lists over 400 disorders. Diversity of disorders Among the best known and most common mental illnesses is depression-a prolonged, weakening sad- ness, sometimes accompanied by a feeling of hopelessness and thoughts of suicide. Seasonal affective disorder is a type of depression that affe
7、cts some people in the autumn and winter and is triggered by the disappearing hours of daylight and colder temperatures. In bipolar disorder (双极性障碍 ), a person changes from depression to episodes of excessive enthusiasm where they are unrealistically confident in their abilities. Personality disorde
8、rs are behavior patterns that are destructive to the person themselves or those around them. In dissociative disorders, someone experiences a sudden change in consciousness or their concept of self. In dissociative amnesia, for example, the result is a loss of part or all of their memories. Samson,
9、the Biblical strongman, may have suffered from the earliest recorded case of antisocial personality disorder. Anxiety disorders are characterized by powerful feelings of stress and physical signs of fear-sweating, a racing heart-due to some cue in the environment, or for no obvious reason at all. Th
10、ese include post-traumatic (创伤后的 ) stress disorder, panic disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder, anger disorders, hypochondria, social phobia, and other phobias including agoraphobia (open spaces), claustrophobia (small spaces), acrophobia (heights), and arachnophobia (spiders). Attention-deficit
11、hyperactivity disorder is among the most common mental illnesses diagnosed in children, affecting their ability to focus and associated with high levels of activity and impulsiveness. Eating disorders involve an unhealthy relationship to food. A sufferer of anorexia nervosa (神经性厌食症 ) will strive for
12、 thinness to the point of starvation, due to a distorted perception of their bodies and dissatisfaction in their sense of control. They engage in cycles of gorging(feed greedily) themselves and then purging through vomiting or the use of some drugs. Muscle dysmorphia is sometimes thought of as a “re
13、verse“ form of anorexia that affects bodybuilders. Sufferers constantly worry that they are too weak despite being extremely strong. Enormous cost Mental illnesses are quite common. As many as one in five people are thought to suffer from mental illness, at least temporarily, each year. Suicide-ofte
14、n the result of untreated mental illness-claims 873000 lives around the world each year. The economic costs of these conditions are also enormous and growing. According to the WHO, depression is expected to account for more lost years of healthy life than any other disease by 2030, except for HIV/AI
15、DS. Even so, the mentally ill face disgrace and discrimination. Studies find people are reluctant to admit they have at mental illness, to seek help, or to stick with treatment. Others are eager to reject the label of a mental illness. For example, some people with autism characterized by difficulty
16、 communicating or socializing insist the condition is not a disorder that needs to be cured, but just part of normal human “neurodiversity“. Underlying causes Historically, some symptoms of mental illness, such as irregular behaviour and hearing voices, have been taken as evidence of heavenly commun
17、ication or possession of magical power. More recently, brain scans have directly linked these conditions with changes in levels of neurotransmitters chemicals that convey messages across neurons-or alterations in the number or structure of neurons in different brain areas. For instance, people suffe
18、ring from depression often display lowered levels of the neurotransmitter serotonin. In a few cases, the immediate cause of the malfunction has been identified. Alzheimers disease, a major source of dementia and memory loss ill the elderly, is caused by the accumulation of protein plaques which chok
19、e neurons in the brain. Some infectious diseases can also develop into a mental illness. Untreated HIV infection can cause dementia, as can the uncontrolled replication of the microbe that causes syphilis. Borrelia burgdorferi-the Lyme disease bacterium, responsible for malaria (fever transmitted by
20、 mosquitoes), are also thought capable of triggering a variety of mental illnesses. In many cases the precise cause is unclear and experts suspect that many different factors are involved. One striking example is schizophrenia (精神分裂症 ), distinguished by psychosis. This is a distorted view of reality
21、, which may include hallucinations (illusion of seeing or hearing something not actually present), hearing voices, delusions, and paranoia. The chance that identical twins both develop schizophrenia is much higher than that for fraternal twins or siblings, arguing for the strong role of inherited ge
22、nes. But scientists are accumulating a growing list of other risk factors that predispose people to this condition, including exposure to famine conditions before birth, certain infections or exposure to lead. The season of their birth also seems important-birth in winter or early spring increases t
23、he risk, as does an older father and, controversially, child abuse. Genes are also thought to influence many other mental health problems, including: anorexia, autism, Alzheimers disease and bipolar disorder. Besides, the womb environment, exposure to X-rays, being held in detention centres and havi
24、ng an overactive immune system are also some influencing factors. Some researchers believe that smoking cigarettes and taking recreational drugs like LSD, ecstasy and cannabis, may elevate a users risk of mental illnesses, including schizophrenia, although it can be difficult to assess whether drug
25、use is a cause or effect. And careful use of LSD and ecstasy might even help treat psychiatric problems. Psychiatric treatments Psychiatric treatment for mental illness can take many forms. In psychotherapy, the patient is encouraged to recognize their problems, understand what may trigger undesirab
26、le behavior, and develop coping strategies. Many medications are also available to treat some of the most severe symptoms. Recently, however, some experts think there has been a rush to medicate every disorder and have questioned the effectiveness of many drugs. There is also controversy about using
27、 these drugs-such as Ritalin or amphetamines-to treat children. Other less mainstream treatments for mental health problems, include stimulating the brain with magnetic pulses, electroconvulsive therapy, deep brain electrode stimulation, staying at a Hindu temple and using virtual reality to treat s
28、chizophrenia and phobias. Some experts argue that the different treatments for depression share a common mechanisms-prompting the growth of neurons. Madly creative Madness has long been linked with genius. Many famous artists, writers and scientists have suffered from mental disorders, leading some
29、to wonder if there is a link between these illnesses and creativity. The mathematician John Nash struggled with schizophrenia while he developed the theory that earned him a Nobel Prize. The artist Vincent Van Gogh, the composer Robert Schumann and the writer Fyodor Dostoevsky are said to have suffe
30、red from a range of mental disorders including hypergraphia, a compulsion to write-a sign perhaps their art emerged from an unrelenting urge to communicate. One possibility is that genes that predispose people to such devastating illnesses persist because when the syndromes are present in a milder f
31、orm, this heightened creativity gives people an evolutionary advantage. 2 Mental illness may be resulted from _. （ A） irregularity of heart （ B） snapped bones （ C） the malfunction of the neural network in brain （ D） the malfunction of the brain 3 The World Health Organization (WHO) acknowledges that
32、 _. （ A） millions of people worldwide are suffering from mental disorders （ B） people suffer from mental disorders when being sad, happy or anxious （ C） people may suffer from mental illness with emotional or behavioral disruption （ D） mental disorders may result from the malfunctioning of our brain
33、s 4 Depression, the best known and most common mental illnesses, takes the form of _. （ A） extreme confidence in themselves （ B） emotional break-out when it is cold （ C） emotional blows in daylight （ D） hopeless sadness and thoughts of suicide sometimes 5 Who may have suffered from the earliest reco
34、rded case of antisocial personality disorder? （ A） Vincent Van Gogh. （ B） John Nash. （ C） Samson. （ D） Robert Schumann. 6 People in eating disorders tend to _. （ A） strive to be thin by starvation （ B） take an unhealthy attitude to eating （ C） feed greedily and then purify themselves through vomitin
35、g or use of laxatives （ D） take an demanding attitude to their figure 7 By 2030, the illnesses to account for lost healthy life most do NOT include _. （ A） depression （ B） HIV （ C） AIDS （ D） autism 8 The following infectious diseases that can develop into a mental illness is _. （ A） dementia （ B） sy
36、philis （ C） malaria （ D） untreated HIV infection 9 Identical twins have higher chance of both developing schizophrenia because of the strong role of _. 10 As for the medication of some severe symptoms, some experts doubt about the rush and have questioned _ 11 Because many artists, writers and scien
37、tists have suffered from mental illness, some people wonder if these illnesses link with _. Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversa
38、tion and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） Go to the supermarket to get the ingredients. （ B） Share with the man how she makes the food. （
39、 C） Call the supermarket for the recipe. （ D） Go to the supermarket to buy a pencil and paper. （ A） It requires constant care. （ B） Its very old-style. （ C） It cost the woman 50 dollars to buy. （ D） It cant tell the correct time. （ A） She is not in the place to judge. （ B） The man should blame himse
40、lf. （ C） The business deserves the mans waiting. （ D） She is not good at giving advice. （ A） Go to the online store to work for money. （ B） Go to the bank to cash the check. （ C） Go to his office to find the check. （ D） Try to find some cash he has misplaced. （ A） He will be too busy to help the wom
41、an. （ B） He is not sure whether he can help the woman. （ C） He is supposed to know what he should do. （ D） He will help the woman. （ A） His watch distracted him during the film. （ B） He almost missed the film. （ C） The film failed to meet his expectations. （ D） The film was too late to be show. （ A）
42、 Rachel has some problem with her husband. （ B） Its hard to know Rachels real feeling. （ C） The man has got no chance to talk with Rachel. （ D） The woman knows what Rachel is thinking about. （ A） He has no time to read the project proposal. （ B） The girls proposal was terribly written. （ C） Its not
43、his responsibility to help the girl. （ D） Half a month is not enough to write a proposal. （ A） The enrolment form. （ B） The handbook. （ C） Australia and its People. （ D） The description of the courses. （ A） At this moment. （ B） After he selects courses. （ C） At the end of the first year. （ D） At the
44、 end of the first semester. （ A） 9 each year. （ B） 24 each year. （ C） 12 each semester. （ D） 9 each semester. （ A） It has a beautiful scenery. （ B） The lions there are all locked. （ C） The monkeys there are very entertaining. （ D） It is in a very remote place with wild animals. （ A） She went to Safa
45、ri Park. （ B） She went to Oxford. （ C） She watched the sun rise. （ D） She went to Stonehenge. （ A） It is very beautiful when the sun rises. （ B） Its good to appreciate the beauty. （ C） It is more beautiful when there is some fog. （ D） It looks very romantic when you drive past it. （ A） He loves trav
46、el more than anything else. （ B） He is a very romantic person. （ C） He is afraid of bigger animals. （ D） He used to study in a famous university. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the
47、questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） One bridge between North and South London collapsed. （ B） The heart of London was flooded. （ C） An emergency exercise was conducted. （ D） A hundred people i
48、n the suburbs were drowned. （ A） Fifty underground stations were made waterproof. （ B） A flood wall was built. （ C） An alarm system was set up. （ D） Rescue teams were formed. （ A） Most Londoners were frightened. （ B） Most Londoners became rather confused. （ C） Most Londoners took Exercise Floodcatl
49、calmly. （ D） Most Londoners complained about the trouble caused by Exercise Floodcall. （ A） It limited their supply of food. （ B） It made their eggshells too fragile. （ C） It destroyed many of their nests. （ D） It killed many baby bald eagles. （ A） They found ways to speed up the reproduction of bald eagles. （ B） They developed new types of feed for baby bald eagles. （ C） They explored new ways to hatch baby bald eagles. （ D） They brought in bald eagles from Canada. （ A） Pollu
