1、大学英语六级模拟试卷 59及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled On Fast Food. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below: 1. 有人认为快餐带来了很多便利之处 2. 有人却认为快餐带来 了很多负面影响 3. 在我看来 On Fast Food 二、 Part II Reading Comprehe
2、nsion (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-4, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the sta
3、tement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 2 Emergency Rooms Millions of Americans visit an emergency room each year. Millions more have seen the hit TV show “ER“. This has sparked a great interest in the fascinating, 2
4、4-hour-a-day, non-stop world of emergency medicine. A visit to the emergency room can be a stressful, scary event. Why is it so scary? First of all, there is the fear of not knowing what is wrong with you. There is the fear of having to visit an unfamiliar place filled with people you have never met
5、. Also, you may have to undergo tests that you do not understand at a pace that discourages questions and comprehension. In this article, we lead you through a complete behind-the-scenes tour of a typical emergency room. You will learn about the normal flow of traffic in an emergency room, the peopl
6、e involved and the special techniques used to respond to life-or-death situations. If you yourself find the need to visit an emergency room, this article will make it less stressful by revealing what will happen and why things happen the way they do in an emergency department. Understanding the ER M
7、aze The classic emergency room scene involves an ambulance screeching to a halt, a gurney(推送病人的活动床 ) hurtling through the hallway and five people frantically working to save a persons life with only seconds to spare. This does happen and is not uncommon, but the majority of cases seen in a typical e
8、mergency department arent quite this dramatic. Lets look at a typical case to see how the normal flow of an emergency room works. Imagine that its 2 a.m., and youre dreaming about whatever it is that you dream about. Suddenly you wake up because your abdomen hurts a lot. This seems like something ou
9、t of the ordinary, so you call your regular doctor. He tells you to go to your local hospitals emergency department: He is concerned about appendicitis(阑尾炎 ) because your pain is located in the right, lower abdomen. When you arrive at the emergency department, your first stop is triage(医疗鉴别分类 ). Thi
10、s is the place where each patients condition is prioritized, typically by a nurse, into three general categories. The categories are immediately life threatening; urgent, but not immediately life threatening; and less urgent. This categorization is necessary so that someone with a life-threatening c
11、ondition is not kept waiting because they arrive a few minutes later than someone with a more routine problem. The triage nurse records your vital signs(temperature, pulse, respiratory rate and blood pressure). She also gets a brief history of your current medical complaints, past medical problems,
12、medications and allergies so that she can determine the appropriate triage category. Here you find out that your temperature is 101 degrees F. Whats next? You need to register. Registration After triage, the next step is registration not very exciting and rarely seen on TV. Here they obtain your vit
13、al statistics. You may also provide them with your insurance information, Medicare, Medicaid or Health Maintenance Organization card. This step is necessary to develop a medical record so that your medical history, lab tests, X-rays, etc., will all be located on one chart that can be referenced at a
14、ny time. The bill will also be generated from this information. If the patients condition is life-threatening or if the patient arrives by ambulance, this step may be completed later at the bedside. Examination Room Now you are brought to the exam room. You promptly throw up in the bathroom, which m
15、ay be more evidence of appendicitis. You are seen by an emergency department nurse who obtains more detailed information about you. The nurse gets you settled into a patient gown so that you can be examined properly and perhaps obtains a urine(尿 ) specimen at this time. Some emergency departments ha
16、ve been subdivided into separate areas to better serve their patients. These separate areas can include a pediatric ER, a chest pain ER, a fast track (for minor injuries and illnesses), trauma center (usually for severely injured patients) and an observation unit (for patients who do not require hos
17、pital admission but do require prolonged treatment or many diagnostic tests). Once the nurse has finished her tasks, the next visitor is an emergency-medicine physician. He gets a more detailed medical history about your present illness, past medical problems, family history, social history, and a c
18、omplete review of all your body systems. He then formulates a list of possible causes of your symptoms. This list is called a differential diagnosis. The most likely diagnosis is then determined by the patients symptoms and physical examination. If this is inadequate to determine the diagnosis, then
19、 diagnostic tests are required. Diagnostic Tests When the tricky diagnosis of appendicitis is considered, blood tests and a urinalysis are required. The patients blood is put into different colored tubes, each with its own additive depending on the test being performed: -A purple-top tube is used fo
20、r a complete blood count (CBC) measures: 1. The adequacy of your red blood cells, to see if you are anemic(贫血的 ) 2. The number and type of white blood cells (WBCs), to determine the presence of infection 3. A platelet count (platelets are a blood component necessary for clotting) - A red-top tube is
21、 used to test the serum (the liquid or non-cellular half of your blood). - A blue-top tube is used to test your bloods clotting. The tests in your case indicate that you have an elevated WBC count. This is a sign of a bacterial infection, and bacterial infections are commonly associated with appendi
22、citis. At this point, the emergency physician may request that you not eat or drink anything. The reason is that appendicitis is treated by surgery, and an empty stomach is desirable to prevent some complications of anesthesia(麻醉 ). Diagnosis and Treatment When the emergency physician has all the in
23、formation he can obtain, he makes a determination of the most likely diagnosis from his differential diagnosis. Alternately, he may decide that he does not have enough information to make a decision and may require more tests. At this point, he speaks to a general surgeon the appropriate consultant
24、in this case. The surgeon comes to see you and performs a thorough history, physical exam, and review of your lab data. She examines your symptoms: pain and tenderness in the right, lower abdomen, vomiting, low-grade fever and elevated WBC count. These symptoms all point to appendicitis. The treatme
25、nt of appendicitis is removal of the appendix, or an appendectomy. The surgeon explains the procedure, including the risks and benefits. You then sign a consent form to document this and permit her to operate on you. Disposition Depending on a patients specific medical condition, physicians will eit
26、her admit the patient to the hospital, discharge the patient, or transfer the patient to a more appropriate medical facility. If you are discharged, you will receive discharge instructions (either written specifically for you or pre-printed) that explain your medications and other treatments. If med
27、ications are prescribed, you may receive a beginning dose if there are no drug stores open in your area at that particular time. You will also be referred for follow-up care should your condition continue or worsen. You may need to be transferred if your condition is better treated at another instit
28、ution. You may have to sign a consent form if your condition or mental state allows. The modern emergency department performs an important role in our society. It really is a marvelous invention that has saved countless lives. Hopefully, the information in this article will help ease your fears shou
29、ld you need the services of an emergency department in the future. 2 Several factors make the emergency room frightful, and they all originate from not knowing. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 3 The happenings in the emergency room are usually as dramatic as the scene on TV shows. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 4 Usua
30、lly, if you feel something wrong, you may go to see your regular doctor. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 5 According to the actual situation of the patients and the arrival time, nurses decide who comes into the emergency room. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 6 Registration is a necessary step to present patients relev
31、ant information, but in urgent cases, it can be done later at_. 7 After the nurse of the exam room has completed her job, the patient will be thoroughly reviewed all the body system by_. 8 During the blood test, if a patient is suspicious of some infection, his blood will be put in the_. 9 If the do
32、ctors decide to operate on a patient after the diagnosis, they will ask the patient to _for permission. 10 After the medical treatment, a patient may be admitted to the hospital, discharged, or transferred to a more appropriate_. 11 In the case of discharge, a patient can get discharge instructions
33、explaining medications, other treatments and_. Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only on
34、ce. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） They are thoroughly wet on their way to the concert. （ B） They missed the concert because of the rain. （ C） They will dry off their clothes
35、before the concert starts. （ D） They will change their clothes before the concert starts. （ A） The man should buy a different meal ticket each month. （ B） Different individuals have different eating habits. （ C） Buying the meal ticket wont save money for the man. （ D） The price of a meal varies from
36、 month to month. （ A） Add up the figures once more now. （ B） Put off the calculations until tomorrow. （ C） Take a rest first and finish the figures today. （ D） Try calculating the figures for the last time. （ A） He cant afford to play for four hours a day. （ B） He finds it easy to improve his Englis
37、h. （ C） He wont accept the womans advice. （ D） He will spare no efforts to improve his English. （ A） He can hang a few more paintings. （ B） He can paint the wall to match the furniture. （ C） He can put up some more cheerful paintings. （ D） He can save some more room for paintings. （ A） He has to go
38、to another meeting first. （ B） He doesnt want to speak at the meeting. （ C） He might get lost in the crowd. （ D） He doesnt like to go to public places. （ A） It is a very interesting movie. （ B） It is an enjoyable movie. （ C） It is a boring movie. （ D） It is an inspiring movie. （ A） Exchange some cur
39、rency in the bank （ B） Hand in a new letter of recommendation. （ C） Ask some advice from the professor. （ D） Make an appointment with the professor. （ A） The hotel clerk confused him with another guest. （ B） Rooms were overbooked for that evening. （ C） There were no more rooms available for five peo
40、ple. （ D） The price for the room was higher than he expected. （ A） A room for five people. （ B） A single room. （ C） A honeymoon suite. （ D） A double room. （ A） She gave him a hunch of flowers for apology. （ B） She provided the man with three free meals. （ C） She charged no money for the mans room. （
41、 D） She provided him with a ten-percent discount and a free breakfast. （ A） Keys to paper recycling. （ B） Importance of recycling. （ C） Keys to recycling improvement. （ D） Technological progress in recycling. （ A） Newspaper, （ B） Carbon paper. （ C） Food wrapper. （ D） Waxed paper. （ A） Sell advanced
42、technology and send more experts to help the companies. （ B） Provide the companies with advanced technology and equipments. （ C） Lend more money to the companies with high interests. （ D） Give money to the companies to improve their equipments and promote their research, （ A） The demand for recycled
43、 materials should be increased. （ B） New technology is needed. （ C） The public should know more about recycling. （ D） More trees should be saved Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the q
44、uestions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） Left. （ B） Right. （ C） Backwards. （ D） Forwards. （ A） He smashes it with its long powerful tail. （ B） He bites it with its terrible pointed teeth. （ C） He ho
45、lds it below the water until it drowns. （ D） He swallows it because he has a huge mouth. （ A） Because they have all been shot. （ B） Because they are too dangerous. （ C） Because they are all hiding under the rivers. （ D） Because the weather does not suit them nowadays. （ A） Young adults should leave
46、their parents and live independently. （ B） Middle class young adults should stay longer with their parents. （ C） Divorced young adults should move back home. （ D） Young adults should attend nearby colleges in order to live with their parents. （ A） They get married before they buy their own house. （
47、B） More people get divorced and do not remarry soon. （ C） They attend local colleges so they have to stay home. （ D） They move back so that they can take care of their parents. （ A） Adult children should visit their parents from time to time. （ B） Parents should support their adult children when the
48、y are in trouble. （ C） Children should leave their parents when they are grown up. （ D） Parents and children should share the family expenses when living together. （ A） In the UK. （ B） In North Wales. （ C） In France. （ D） In the US. （ A） Boeing 747 Jumbo. （ B） Airbus A380. （ C） European Airbus. （ D）
49、 Boeing 787 Dream liner. （ A） It is available in small airports and can fly further. （ B） It can reduce fuel emissions by about 20%. （ C） It is equipped with sports and entertainment facilities. （ D） It provides more comfortable seats for passengers （ A） It represents remarkable technological development. （ B） It will do less harm to environment than other planes. （ C） We will benefit from its fuel efficiency and aviation. （ D） It will not solve the problem of damaging environment. Section C D
