1、大学英语六级（ 2013年 12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷 106及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on understanding others by referring to Abraham Lincolns remark, “I dont like that man. I must get to know him better.“ You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 word
2、s. Section A （ A） Sense of self-respect. （ B） Teachers responsibilities. （ C） A students article. （ D） Treatment of students mistakes. （ A） The company does not have the mans resume. （ B） The mans interview might be successful. （ C） The company has decided to hire the man. （ D） The man was astonishe
3、d to hear the news. （ A） She should follow the human nature. （ B） Strangers are nothing to be afraid of. （ C） Feeling nervous is nothing improper. （ D） She should accept strangers presents naturally. （ A） He wont come to dinner. （ B） He may come after finishing his work. （ C） He doesnt enjoy the sea
4、food. （ D） He might join them if Mary comes. （ A） Milk. （ B） Sleep. （ C） Exercise. （ D） Genes. （ A） Reading the instruction. （ B） Observing two pictures. （ C） Discussing a girls looking. （ D） Doing some math problems. （ A） On a university campus. （ B） In a theater. （ C） In a community. （ D） In a kin
5、dergarten. （ A） Some available services. （ B） Competition for an opportunity. （ C） Different choices of careers. （ D） Roles in the coming sports meeting. （ A） At the end of March. （ B） In the middle of April. （ C） At the beginning of May. （ D） At the end of May. （ A） She wants to book some plane tic
6、kets. （ B） Her assistant needs to buy some books for them. （ C） She needs to find a good hotel for the delegation. （ D） Her assistant needs to arrange the accommodation. （ A） He received a call from the delegation. （ B） He discussed with the Poland delegation. （ C） He knew it through the contract th
7、ey signed. （ D） He received an E-mail this morning and knew it. （ A） A tour around the city. （ B） A cruise along the river. （ C） A visit around the campus. （ D） Discussion and some seminars. （ A） She found she wasnt registered in Chemistry 302A. （ B） She found she was registered in Chemistry 302B. （
8、 C） She was unsure which class she had registered. （ D） She wasnt registered in Chemistry 302B. （ A） Show the add/drop form to Professor Smith. （ B） Go on attending Professor Smiths class. （ C） Come to the registration office with the form. （ D） Sort out the problem all by herself. （ A） She is worri
9、ed she cant attend the course. （ B） She is worried she has to change professor. （ C） She is worried she might not be able to graduate. （ D） She is worried she might fall behind in the course. Section B （ A） His vision and his travel all over the world. （ B） His expertise and business marketing skill
10、s. （ C） The money we pay for the “information highway“. （ D） His confidence in software products. （ A） It is a network for shopping malls, offices and homes. （ B） It relieves the heavy burden of teachers in school. （ C） It simplifies the process of making friends online. （ D） It quickens sales of so
11、ftware products and intelligence. （ A） It will confine us to the four walls. （ B） We will have unlimited freedom. （ C） The rich will be even richer. （ D） Education will be widely spread. （ A） Communication actually takes place when the message is received. （ B） There are more means of receiving than
12、 of sending communications. （ C） Reception of communication involves use of the senses. （ D） It is hard to organize by typing the means of sending communication. （ A） Clapping hands. （ B） Gesture and imitation. （ C） Handshaking. （ D） Smell and taste. （ A） They dont need conventional signs and symbol
13、s. （ B） They only require a receiver in communication. （ C） The distance between communicators cant be too long. （ D） They are not restricted in time and space. （ A） Worse than in the past. （ B） As bad as in the past. （ C） Not so dangerous as in the past. （ D） As necessary as in the past. （ A） The a
14、doption of modern ideologies can stop war. （ B） The adoption of any ideology could prevent war. （ C） The adoption of some ideologies could prevent war. （ D） The adoption of any ideology cant stop war. （ A） Enhance the contests of force. （ B） Change peoples old mental habits. （ C） Change peoples ideo
15、logies. （ D） Persuade mankind to live with war. （ A） War is the only way to solve international disputes. （ B） War will be less dangerous because of the improvement of weapons. （ C） It is impossible for people to live without war. （ D） War must be abolished if man wants to survive. Section C 26 Rock
16、 climbing is an activity in which participants climb up, down or across natural rock formations or artificial rock walls. The goal is to reach the【 B1】 _of a formation or the endpoint of a pre-defined route without falling. To【 B2】 _ complete a climb, one must return to the base of the route safely.
17、 Due to the length and extended endurance required, accidents【 B3】 _ happen on descent than ascent, especially on the larger【 B4】 _ pitches. Rock climbing competitions have the objectives of either completing the route in the quickest possible time or【 B5】 _ the farthest point on an increasingly dif
18、ficult route. Scrambling, another activity involving the scaling of hills and similar formations, is similar to rock climbing. However, rock climbing is generally differentiated by its sustained use of hands to support the climbers weight【 B6】 _ to provide balance. Rock climbing is a physically and
19、mentally demanding sport, one that often tests a climbers strength, endurance, agility(敏捷 )and balance along with mental control. It can be a dangerous sport and knowledge of proper climbing【 B7】 _ and usage of specialised climbing equipment is【 B8】 _ for the safe completion of routes. Because of th
20、e wide range and variety of rock formations around the world, rock climbing has【 B9】 _ several different styles and sub-disciplines. While not an Olympic event, rock climbing is【 B10】 _ by the International Olympic Committee as a sport. 27 【 B1】 28 【 B2】 29 【 B3】 30 【 B4】 31 【 B5】 32 【 B6】 33 【 B7】
21、34 【 B8】 35 【 B9】 36 【 B10】 Section A 36 Since 2007, the American Psychological Association(APA)has conducted a survey of different aspects of stress in America. This years analysis focused on teens, and on a 10-point scale,【 C1】 _ranked their stress at 5.8, compared with a score of 5.1 reported by
22、adults. Even more【 C2】 _, says Norman Anderson, CEO and executive vice president of the APA, is the fact that most teens knew their stress levels werent healthy they said 3.9 was probably more【 C3】 _ but did little about it. In fact, the survey【 C4】_that 42% of teens arent doing enough to manage the
23、ir stress. Thats concerning, since unaddressed stress can lead to both short-term mental-health issues such as depression, as well as lay the seeds for【 C5】 _conditions such as heart disease and high blood pressure in adulthood. Whats causing teens to feel so anxious? Eighty three percent【 C6】 _scho
24、ol as a source of stress, including concerns about their future after high school and worries about college. For some, family financial issues also caused anxiety, which wasnt【 C7】_since previous studies found that parental stress can trickle(滴流 )down to children, even at very young ages. “This popu
25、lation is underserved, and not taken seriously sometimes,“ said Katherine Nordal, of the APA. “We wanted to【 C8】 _light on some of the problems we know teens are having and whether they are successful at coping with them or not.“ Clearly, said Anderson, “We have work to do to manage stress overall.
26、Stress levels among Americans continue to be high, but coping【 C9】 _remain ineffective.“ Teens reported doing everything that they probably shouldnt in order to relieve stressthey arent getting enough sleep and theyre less【 C10】 _active. A)revealed B)surprising C)disperse D)adolescents E)physically
27、F)practicable G)cited H)seniors I)chronic J)desirable K)mentally L)shine M)mechanisms N)revenged O)disturbing 37 【 C1】 38 【 C2】 39 【 C3】 40 【 C4】 41 【 C5】 42 【 C6】 43 【 C7】 44 【 C8】 45 【 C9】 46 【 C10】 Section B 46 Do Britains Energy Firms Serve the Public Interest? ACapitalism is the best and worst
28、of systems. Left to itself, it will embrace the new and uncompromisingly follow the logic of prices and profit, a revolutionary accelerator for necessary change. But it can only ever react to todays prices, which cannot capture what will happen tomorrow. So, left to itself, capitalism will neglect b
29、oth the future and the cohesion of the society in which it trades. BWhat we know, especially after the financial crisis of 2008, is that we cant leave capitalism to itself. If we want it to work at its best, combining its doctrines with public and social objectives, there is no alternative but to de
30、sign the markets in which it operates. We also need to try to add in wider obligations than the simple pursuit of economic logic. Otherwise, there lies disaster. CIf this is now obvious in banking, it has just become so in energy. Since 2004, consumers energy bills have nearly tripled, far more than
31、 the rise in energy prices. The energy companies demand returns nearly double those in mass retailing. This would be problematic at any time, but when wages in real terms have fallen by some 10% in five years it constitutes a crisis. John Major, pointing to the mass of citizens who now face a choice
32、 between eating or being warm as he made the case for a high profits tax on energy companies drove home the social reality. The energy market, as it currently operates, is maladaptive and illegitimate. There has to be changed. DThe design of this market is now universally recognised as wrong, univer
33、sally, that is, excepting the regulator and the government. The energy companies are able to disguise their cost structures because there is no general pool into which they are required to sell their energy instead opaquely striking complex internal deals between their generating and supply arms. Ye
34、t this is an industry where production and consumption is 24/7 and whose production logic requires such energy pooling. The sector has informally agreed, without regulatory challenge, that it should seek a supply margin of 5% twice that of retailing. EOn top the industry also requires long-term pric
35、e guarantees for investment in renewables and nuclear without any comparable return in lowering its target cost of capital. The national grid, similarly privately owned, balances its profit maximising aims with a need to ensure security of supply. And every commitment to decarbonise British energy s
36、upply by 2030 is passed on to the consumer, rich and poor alike, whatever their capacity to pay. It will also lead to negligible new investment unless backed by government guarantees and subsidies. It could scarcely be worse and with so much energy capacity closing in the next two years constitutes
37、a first-order national crisis. FThe general direction of reform is clear. Energy companies should be required to sell their electricity into a pool whose price would become the base price for retail. This would remove the ability to mask the relationship between costs and prices: retail prices would
38、 fall as well as rise clearly and unambiguously as pool prices changed. GThe grid, which delivers electricity and gas into our homes and is the guarantor that the lights wont go out, must be in public ownership, as is Network Rail in the rail industry. It should also be connected to a pan-European g
39、rid for additional security. Green commitments, or decisions to support developing renewables, should be paid out of general taxation to take the poll tax element out of energy bills, with the rich paying more than the poor for the public good. Because returns on investment take decades in the energ
40、y industry, despite what free market fundamentalists argue, the state has to assume financial responsibility of energy investment as it is doing with nuclear and renewables. HThe British energy industry has gone from nationalisation to privatisation and back to government control in the space of 25
41、years. Although the energy industry is nominally in private hands, we have exactly the same approach of government picking winners and dictating investment plans that was followed with disastrous consequences from the Second World War to the mid 1980s. In the 1970s and early 1980s, the consumer got
42、unfair treatment because long-term investment plans and contracts promoted by the government required electricity companies to use expensive local coal. IThe energy industry is, once again, controlled by the state. The same underlying drivers dictate policy in the new world of state control. It is n
43、ot rational economic thinking and public-interested civil servants that determine policy, but interest groups. Going back 30 years, it was the coal industry both management and unions and the nuclear industry that dictated policy. Tony Benn said he had “never known such a well-organised scientific,
44、industrial and technical lobby“. Today, it is green pressure groups, EU parliamentarians and commissioners and, often, the energy industry itself that are loading burdens on to consumers. When the state controls the energy industry, whether through the back or the front door, it is vested interests(
45、既得利益 )that get their way and the consumer who pays. JSo how did we get to where we are today? In the late 1980s and early 1990s, the industry was entirely privatised. It was recognised that there were natural monopoly elements and so prices in these areas were regulated. At the same time, the regula
46、tor was given a duty to promote competition. From 1998, all domestic energy consumers could switch supplier for the first time and then wholesale markets were liberalised, allowing energy companies to source the cheapest forms of energy. Arguably, this was the high water mark of the liberalisation o
47、f the industry. KPrivatisation was a great success. Instead of investment policy being dictated by the impulses of government and interest groups, it became dictated by long-term commercial considerations. Sadly, the era of liberalised markets, rising efficiency and lower bills did not last long. Bo
48、th the recent Labour governments and the coalition have pursued similar policies of intervention after intervention to send the energy industry almost back to where it started. LOne issue that unites left and many on the paternalist right is that of energy security. We certainly need government inte
49、rvention to keep the lights on and ensure that we are not over-dependent on energy from unstable countries. But it should also be noted that there is nothing more insecure than energy arising from a policy determined by vested interests without any concern for commercial considerations. Energy security will not be achieved by requiring energy companies to invest in expensive sources of supply and by making past inv
