1、大学英语四级改革适用（段落翻译）模拟试卷 334及答案与解析 一、 Part Translation 1 京剧 (Peking Opera)，中国五大戏曲剧种之一，是中国流行最广、影响最大的剧种，被视为中国国粹。京剧吸收了一些地方民间曲调，通过不断的交流、融合而成。京剧深受世界各地人民的喜爱，成为介绍、传播中国传统艺术文化的重要媒介。 2006年 5月 20日，经 国务院 (the State Council)批准，京剧被列入第一批国家级非物质文化遗产名录。 2 十二生肖 (Chinese zodiac)是由鼠、牛、虎、兔、蛇、马、羊、猴、鸡、狗、猪等十一种自然界中的动物以及神话传说中的龙所组
2、成的。最早关于十二生肖的记载见于东汉思想家王充的名著论衡。十二生肖在古代用以纪年，一个生肖代表一年，十二年一个轮回。十二生肖是中国传统文化的重要组成部分，和老百姓的生活息息相关，人们通常认为人的性格特点和自己的生肖有关。 3 论语 (The Analects)是一本记载中国古代著名思想家孔子及其弟子言行的语录，是儒家最重要的一部经典著作，被 称为中国版 “圣经 (Bible)”。 儒家思想 (Confucianism)影响了我们的政治经济、伦理道德、思维方式、价值观念和风俗习惯等众多方面。在中华文明的历史进程中，儒家思想对中华民族的精神内核和文化起到了重要的引导作用。中庸之道也成了中华民族的一
3、个重要特色。 4 四大名著 (the Four Great Classical Novels)是指罗贯中的 三国演义 (Romance of the Three Kingdoms)，吴承恩的西游记 ，施耐庵的 水浒传 (Water Margin)和曹雪芹的红楼梦。这四部小说是中国文学的灿烂瑰宝，历久不衰，其中的故事情节深深地影响了中国人的思想观念和价值取向。比如，红楼梦生动描绘了封建社会上层贵族的生活，是当时历史生活的一面镜子和缩影，是封建社会走向没落的真实写照。 5 儒家 (the Confucian school)，先秦诸子百家之一，其创始人是孔子。儒家是中国传统文化的代名词，是国学的核心
4、。儒家思想，自汉代以来至今，在绝大部分历史时期都是中国的主流价值观 ，但也有低迷时期。其对中国文化影响深远，是中国传统中责任、 节制 (abstinence)和忠孝思想的基础。即使在科技发达的今天，儒家思想也具有非常重要的现实意义和价值。现代企业管理中也融入了不少儒家思想。 大学英语四级改革适用（段落翻译）模拟试卷 334答案与解析 一、 Part Translation 1 【正确答案】 Peking Opera, one of the five major operas in China, is the most widely prevalent and the most influent
5、ial opera, which is considered as the quintessence of Chinese culture. Peking Opera has absorbed some local folk tunes and been produced through constant communication and integration. It is very popular among people all over the world, and has become an important medium to introduce and spread Chin
6、ese traditional art and culture. Peking Opera, approved by the State Council, has been included in the first state-level intangible cultural heritage list on May 20, 2006. 【知识模块】 翻译 2 【正确答案】 Chinese zodiac consists of eleven animals from nature, like rat, ox, tiger, rabbit, snake, horse, goat, monke
7、y, rooster, dog, pig, and one from the myth and legend, dragon. The record about Chinese zodiac first appeared in a book named Lun Heng, written by Wang Chonga thinker in the Eastern Han Dynasty. In ancient times, Chinese zodiac is used for numbering years: one animal stands for a year and twelve ye
8、ars a cycle. The Chinese zodiac is an important part of Chinese traditional culture, which is closely related to people s daily life. People usually believe that one s character is connected with his or her zodiac. 【知识模块】 翻译 3 【正确答案】 The Analects is a collection of sayings which records the words an
9、d deeds of the famous thinker Confucius of ancient China and his disciples. It is the most important classic of the Confucian school and is called the “Bible“ in Chinese version. Confucianism has an influence on many aspects of our lives, such as politics, economy, ethics, mindset, values and custom
10、s. Besides, it plays a major role in the guidance of Chinese spiritual essence and culture during the historical process of Chinese civilization. The golden mean has also become an important feature of Chinese nation. 【知识模块】 翻译 4 【正确答案】 The Four Great Classical Novels refer to Romance of the Three K
11、ingdoms, written by Luo Guanzhong, Journey to the West, written by Wu Cheng en, Water Margin, written by Shi Nai an and A Dream in Red Mansions, written by Cao Xueqin. These four novels are the brilliant treasures and the most enduring works in the history of Chinese literature, and the plots of the
12、se classical novels have profoundly influenced Chinese ideology and value orientation. For instance, A Dream in Red Mansions, which describes vividly the life of the upper nobility in the feudal society, is a mirror and miniature of the real life at that time, and also a true reflection of the decli
13、ning feudal society. 【知识模块】 翻译 5 【正确答案】 The Confucian school, one of the pre-Qin schools of thought, was found by Confucius. It is the representation and core of Chinese traditional culture. Since the Han Dynasty, Confucianism has been the Chinese mainstream value in most times, but there are also d
14、ownturns. It has influenced Chinese culture profoundly and become the basis of responsibility, abstinence and loyalty and filial piety in Chinese tradition. Confucianism is also of important realistic significance and value even in this technologically advanced era, which has been integrated into modern business management as well. 【知识模块】 翻译
