1、大学英语四级分类模拟题 334 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：0，分数：0.00)The Abortion Clinic Shootings: Why?A. As the nation heard with sorrow the news of the deplorable shooting spree at abortion facilities in Brookline, the question is asked: Why? Why this sudden rise of violence in this ar
2、ea? B. I have been intricately involved in the anti-abortion movement for more than a decade. I have led thousands of people in peaceful anti-abortion activism via Operation Rescue. Hence, I enjoy a perspective few have. So I submit these answers to the question “Why?“ C. The anti-abortion movement
3、will argue that the call to take nonviolent direct action to save preborn children inevitably leads to the use of lethal force. This argument is ludicrousunless one is prepared to argue that Gandhi“s nonviolent civil disobedience in India during the 1930s led to the murder of British officials; or t
4、hat Dr. Martin Luther King“s nonviolent civil disobedience led to the violent actions that accompanied the civil rights movement in the United States during the 1960s. D. So why, then, this recent violent outburst? Law enforcement officials need look no further than Roe v. Wade and Congress and the
5、President need look no further than the Freedom of Access to Clinic Entrances Act to understand the roots of the shootings. E. The Supreme Court“s attempt to overthrow Law (capital “L“) in order to legalize and legitimize abortion has led to the inevitablea disregard of or contempt for law. The cour
6、t“s Lawlessness is breeding Lawlessness. The court cannot betray the foundation of law and civilizationthe Ten Commandments and then expect a people to act “lawful“ and “civilized.“ F. Let us look at the abortion industry itself. Just as segregation and accompanying violence possess the seeds for fu
7、rther violence, likewise it appears that the Law of sowing and reaping is being visited upon the abortion industry. G. Now to Congress and the judiciary. Similar to the civil rights activists, anti-abortion activists have often been brutalized at the hands of police and then subjected to vulgar inju
8、stices in sundry courts of law. Add to this the Freedom of Access to Clinic Entrances Act, which turns peaceful anti-abortion activists into federal felons and perhaps one can understand the frustration and anger that growing in Americans. H. The abortion industry can partly blame itself for the rec
9、ent shootings. It clamored for harsh treatment of peaceful anti-abortion activists, and it usually got it. Now it has to deal with an emerging violent fringe. John F. Kennedy stated, “Those who make peaceful revolution impossible will make violent revolution inevitable.“ One would think the pro-choi
10、ce crowd would belatedly heed the late president“s warning, but they haven“t. They“re urging an all too political Justice Department to launch a witch hunt into the lives of peaceful anti-abortion activists and leaders. Make no mistake what the pro-choice people want is to pressure law enforcement a
11、nd the courts to intimidate anti-abortion activists. I. To those who support the recent shootings or herald John Salvi as a hero, I ask you: Has God authorized one person to be policeman, judge, jury, and executioner? Is it logical to leap from nonviolent life-saving activities to lethal force? Read
12、 you history! Remember the principles of Calvin, Knox, and Cromwell concerning lower magistrates. Are you calling for revolution? Please consider these questions before calling someone who walks into a clinic and starts randomly shooting people a hero. J. So what can be done to curtail this trend? F
13、irst, the Freedom of Access to Clinic Entrances Act should be repealed immediately. This oppressive law is an outrage. K. Second, the courts must stop abusing anti-abortion activists. We must be accorded the same tolerance and leniency that every politically correct protester receives nationwide, i.
14、e., small fines, two days in jail, charges dismissed, etc. L. Finally, and this is most urgent, abortion must be brought to an immediate end. Whether the Supreme Court declares the personhood and inalienable right to life of preborn children or the Constitution is amended or the President signs an “
15、Emancipation Proclamation“ for children or Congress outlaws abortion outfight, we must bring a swift end to it.（分数：25.00）(1).The Supreme Court has tried to overthrow the law in order to save the preborn children.（分数：2.50）(2).People advocating the legalization of abortion haven“t noticed President Ke
16、nnedy“s warning.（分数：2.50）(3).We must give the same tolerance and mercy to anti-abortion activists as others.（分数：2.50）(4).The call that to take nonviolent anti-abortion activities will give rise to fatal force is ridiculous.（分数：2.50）(5).The brutality against anti-abortion activists arouses growing an
17、ger and frustration in Americans.（分数：2.50）(6).Abortion must be brought to an end immediately in order not to cause further violence.（分数：2.50）(7).I have been involved in peaceful anti-abortion activism for more than ten years.（分数：2.50）(8).The abortion industry should be partly responsible for the rec
18、ent shootings because of its demand for cruel treatment against peaceful anti-abortion activists.（分数：2.50）(9).The Freedom of Access to Clinic Entrances Act is an outrage.（分数：2.50）(10).For pro-choice people, they hope for a witch hunt to prevent all dissent against abortion.（分数：2.50）How to Make Peace
19、 with Your WorkloadA. Swamped (忙碌的), under the gun, just struggling to stay above water; whatever office clich you employ to depict it, we“ve all been in that situation where we feel like we might be swallowed up by our workload. Nonetheless many a way may be used to manage your to-do list to preven
20、t feeling overwhelmed. How to make peace with your workload once and for all goes as follows. B. Get organized. “Clear the deadwood out of your desk and keep your office in shape, which enhances your capability to handle other tasks and raises the probability that you“ll retrieve the items you do ne
21、ed in a faster and easier fashion,“ says Jeff Davidson who works as a work/life expert and writer of more than 50 books on workplace issues. “When something can be disposed, let it go, given in reality most of what you retain is replaceable.“ Joel Rudy, vice president of operations for Photographic
22、Solutions, with better than thirty years of business management experience, believes that keeping organized is a must. “Messy work areas are nonproductive in some measure. Provided that you can“t locate a document or report easily because it“s lost in a pile of mess, then you have a problematic situ
23、ation,“ he says. “Thereby you are supposed to take the time to tidy up your work areas and keep your important files, manuals and reports in an accessible location, which will maximize your efficiencies.“ C. Make a to-do list, then cover it up. It may sound weird, but it works, says Jessica Carlson,
24、 an account executive at Bluefish Design Studio which is an advertising consulting firm. Carlson urges her team to utilize to-do lists to stay on track and highlight items that are a priority. “Cover up the list, with the exception of one high-priority task at one time,“ she suggests. “This will all
25、ow you to focus better on the task at hand; otherwise, it will he easy to get overwhelmed if you“re reading through a to-do list that spans an entire page. Concentrating on a single item will make your tasks appear like they are more doable,“ Carlson says. D. Stop multitasking. Despite what you may
26、consider multitasking, it“s counterproductive. Unless you“re drinking coffee while scanning your morning e-mails, you“re not saving any time by attempting to do ten things at once. “If you find yourself getting tangled in too many things, it may be of much necessity of you to re-evaluate your involv
27、ement,“ Rudy says. “Your mind will wander from one topic to another and you may end up never accomplishing a thing.“ Rudy recommends the best way to stop multitasking is to create priority lists with deadlines. “When applicable, complete one project before you move further on to the next one,“ he sa
28、ys. E. Set time limits. Deborah Chaddock Brown, a work-at-home single parent, says she“s frequently overwhelmed by the demands of maintaining order in her residence and running her own business. Still, she manages to “do it all“ by setting a time limit for each task. “I have the type of personality
29、that flits (轻轻地掠过) from thing to thing because I do have so much on my plate,“ Brown says. “As a consequence I assign time slots: For the next 15 minutes I will participate in social media for the purpose of marketing my business (not sending photos or playing Farmville) and that is the only thing I
30、 am about to do for the next 15 minutes. When the time is up, I move on to the next task. That way, at night I don“t end up with a pile of tasks to accomplish even though I felt busy all day.“ F. Talk to your manager. “Quite often, people are working on things that are no longer a top priority, but
31、someone forgot to tell them (that they“re no longer important). There are usually clear priorities in the manager“s head; he or she has just not done a great job communicating those with the employee,“ says Holly Green, CEO of The Human Factor . Green“s suggestion unfolds in this manner: “If you fin
32、d yourself confronted with too many responsibilities, sit down, note the significant things you are in charge of, and go to your manager to have a conversation to discuss priorities, trade-offs, time commitments and interdependencies required to do each thing well, and then ask what you should stop
33、working on or work on less so you can get the right things done.“ Green says managers should be willing to help sort out priorities, so long as employees have a can-do approach and aren“t just complaining about their workload. G. Eliminate time wasters. “If interruptions are keeping you from your re
34、sponsibilities, learn how to deal with them accordingly,“ says Eileen Roth, author of Organizing for Dummies . Roth proposes the following suggestions to combat disruptions: “Use voice mail to cut down on telephone interruptions, turn off the alert that says “You“ve got an e-mail“; and give staff me
35、mbers a set time to visit you.“ Justin Gramm, president of Globella Buyers Realty, exemplifies Roth“s point. “E-mail had been a big time waster for me in the past because it was a constant interruption, causing me to lose focus on the task at hand,“ he says. Since determined to check his e-mails onl
36、y twice a day, Gramm says he has become much more efficient. “If people want to get more work done, they need to stop checking e-mails and get down to business,“ he says. H. Assess your workload before taking on new tasks. “The paradox of today“s work environment is that the more you do, the more th
37、at“s expected of you,“ Davidson says. In order to better assess your workload, Davidson suggests asking yourself the following questions before agreeing to undertake new responsibilities: Is the task aligned (使一致) with your priorities and goals; Are you likely to be as prone to saying yes to such a
38、request tomorrow or next week; What else could you do that would be more rewarding; Will he or she be crushed if you say no? I. Want to know more? Most of our experts recommended books for additional tips on how to maximize efficiency, but one book was mentioned time and again. Check out The Seven H
39、abits of Highly Effective People .（分数：25.00）(1).Taking time to tidy up work areas will maximize your efficiencies.（分数：2.50）(2).Deborah Chaddock Brown finds she is overwhelmed trying to make a balance between business and housework.（分数：2.50）(3).There are many useful methods of preventing people from
40、feeling overwhelmed by workload.（分数：2.50）(4).To know more about how to maximize efficiency, The Seven Habits of Highly Effective People is recommended.（分数：2.50）(5).Davidson says, today“s paradox is the more one does, the more he is expected to do.（分数：2.50）(6).Focusing on one single thing will make y
41、our tasks appear more possible to be done.（分数：2.50）(7).In Organizing for Dummies , using voice mail to cut down on telephone interruptions is suggested in combating interruptions.（分数：2.50）(8).Rudy said, the best way to stop multitasking is to make a list Xu“s Yale lab is more productive, thanks to t
42、he lower costs of conducting research in China, and Chinese graduate students, post-doctors and faculty get on-the-job training from a world-class scientist and his U.S. team. F. As a result of its strength in science, the United States has consistently led the world in the commercialization of majo
43、r new technologies, from the mainframe computer and integrated circuit of the 1960s to the Internet infrastructure (基础设施) and applications software of the 1990s. The link between university-based science and industrial application is often indirect but sometimes highly visible: Silicon Valley was in
44、tentionally created by Stanford University, and Route 128 outside Boston has long housed companies spun off from MIT and Harvard. Around the world, governments have encouraged copying of this model, perhaps most successfully in Cambridge, England, where Microsoft and scores of other leading software
45、 and biotechnology companies have set up shop around the university. G. For all its success, the United States remains deeply hesitant about sustaining the research-university model. Most politicians recognize the link between investment in science and national economic strength, but support for res
46、earch funding has been unsteady. The budget of the National Institutes of Health doubled between 1998 and 2003, but has risen more slowly than inflations since then. Support for the physical sciences and engineering barely kept pace with inflation during that same period. The attempt to make up lost
47、 ground is welcome, but the nation would be better served by steady, predictable increases in science funding at the rate of long-term GDP growth, which is on the order of inflation plus 3 percent per year. H. American politicians have great difficulty recognizing that admitting more foreign student
48、s can greatly promote the national interest by increasing international understanding. Adjusted for inflation, public funding for international exchanges and foreign-language study is well below the levels of 40 years ago. In the wake of September 11, changes in the visa process caused a dramatic de
49、cline in the number of foreign students seeking admission to U.S. universities, and a corresponding surge in enrollments in Australia, Singapore and the U.K. Objections from American university and business leaders led to improvements in the process and a reversal of the decline, but the United States is still seen by many as unwelcoming to international students. I. Most Americans recognize that universities contribute to the nation“s well-being through their scientific research, but many fear that foreign students threaten American competitiveness by taking their knowledge and skills b
