1、大学英语四级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷 165及答案与解析 Section C 0 If youre finding it tough to land a job, try expanding your job-hunting plan to include the following strategies: Set your target. While you should always keep your options open to compromise, you should also be sure to target exactly what you want in a job.
2、A specific job hunt will be more efficient than a random one. Schedule abundant interviews. Use every possible method to get interviewsanswering ads, using search firms, contacting companies directly, surfing the Web, and networking. Even if a job is not perfect for you, every interview can make you
3、 learn from it. Follow up. Even if someone does not hire you, write them a thank-you note for the interview. Then, some weeks later, send another brief letter to explain that you still have not found the perfect position and that you will be available to interview again if the original position you
4、applied for or any other position, for that matter is open. Do this with every position you interview for, and you may just catch a break. Make it your full-time job. You cant find a job by looking infrequently. You have to make time for it. If youre unemployed and looking for a job, devote as much
5、time as you would to a full-time job. If you have a job while youre looking, figure out an organized schedule to maximize your searching time. Network vertically (纵向地 ). In the research phase of your job hunt, talk to people who are on a level above you in your desired industry. Theyll have some ins
6、ights that people at your own level wont have, and will be in a good position to hire you or recommend you to be hired. Keep your spirits up. Looking for a job is one of the toughest things you will ever have to do. Maintain your confidence, stay persistent, and think positively, and eventually you
7、will get a job that suits you. 1 According to the author, your job-hunting plan had better be as _ as possible. （ A） random （ B） clear （ C） fixed （ D） complex 2 The “search firms“ are most probably_. （ A） companies that have vacant posts available （ B） companies that supply website-search service （
8、C） companies that provide job-hunting service （ D） companies that study job market and employment rate 3 When hunting a job, youd better communicate with people on a level above you because _. （ A） they will hire you soon （ B） they will ask someone to hire you （ C） you will benefit from their fame （
9、 D） you can learn from them 4 As indicated in the passage, in order to get a suitable job, you should _. （ A） always keep an optimistic spirit （ B） mainly focus on a full-time job （ C） apply for one job at one time （ D） follow other peoples footsteps 5 Whats the best title for this passage? （ A） Int
10、erview Strategies. （ B） Interview Ceremony. （ C） Job-hunting Experience. （ D） Job-hunting Strategies. 5 It is easier to negotiate initial salary requirement because once you are inside, the organizational constraints (约束 ) influence wage increases. One thing, however, is certain: your chances of get
11、ting the raise you feel you deserve are less if you dont at least ask for it. Men tend to ask for more, and they get more, and this holds true with other resources, not just pay increases. Consider Beths story: I did not get what I wanted when I did not ask for it. We had cubicle (小隔间 ) offices and
12、window offices. I sat in the cubicles with several male colleagues. One by one they were moved into window offices, while I remained in the cubicles. Several males who were hired after me also went to offices. One in particular told me he was next in line for an office and that it had been part of h
13、is negotiations for the job. I guess they thought me content to stay in the cubicles since I did not voice my opinion either way. It would be nice if we all received automatic pay increases equal to our merit, but “nice“ isnt a quality attributed to most organizations. If you feel you deserve a sign
14、ificant raise in pay, youll probably have to ask for it. Performance is your best bargaining chip (筹码 ) when you are seeking a raise. You must be able to demonstrate that you deserve a raise. Timing is also a good bargaining chip. If you can give your boss something he or she needs (a new client or
15、a sizable contract, for example) just before merit pay decisions are being made, you are more likely to get the raise you want Use information as a bargaining chip too. Find out what you are worth on the open market. What will someone else pay for your services? Go into the negotiations prepared to
16、place your chips on the table at the appropriate time and prepared to use communication style to guide the direction of the interaction. 6 According to the passage, before taking a job, a person should_. （ A） demonstrate his capability （ B） give his boss a good impression （ C） ask for as much money
17、as he can （ D） ask for the salary he hopes to get 7 What can be inferred from Beths story? （ A） Prejudice against women still exists in some organizations. （ B） If people want what they deserve, they have to ask for it. （ C） People should not be content with what they have got （ D） People should be
18、careful when negotiating for a job. 8 We can learn from the passage that_. （ A） unfairness exists in salary increases （ B） most people are overworked and underpaid （ C） one should avoid overstating ones performance （ D） most organizations give their staff automatic pay raises 9 To get a pay raise, a
19、 person should_. （ A） advertise himself on the job market （ B） persuade his boss to sign a long-term contract （ C） try to get inside information about the organization （ D） do something to impress his boss just before merit pay decisions 10 To be successful in negotiations, one must_. （ A） meet his
20、boss at the appropriate time （ B） arrive at the negotiation table punctually （ C） be good at influencing the outcome of the interaction （ D） be familiar with what the boss likes and dislikes 10 President Coolidges statement, “The business of America is business,“ still points to an important truth t
21、oday that business institutions have more prestige (威望 ) in American society than any other kind of organization, including the government. Why do business institutions possess this great prestige? One reason is that Americans view business as being more firmly based on the ideal of competition than
22、 other institutions in society. Since competition is seen as the major source of progress and prosperity by most Americans, competitive business institutions are respected Competition is not only good in itself, it is the means by which other basic American values such as individual freedom, equalit
23、y of opportunity, and hard work are protected. Competition protects the freedom of the individual by ensuring that there is no monopoly (垄断 ) of power. In contrast to one, all-powerful government, many businesses compete against each other for profits. Theoretically, if one business tries to take un
24、fair advantage of its customers, it will lose to competing business which treats its customers more fairly. Where many businesses compete for the customers dollar, they cannot afford to treat them like inferiors or slaves. A contrast is often made between business, which is competitive, and governme
25、nt, which is a monopoly. Because business is competitive, many Americans believe that it is more supportive of freedom than government, even though government leaders are elected by the people and business leaders are not. Many Americans believe, then, that competition is as important, or even more
26、important, than democracy in preserving freedom. Competition in business is also believed to strengthen the ideal of equality of opportunity. Competition is seen as an open and fair race where success goes to the swiftest person regardless of his or her social class background. Competitive success i
27、s commonly seen as the American alternative to social rank based on family background. Business is therefore viewed as an expression of the idea of equality of opportunity rather than the aristocratic (贵族的 ) idea of inherited privilege. 11 The statement “The business of America is business“ probably
28、 means “_“. （ A） The business institutions in America are concerned with commerce （ B） Business problems are of great importance to the American government （ C） Business is of primary concern to Americans （ D） America is a great power in world business 12 Americans believe that they can realize thei
29、r personal values only_. （ A） when given equality of opportunity （ B） through doing business （ C） by protecting their individual freedom （ D） by way of competition 13 Who can benefit from business competition? （ A） Honest businessmen. （ B） Both businessmen and their customers. （ C） People with ideal
30、s of equality and freedom. （ D） Both business institutions and government. 14 Government is believed to differ strikingly from business in that government is characterized by_. （ A） its absolute control of power （ B） its function in preserving personal freedom （ C） its role in protecting basic Ameri
31、can values （ D） its democratic way of exercising leadership 15 It can be inferred from the passage that the author believes _. （ A） Americans are more ambitious than people in other countries （ B） in many countries success often depends on ones social status （ C） American businesses are more democra
32、tic than those in other countries （ D） businesses in other countries are not as competitive as those in America 15 Henry Ford, the famous U.S. inventor and car manufacturer, once said, “The business of America is business.“ By this he meant that the U.S. way of life is based on the values of the bus
33、iness world. Few would argue with Fords statement. A brief glimpse at a daily newspaper vividly shows how much people in the United States think about business. For example, nearly every newspaper has a business section, in which the deals and projects, finances and management, stock prices and labo
34、r problems of corporations are reported daily. In addition, business news can appear in every other section. Most national news has an important financial aspect to it. Welfare, foreign aid, the federal budget, and the policies of the Federal Reserve Bank are all heavily affected by business. Moreov
35、er, business news appears in some of the unlikeliest places. The world of arts and entertainment is often referred to as “the entertainment industry“ or “show business.“ The positive side of Henry Fords statement can be seen in the prosperity that business has brought to U.S. life. One of the most i
36、mportant reasons so many people from all over the world come to live in the United States is the dream of a better job. Jobs are produced in abundance (大量 ) because the U.S. economic system is driven by competition. People believe that this system creates more wealth, more jobs, and a materially bet
37、ter way of life. The negative side of Henry Fords statement, however, can be seen when the word business is taken to mean big business. And the term big business referring to the biggest companies, is seen in opposition to labor. Throughout U.S. history working people have had to fight hard for high
38、er wages, better working conditions, and the right to form unions. Today, many of the old labor disputes are over, but there is still some employee anxiety. Downsizing the laying off of thousands of workers to keep expenses low and profits high creates feelings of insecurity for many. 16 The United
39、States is a typical country _. （ A） which encourages free trade at home and abroad （ B） where peoples chief concern is how to make money （ C） where all businesses are managed scientifically （ D） which normally works according to the federal budget 17 The influence of business in the U.S. is evidence
40、d by the fact that_. （ A） most newspapers are run by big businesses （ B） even public organizations concentrate on working for profits （ C） Americans of all professions know how to do business （ D） even arts and entertainment are regarded as business 18 According to the passage, immigrants choose to
41、settle in the U.S., dreaming that_. （ A） they can start profitable businesses there （ B） they can be more competitive in business （ C） they will make a fortune overnight there （ D） they will find better chances of employment 19 Henry Fords statement can be taken negatively because _. （ A） working pe
42、ople are discouraged to fight for their rights （ B） there are many industries controlled by a few big capitalists （ C） there is a conflicting relationship between big corporations and labor （ D） public services are not run by the federal government 20 A companys efforts to keep expenses low and prof
43、its high may result in_. （ A） reduction in the number of employees （ B） improvement of working conditions （ C） fewer disputes between labor and management （ D） a rise in workers wages 大学英语四级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷 165答案与解析 Section C 【知识模块】 仔细阅读 1 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 事实细节题。第 2段第 3句是一个表示对比的句子，表明了找工作应该 specific，而不应该
44、random，由此可确定 B是正确选项。本题较具干扰性的是选项 C，但是 specific(明确的 )并不表示找工作的计划应该 fixed(不能改变 )，而且 fixed与第 2句中的 compromise(折中 )表达的意思矛盾，因此选项 C不正确。 【知识模块】 仔细阅读 2 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 词义推断题。本题可用排除法通过对比得出正确答案。文中第 3段第 2句列举了安排面试的方法，选项 A其实与该句第三个方法中的 companies所指一致；选项 B与句中最后两个方法重叠了：选项 D根本不能表达 search的意思；所以只有 C是正确的。 【知识模块】 仔细阅读 3 【正
45、确答案】 D 【试题解析】 推理判断题。本题考查复合句的理解。从倒数第 2段第 3句的定语从句可见，和高一层次的人物交谈，主要是因为他们具有你所不具备的 insights，由此可推断出和他们交谈可以向他们学习，即选项 D。选项 A和 B中因为有 hire一词，因此看起来与原文有相似之处，但是选项 A和 B中的 will表示的语气过于绝对，与原文中 be in a good position(易于 )不相符。 【知识模块】 仔细阅读 4 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 事实细节题。选项 A是对文章末段第 1句和最后 一句中的confidence， persistent和 positively等说
46、法的近义替换。最具干扰性的是选项 B，该选项与文中第 5段 “Make it your full-time job ”在字面上很相近，但是该句的意思并不是建议找一份全职的工作，而是说要把求职当作一份工作那样认真对待。 【知识模块】 仔细阅读 5 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 主旨大意题。文章开头第 1句即点明全文中心 想找到理想的工作，请尝试以下的策略；接着文中每一段分别指出了一条策略，每一条都用简洁的祈使句句式表达，使 读者对文章要点一目了然。本题最具干扰性的是选项 A，文章的前半部分都是与 interview有关的，但是 interview的策略也只是文章的部分内容，而不能概括全文，因此
47、 A不正确。 【知识模块】 仔细阅读 【知识模块】 仔细阅读 6 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 推理判断题。根据文章第 1句。开头立论： “It is easier to negotiate initial salary requirement在进入公司以前就谈妥你的最初工资要求要更容易些 ”。因此，在接受一份工作前应该先提出期 望薪金要求，即 D。注意 C中 as muchas he can意思太绝对，不妥。 【知识模块】 仔细阅读 7 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 推理判断题。 Beth的故事是为了证明第 1段提出的观点，主要依据第 2段第 1句，第 3段最后一句再次印证。核心词为 a
48、sk for。 【知识模块】 仔细阅读 8 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 推理判断题。从 Beth的故事中不难总结出：如果你要求加薪或提升，你可能就会得到满足；你如果不要求，老板就可能不予考虑。因此在 salary increase中含有很大的主观因素，故而 unfair。直接依据为第 3段第 1句。 【知识模块】 仔细阅读 9 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 事实细节题。根据倒数第 3段， performance“工作表现 ”，timing“抓住时机 ”和 information“利用信息 ”是加薪的三大筹码。 D与其中对timing的阐述一致。 【知识模块】 仔细阅读 10 【正确答案】
49、 C 【试题解析】 事实细节题。最后一段指出，带着准备好的筹码去跟老板商谈加薪，并在合适的时候拿出来，而且要运用一定的交际手段引导谈判 的发展方向，即 C。注意其中 place your chips on the table at the appropriate time“在适当的时候拿出筹码 ”不等于 A中的 meet his boss at the appropriate time。 【知识模块】 仔细阅读 【知识模块】 仔细阅读 11 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 词义理解题。回答本题的关键是理解 business的两个不同的含义： 商业，生意； 职责，事物，事。句中前一个 business的意思应当是 “事物，职责 ”，而后一 个 business的意思应当是 “商业 ”，因此 C为正确答案。 【知识模块】 仔细阅读 12 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 事实细节题。解题关键在于对第 2段最后一句定语从句的理解。该句指出竞争是对基本美国价值的保护伞，故可知， D为正确答案。 【知识模块】 仔细阅读 13 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 推理判断题
