1、公共英语四级-165 及答案解析(总分：55.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Health implies more than physical fitness. It also implies mental and emotional well-being. An angry, frustrated, emotionally 1 person in good physical condition is not 2 healthy. Mental health, therefore, bas much to do 3 how
2、a person copes with the world as she/he exists. Many of the factors that 4 physical health also affect mental and emotional well-being. Having a good self-image means that people have positive 5 pictures and good, positive feelings about themselves, about what they are capable 6 , and about the role
3、s they play. People with good self-images like themselves, and they are 7 like others. Having a good self-image is based 8 a realistic 9 of one“s own worth and value and capabilities. Stress is an unavoidable, necessary, and potentially healthful 10 of our society. People of all ages 11 stress. Chil
4、dren begin to 12 stress during prenatal development and during childbirth. Examples of stress inducing 13 in the life of a young person are death of a pet, pressure to 14 academically, the divorce of parents, or joining a new youth group. The different ways in which individuals 15 to stress may brin
5、g healthful or unhealthy results. One person experiencing a great deal of stress may function exceptionally well 16 another may be unable to function at all. If stressful situations are continually encountered, the individual“s physical, social, and mental health are eventually affected. Satisfying
6、social relations are vital to 17 mental and emotional health. It is believed that in order to, 18 , develop, and maintain effective and fulfilling social relationships people must 19 the ability to know and trust each other, understand each other, influence and help each other. They must also be cap
7、able of 20 conflicts in a constructive way.（分数：20.00）A.unstableB.unsureC.impreciseD.impracticalA.normallyB.generallyC.virtuallyD.necessarilyA.onB.atC.toD.withA.signifyB.influenceC.predictD.markA.intellectualB.sensualC.spiritualD.mentalA.to be doingB.with doingC.to doD.of doingA.able better toB.able
8、to betterC.better to ableD.better able toA.onB.fromC.atD.aboutA.assessmentB.decisionC.determinationD.assistanceA.idealityB.realizationC.realismD.realityA.occurB.engageC.confrontD.encounterA.tolerateB.sustainC.experienceD.undertakeA.evidenceB.accidentsC.adventuresD.eventsA.acquireB.achieveC.obtainD.f
9、ulfilA.respondB.returnC.retortD.replyA.why.B.whenC.whileD.whereA.soundB.all roundC.entireD.wholeA.illuminateB.enunciateC.enumerateD.initiateA.accessB.assessC.processD.possessA.resolvingB.salutingC.desolationD.solving二、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Passage 1(总题数：1，分数：5.00)So the book titled “The
10、 Rape of Nanking: The Forgotten Holocaust of World War ,“ by 30-year-old Chinese-American writer Iris Chang has the Japanese critics stirred up. Everyone from the former Japanese ambassador in Washington and Japan“s powerful conservative commentators down to the rightwing academics and ultranational
11、ist fanatics has denounced it for emotional errors and distortions. Where the Japanese can claim just a glimmer of morality was that they only killed those Asians suspected of being anti-Japan. They tried to be nice to those considered to be pro-Japan. Nazi killings of the Jew showed few such mercie
12、s. But while Germany today apologizes, Japan prevaricates. Especially ugly is the way rightwingers and conservatives here airily dismiss the need to dredge up details of the past, but then pounce with minute detail on minor discrepancies in otherwise undeniable accounts of past atrocities. A doubtfu
13、l statistic on page 176 or one misplaced photo on page 274 is enough to slam the author and argue that maybe was no atrocity to begin with. Equally ugly is the official habit of denying wrongdoings by claiming there are no official records. One reason for the absence of those records, of course, was
14、 the official policy of destroying all incriminating records as soon as the war ended. The only reason we now know in detail about the Chinese forced laborers is because the only one of the many meticulous wartime reports on the subject not to suffer destruction at war“s end accidentally fell into t
15、he hands of the Taiwan authorities and could not be denied. In Europe today any attempt to deny Nazi atrocities is a one-way ticket to denigration and possibly jail. In Japan today atrocity denial can easily be the path to fame and adulation in the conservative factions that control this nation. On
16、top of all this is the curious rightwing logic that says continued Chinese unhappiness over past and current wrongs is evidence that deep down the Chinese have always hated Japan, and therefore never needed to be apologized to in the first place. Whether or not Nanjing suffered the amount of violenc
17、e claimed by Chang is irrelevant. Whatever account we look at, it is clear that Japanese soldiers there killed and raped in large numbers. Indeed, ever since the first Japanese aggression against China in 1895, the Chinese nation has been raped repeatedly by Japan. The Chinese are a proud people. To
18、day they are asked not just to live with the rapist and accept his halfhearted apologies, but also to put up with backhanded claims that maybe the rape was deserved, or never happened at all. They also see a postwar Japan that has prospered through joining the United States in an alliance aimed to k
19、eep the former China victim backward and contained, and a Japanese rightwing trying hard to help detach some of the booty from the first 1895 “rape,“ namely Taiwan. If I were a Chinese I would be very angry. Probably even angrier than Iris Chang.（分数：5.00）(1).According to the author, “The Rape of Nan
20、jing“ stirred up the Japanese critics because they _ .（分数：1.00）A.want to apologize to the ChineseB.want to deny the factC.want to be treated fairD.want to challenge the world(2).Speaking of morality, the Japanese _ .（分数：1.00）A.were no better than NaziB.were better than NaziC.had a high standardD.had
21、 a low standard(3).According the text, which of the following is not true?（分数：1.00）A.Many wartime reports were destroyed.B.Chinese people are generous.C.Germany will never deny Nazi atrocities.D.Most Japanese admit the Nanjing massacre.(4).By saying that “If I were a Chinese I would be very angry, “
22、the author means _ .（分数：1.00）A.his above comments are justifiedB.indicating his hatredC.he has been to China and knows ChineseD.he likes Japanese culture but not its trick(5).How does the author feel about the Japanese attitude?（分数：1.00）A.Indifferent.B.Disappointed.C.Critical.D.Pessimistic.五、Passage
23、 2(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Bacteria are microscopic organisms which live on the surface of objects. They are one of the most ancient living things, which exist on this planet for nearly 4,000 million years. Do you know the size of bacteria? It can only be measured in microns. Maybe you have not a standard in
24、your mind how long a micron is. One micron is a thousandth of a millimeter, which equals about the diameter of a pinhead. Therefore, even if we enlarged the rounded bacterium a thousand times, it would only be the size of a pinhead. We barely see bacteria by a magnification an ordinary microscope of
25、 100 times, even if we try, we cannot make out anything of their structure. There are normally millions of them together, for they can multiply really fast. Scientists have found that some bacteria have attached to wavy-looking “hairs“ called flagella. The flagella rotate, pushing the bacteria throu
26、gh the water. Others can glide along over surfaces by some little-understood mechanism. Bacteria are so small that they are influenced by the movements of the chemical molecules around them. They are active all the time. Even the bacteria without flagella often bound about in the water. They are pus
27、hed here and there, colliding with the watery molecules. Bacteria cannot be detected because they don“t produce bad odor or change the color or texture of the food. Therefore, when people eat the food with many bacteria, they are likely to get hepatitis A, acute gastroenteritis and a host of other i
28、llnesses. Many households have refrigerators to prevent from bacteria. Of course, freezing food slows or stops the growth of bacteria, however, when food is thawed, the bacteria will become reactivated. Bacteria can not be totally destroyed before the food is thoroughly cooked. We need to know that
29、not all bacteria are in connection with illness. Just some bacteria can cause disease. They are called pathogenic bacteria. Fortunately our immune system can protect us from them. Bacteria are prokaryotes ( single cells that do not contain a nucleus). It may seem weird to classify organisms accordin
30、g to such details, but with or without a nucleus is not trivial at all. The division between prokaryotes and eukaryotes (all organisms with a nucleus inside their cells) is of extreme importance in biology, and is the result of a major evolutionary breakthrough. Visit our program tomorrow if you wan
31、t to know more, thank you.（分数：5.00）(1).Which statement is not true about flagella?（分数：1.00）A.Flagella are part of bacteria.B.Flagella help bacteria to move.C.Flagella are always going round and round.D.Flagella are like waves.(2).What is the meaning of “collide“ in the second paragraph?（分数：1.00）A.st
32、rikeB.connectC.bounceD.mix(3).Which of the following ways can help people prevent from bacteria?（分数：1.00）A.Smell and have a careful look at the food.B.Only eat the food stored in refrigerator.C.Ensure the food is totally heated before eating.D.Eat the food before they are thawed.(4).What can be infe
33、rred from the last paragraph?（分数：1.00）A.Whether or not to have a nucleus is important in biology.B.The speaker will tell us how to distinguish bacteria tomorrow.C.Evolution will be the main topic of the program next time.D.Eukaryotes develop from prokaryotes.(5).Which of the following is true accord
34、ing to the first paragraph?（分数：1.00）A.Bacteria are as big as a pinhead.B.Bacteria can not be seen by an ordinary microscope.C.Bacteria are hard to see because they often live together.D.Bacteria are very small so they can only be measured in microns.六、Section Writing(总题数：1，分数：25.00)1.Your firm is pl
35、anning to export carpets to Great Britain. At a recent conference you met William Linton, who is a market analyst working for a British company, British Agents Consultants. Write a letter to Mr. Linton in 160200 words, explaining what your firm is planning to do and giving details of what you would
36、like his company to do for you. You should write 160200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. （分数：25.00）_公共英语四级-165 答案解析(总分：55.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Health implies more than physical fitness. It also implies mental and emotional well-being. An angry, frustrated, emotionally 1 p
37、erson in good physical condition is not 2 healthy. Mental health, therefore, bas much to do 3 how a person copes with the world as she/he exists. Many of the factors that 4 physical health also affect mental and emotional well-being. Having a good self-image means that people have positive 5 picture
38、s and good, positive feelings about themselves, about what they are capable 6 , and about the roles they play. People with good self-images like themselves, and they are 7 like others. Having a good self-image is based 8 a realistic 9 of one“s own worth and value and capabilities. Stress is an unavo
39、idable, necessary, and potentially healthful 10 of our society. People of all ages 11 stress. Children begin to 12 stress during prenatal development and during childbirth. Examples of stress inducing 13 in the life of a young person are death of a pet, pressure to 14 academically, the divorce of pa
40、rents, or joining a new youth group. The different ways in which individuals 15 to stress may bring healthful or unhealthy results. One person experiencing a great deal of stress may function exceptionally well 16 another may be unable to function at all. If stressful situations are continually enco
41、untered, the individual“s physical, social, and mental health are eventually affected. Satisfying social relations are vital to 17 mental and emotional health. It is believed that in order to, 18 , develop, and maintain effective and fulfilling social relationships people must 19 the ability to know
42、 and trust each other, understand each other, influence and help each other. They must also be capable of 20 conflicts in a constructive way.（分数：20.00）A.unstable B.unsureC.impreciseD.impractical解析：解析 unstable 意为“(情绪)不稳定的”；unsure 意为“没有自信的，不肯定的，不确定的”；imprecise 意为“不严密的，不精确的”；impractical 意为“不切实际的”。根据空格之
43、前的emotionally，可知 A 为正确答案。A.normallyB.generallyC.virtuallyD.necessarily 解析：解析 not necessarily 为常用搭配，表示“不一定，未必”。A.onB.atC.toD.with 解析：解析 have(nothing，little，much，a lot)to do with表示“和(没)有(很大的)关系”，是固定搭配，因此选 D。本句意为： “因此，精神健康和一个人在生活中如何处理身边的事情有很大关系”。A.signifyB.influence C.predictD.mark解析：解析 influence 作动词时表
44、示“影响”，也可作名词，常与 on 连用意为“影响力；感化力”。其他选项 signify(表示，意味)、predict(预言，预报)和 mark(标志，做标记)均不符合题意。A.intellectualB.sensualC.spiritualD.mental 解析：解析 mental 意为“精神的，智力的，心智的”，和 physical 相对，“精神病”常用 mental illness 表示。intellectual 意为“智力的，显示智力的”，作名词时意为“知识分子”；sensual 意为“肉欲的，色情的，世俗的”，强调“通过感官感觉到”的；spiritual 意为“非物质的，精神的，灵魂
45、的，宗教的，神圣的”，和 material 相对。因此选 D。A.to be doingB.with doingC.to doD.of doing 解析：解析 capable of doing 为固定搭配，大致相当于 be able to do。A.able better toB.able to betterC.better to ableD.better able to 解析：解析 本题要求判断比较级的正确形式。to be able to 的比较级应用 to be better able to 表示，其他次序都不对。因此选 D。A.on B.fromC.atD.about解析：解析 be b
46、used on 意为“建立在的基础上”，符合题意。其他选项均不能与 base 搭配。A.assessment B.decisionC.determinationD.assistance解析：解析 assessment 表示“评估，评价”，符合题意。decision(决定，决心)、 determination(决心，果断)及 assistance(协助，援助)都与文章不符。A.idealityB.realizationC.realismD.reality 解析：解析 reality 意为“真实，事实，本体，逼真”，表示“存在的现实状况”； ideality 表示“理想”；realization
47、意为“实现，认识，领会”；realism 意为“现实主义”。因此选 D。A.occurB.engageC.confrontD.encounter 解析：解析 encounter 意为“遭遇，遇到”，强调“偶然遇见”；occur 意为“发生，出现”；engage意为“使忙碌，雇用，预定，使从事于”；confront 意为“面对，面临，遭遇”。四个选项中只有encounter 可与 stress 搭配表示“遇到压力”，因此选 D。A.tolerateB.sustainC.experience D.undertake解析：解析 experience 意为“经验，体验，经历”；tolerate 意为“
48、(主观上努力去)忍受，容忍”；sustain 意为“支撑，撑住，维持，持续”；undertake 意为“承担，担任(也包含主观努力的意思)”。stress(压力)对个人而言是一种经历，每个人都会遇到，因此选 C。A.evidenceB.accidentsC.adventuresD.events 解析：解析 evidence 意为“显著，明白，迹象，根据”；accident 意为“意外事件，事故”；adventure 意为“冒险， 冒险的经历”；events 意为“事件，大事”，有较普遍的含义。根据后面列举的事例判断，D 为正确答案。A.acquireB.achieve C.obtainD.fu
49、lfil解析：解析 指在学业上取得成就用 achieve。A.respond B.returnC.retortD.reply解析：解析 respond 意为“反应，回报，对有反应，对起作用”，常与 to 连用；return 意为“归还，回报，报告”；retort 意为“反驳，反击”；reply 意为“答复，回击，回答”。因此选 A。A.why.B.whenC.while D.where解析：解析 while 在这里是一个表示转折意义的连词，表示“虽然，但是”。其他选项均与文章不符。A.sound B.all roundC.entireD.whole解析：解析 sound 此处意为“完好的，健全的”，类似 wholesome；all round 意为“多方面的，多才多艺的”。人的生理和心理健康常用 sound 修饰。entire(完整的，全部的)和 whole(所有的，完整的)离题较远。A.illuminateB.enunciateC.
