1、专业英语四级（阅读）-试卷165及答案解析 (总分：30.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、READING COMPREHENSIO(总题数：11，分数：30.00)1.PART V READING COMPREHENSION_2.SECTION AIn this section there are several passages followed by ten multiple-choice questions. For each question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one th
2、at you think is the best answer._For years, Jorge DelPinals job as assistant chief of the Census Bureaus Population Division was to fit people into neat, distinct racial and ethnic boxes: white, black, Hispanic, Asian or Native American. As the son of an Anglo mother and a Hispanic father, however,
3、he knew all along that the task was not always possible. The face of America is changingliterally. As President Clinton has said, within 30 or 40 years, when there will be no single race in the majority in the United States, we had best be ready for it. For his part, Clinton is preparing for that ti
4、me by talking about racial tolerance and the virtues of multiculturalism. Others are debating immigration policy. Almost all discussion focuses on the potential divisiveness inherent in a nation that is no longer a predominantly white country with a mostly European ancestry. But afoot behind the sce
5、nes is another trend that, if handled carefully, could bring the country closer together rather than drive it apart. This quiet demographic counter-revolution is a dramatic upsurge in intermarriage. Veteran demographer Barry Edmonstons study projected that by 2050, 21 percent of the U. S. population
6、 will be of mixed racial or ethnic ancestry, up from an estimate of seven percent today. Among third-generation Hispanic and Asian Americans, exogamymarriage outside ones ethnic group or tribeis at least 50 percent, he and others estimate. Exogamy remains much less prevalent among African Americans,
7、 but it has increased enormously, from about 1.5 percent in the 1960s to 8 to 10 percent today. Such a profound demographic shift could take place while no one was watching because, officially, no one was watching. Federal agencies traditionally collected racial data using a formula-one person, one
8、racesimilar to the time-honored voting principle. Thus, the Census Bureau could estimate that on census forms no more than two percent of the population would claim to be multiracial. In the absence of a more straightforward count, no one could know for sure what the demographics are. Meanwhile, in
9、the absence of official numbers, with the heightened tension surrounding racial issues, and with the mutual suspicion that exists among competing racial and ethnic interest groups, theres little agreement on what intermarriage will mean for U.S. society in the future. Some sociologists call Asian-wh
10、ite and Hispanic-Anglo intermarriage simply the latest addition to the melting pot that, since the start of this century, has fused so many Irish, Italian, German and other families of European origin. But despite the rise in black-white marriage, many doubt that African Americans will be included i
11、n this mix. Ramona Douglass, President of the Association of MultiEthnic Americans, enthused, Were living proof that people with two different races or ethnic backgrounds can live together in harmony, that(interracial)families actually do function. Douglasss mother is Italian-American, and her fathe
12、r is a multiracial blend of African American and Native American. Of course, many portray intermarriage as gradual genocide that will culminate in the disappearance of their particular group. That was the traditional view of the Jewish community, which throughout history closely guarded its small nu
13、mbers from loss through assimilation. But the very high rate of Jewish out-marriage since World War II has caused an official rethinking among the progressive elements of American Judaism. These groups still encourage marriage within the faith, but instead of shunning those who do marry non-Jews, th
14、ey are now courting these intermarried couples.（分数：6.00）(1).What can we learn from the passage?（分数：2.00）A.Its scientific to classify people into different groups according to their races.B.The government didnt pay enough attention on the issue of demographic shift.C.The definite population of intere
15、thnic American is known.D.The growing rate of interethnic Americans accelerates in recent years.(2).What will happen in future decades?（分数：2.00）A.The population of interracial Americans will be three times in 2050 as much as now.B.There will be no dominant races in America.C.The divisiveness of the
16、nation is an inevitable problem to confront.D.At least 50 percent of the third-generation African Americans will marry other ethnic groups.(3).Which of the following can be inferred from intermarriage?（分数：2.00）A.It can be accepted by Jewish to some extent.B.It tends to arouse divisiveness of the nat
17、ion.C.The amount of it among African Americans grows slower than that in other ethnic groups.D.Traditionally speaking, children from interracial families are assigned to mothers races.Wanted posters arent seen much these days outside of Western films. But Canadian government officials are crowing ov
18、er their recent success in repackaging this age-old law-enforcement tactic for the Internet age. On July 21st the countrys Border Services Agency(CBSA)put on its website the names and photos of 30 people it said were war criminals hiding in Canada, and asked for tips on their whereabouts. By July 29
19、th, five of them had been arrested. They will soon be deported to their countries of origin. People active or complicit in war crimes and crimes against humanity can no longer hide in the shadows, proclaimed Vic Toews, the minister of public safety, after the fourth suspect was captured. He says he
20、hopes to expand the cyber-posters to cover other categories of fugitives(逃犯)as well. Observers outside the government have been a bit more cautious in evaluating the programme. First, the authorities have not disclosed whether the arrests depended on tips from people who saw the website, or whether
21、the police were already on the suspects trail. Moreover, the list probably does not include any Ratko Mladics. It is thought to consist mostly of people who once belonged to security forces in countries where war crimes have been committed, such as Congo and Ghana, or have relatives that did. These
22、individuals are guilty of immigration violations for failing to leave the country when their residency applications were rejected. But the government has not revealed any evidence directly tying them to specific violent actions. Canada is making little pretence of presuming the suspects innocence of
23、 these vague allegations. Although Mr. Toews insists that we are not making a finding of guilt or innocence, the CBSA website says that it has been determined that the suspects violated human or international rights under the Crimes Against Humanity and War Crimes Act or under international law. One
24、 man on the list, a Salvadoran army veteran named Francisco Manuel. Herndndez, moved to the United States in 1993 after Canada rejected his refugee application. He is now an American citizen and a pastor in New York. He is threatening to sue if CBSA does not remove his name and photo from its websit
25、e. Most importantly, if the government is right that vicious war criminals are on the loose in Canadian territory, it is shifting off its obligation to bring them to justice. Suspected war criminals from foreign conflicts can be tried under Canadian law. And if the government decides not to undertak
26、e that costly and lengthy process, it could still try to arrange extraditions(引渡), which would guarantee that the suspects would face trial elsewhere. Instead, Canada simply plans to put them on the first flight out and wash its hands of them. Its appalling the way they are handling it, says Jayne S
27、toyles, the executive director of the Canadian Centre for International Justice, a campaign group. Canadas immigration system can certainly be taken acvantage of by visitors with unsavoury pasts. The country accepts around 250, 000 New Canadians a year through a drawn-out process that makes it easy
28、for applicants to disappear. In 2008 the governments auditor-general reported that immigration officials had lost track of 41, 000 rejected candidates. Ms. Stoyles estimates that as many as 2, 000 alleged war criminals may be living in Canada. But the right-wing governments disinterest in determinin
29、g these suspects guilt or innocence suggests that it is more concerned with courting anti-immigrant and law-and-order conservatives at home than with the fight for justice abroad.（分数：6.00）(1).We can learn from Paragraph 1 that_.（分数：2.00）A.Canadian government uses the cyber-posters to find the war cr
30、iminalsB.30 war criminals had been arrested since being wanted by the governmentC.people against humanity are no longer severely punished in Canada todayD.a Canadian murderers information can also be found on the Internet(2).What does the sentence Canada is making little pretence of presuming the su
31、spects innocence of these vague allegations in Paragraph 3 indicate?（分数：2.00）A.Canada thinks twice before arresting the war crime suspects.B.Canada is determined to find the guilt and the innocence.C.Canada wont let go anyone who violated human or international rights.D.Canada expresses no concern o
32、ver the alleged innocence of the suspects.(3).The best title for the passage could be_.（分数：2.00）A. Ways to Search War Criminals in the Internet AgeB.Thoughts and Concerns over the CBSA ProgramC.How the Canadian Government Strengthen Its National SecurityD.Canadas Immigration System and Its ProblemsN
33、ovember is Diabetes Eye Health Month, and thats just one of the reasons to take advantage of EyeCare Americas free program, designed for people over 65. Eligible patients will receive eye exams and up to one year of treatment. We feel that seniors in our communities are at the greatest risk. The lon
34、ger you have diabetes, the more susceptible you are to losing your vision, says Allison S. Neves, communications manager at EyeCare America, the public service foundation of the American Academy of Ophthalmology. If youre among the 16 million people who have diabetes, youre 25 times more likely to l
35、ose your eyesight than people without it. African Americans and Hispanics are particularly susceptible. Lack of awareness is a big contributorhalf the people with the disease go undiagnosed. Studies have found that even for those who know they have it, more than one-third dont get the eye care they
36、need. There are a lot of barriers to seniors getting the quality eye care they deserve. First is rising health care costs. Second is access to care in communities, and what is difficult for them is trusting medical professionals. Some are only accustomed to going to physicians when theyre in painnot
37、 for regular checkups, says Neves. Darlene Thorne, 83, found herself in a tight spot when she moved to Salt Lake City from Las Vegas. With no medical insurance or doctors she knew personally, she decided to try the Seniors EyeCare program for a long-overdue eye checkup. She was surprised to get more
38、 than just a free eye exam. Dr. Harry treated me like I was a regular person and not getting it for free. He tested my eyes and wrote out a prescription for glasses even though that wasnt included in the program. Recently, when I got an infection, I was so frightened. At least I had someplace to go;
39、 otherwise I would have sat around for several days or longer. The EyeCare America program makes such personal relationships possible by hooking up patients with an ophthalmologist in their areaone of its 7, 500 volunteers. Its not a mass screening in any wayits an actual doctors appointment. Should
40、 anything be diagnosed, the patients are seen up to one year for no out-of-pocket costs. Its really just about getting that person into that office to prevent eyesight damage, says Neves. In-depth medical exams by an ophthalmologist are critical, as they can detect symptoms that eye screenings at an
41、 optometrist or a local store might have missed. What many people dont know is that diabetes-related eye diseases such as retinopathy, cataracts, and glaucoma develop without warning signs. Extremely high blood pressure levels can damage the retina without any apparent changes in vision, leading you
42、 to believe that nothings wrong while your sight degenerates. All these factors cause 24, 000 cases of vision loss every year. The good news is that proper detection, treatment, and care can prove 95 percent effective in preventing blindnesseven for people with advanced retinopathy. If you experienc
43、e floaters(sudden flashes or spots)or blurred or double vision, schedule an appointment immediately. Otherwise, an annual dilated eye exam is a must for everyone with diabetes.（分数：4.00）(1).What can we infer from the passage?（分数：2.00）A.Many people with diabetes are lack of awareness of their eye prob
44、lems.B.People who have diabetes must suffer from eye diseases.C.American seniors over 65 years old will have free treatment of eye diseases for life.D.There is no barriers to seniors getting the quality eye care they deserve.(2).Which of the following is NOT included in the EyeCare America program?（
45、分数：2.00）A.Eligible patients will receive eye exams and up to one-year treatment.B.The patients can get free treatment of diabetes for one year.C.All the seniors over 65 can get the checkup for free.D.The relationship between patients and doctors are personal and friendly.Already overwhelmed children
46、s services are facing rising demand as benefit reforms hit struggling parents, all while council cuts threaten to push social care into an awkward place. Winter may have arrived early this year, but there are even more severe storms ahead for childrens services and for children and families in diffi
47、culty. Indeed, with services already overwhelmed, demand is set to increase further, and the public sector cuts will mean less help for children and fewer workers. All the trends and predictions are indicating a high speed crash for childrens social care. Too dramatic? Just consider the evidence. Fi
48、rst, the increase in the workload for childrens services and for social workers is continuing, it started around the time that the terrible death of baby Peter Connelly gained so much media attention. Just-published figures for the past year show that the number of children referred to social care services was up again, by almost 57, 000; 71, 500 more children were identified as children in need; and there was a 17% increase in the number of children who have a child protection pla
