1、职称英语（综合类） B级模拟试卷 35 及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 The boys were charmed by the sailors tales of adventure. （ A） bewildered （ B） attracted （ C） distracted （ D） diverted 2 Although a herd of African elephants may have up to one thousand member
2、s, Asiatic elephants live in bands of five to sixty animals. （ A） as many as （ B） more than （ C） fewer than （ D） at least 3 Your plan will call for a lot of money. （ A） acquire （ B） require （ C） remind （ D） degrade 4 In order to show his boss what a careful worker he was, he took extra trouble over
3、the figures. （ A） extensive （ B） spare （ C） additional （ D） supreme 5 Since the Great Depression, the United States government has protected farmers from damaging drops in grain prices. （ A） slight （ B） surprising （ C） sudden （ D） harmful 6 Your compass and clock are the most essential instruments i
4、n sailing. （ A） equipments （ B） tools （ C） instructions （ D） opportunities 7 Her speciality is heart surgery. （ A） region （ B） site （ C） field （ D） platform 8 The Constitutions vague nature has given it the flexibility to be adapted when circumstances change. （ A） imprecise （ B） apparent （ C） clear
5、（ D） easy 9 The police are combing the suburbs for the missing car. （ A） seeking （ B） exploring （ C） looking （ D） investigating 10 He has a red spot on his gown. （ A） stain （ B） belt （ C） pot （ D） defect 11 Accompanied by cheerful music, we began to dance. （ A） pleasant （ B） colorful （ C） fashionabl
6、e （ D） different 12 While we dont agree, we continue to be friends. （ A） Because （ B） Where （ C） Although （ D） Whatever 13 You should have blended the butter with the sugar thoroughly. （ A） spread （ B） mixed （ C） beaten （ D） covered 14 We have never seen such gorgeous hills. （ A） beautiful （ B） stre
7、tching （ C） spreading （ D） rolling 15 She was unwilling to go but she had no choice. （ A） unable （ B） indecisive （ C） ready （ D） reluctant 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面 的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 16 Why do people become too fat It is
8、 indeed unfortunate that in our modern era of technologic and scientific achievement, there is no adequate explanation for a seemingly simple question: “why do people become too fat and what can be done to prevent it?“ about 50 million men and 60 million women between the ages of 18 and 79 are “too
9、fat“ and need to reduce excess weight. This amount to about 377 million kg of excess fat for men and 667 million kg for women, or a total of t044 million kg (2297 million 1b) for the United States adult population! If the overfat men and women dieted by consuming 600 fewer calories each day to reduc
10、e to a “normal“ value of body fat (achievable in 68 days for men and 101 days for women), the reduced caloric intake would equal 5.7 trilling calories. Translating this into fossil fuel energy and considering such factors as the energy required to plant, cultivate, harvest, feed, process, transport,
11、 wholesale, retail, acquire, store and cook the food, the annual energy savings would be equal to that required to supply the residential electric demands of Boston, Chicago, san Francisco and Washington DC, or 13 billion gallons of gasoline to fuel 900,000 autos per year. Until recently, the major
12、cause of obesity was believed to be overeating. However, if gluttony (贪食 ) and overindulgence were the only factors associated with an increase in body fat, the easiest way to permanently reduce would surely to be cut back on food. Of course, if it were that simple, obesity would soon be eliminated
13、as a major health problem. There are obviously other factors operative such as genetic, environmental, and social influences. However, these causes probably overlap. It seems fairly certain that the treatment procedures devised so far, whether they be diets, surgery, drugs, psychologic methods, or e
14、xercise, either alone or in combination, have not been particularly successful in solving the problem on a long-term basis. There is nonetheless, optimism that as researchers continue to investigate the many facets of. obesity, as well as to test and quantify various treatment modes, significant pro
15、gress can be made to conquer this major health problem. 16 The percentage of the excess fat for women of the total amount of excess fat is roughly 50%. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 Less than 5.7 trillion calories would equal the energy required annually to supply the residential elect
16、ric demands of Boston, Chicago, San Francisco, and Washington DC. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 Indulgence in drinking, the genetic, environmental, social factors and overeating should be considered in evaluating the cause of an overfat person. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned
17、19 Do more physical exercises will help persons to build our bodies. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 20 The writer finally says there is optimism for the treatment of obesity, because significant progress will be made to conquer this major health problem through the researchers efforts. （ A
18、） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 21 People fail to solve the important problem of obesity and weight control in our modern era. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 Only young persons face such a problem that they are too fat. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-3
19、0题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 23 More Than 8 Hours Sleep Too Much of a Good Thing Although the dangers of too little sleep are widely known, new research suggests that people who sleep too much may also suffer the cons
20、equences. Investigators at the University of California in San Diego found that people who clock up 9 or 10 hours each weeknight appear to have more trouble falling and staying asleep, as well as a number of other sleep problems, than people who sleep 8 hours a night. People who slept only 7 hours e
21、ach night also said they had more trouble falling asleep and feeling refreshed after a nights sleep than 8-hour sleepers. These findings, which DL Daniel Kripke reported in the journal Psychosomatic Medicine, demonstrate that people who want to get a good nights rest may not need to set aside more t
22、han 8 hours a night. He added that “it might be a good idea“ for people who sleep more than 8 hours each night to consider reducing the amount of time they spend in bed, but cautioned that more research is needed to confirm this. Previous studies have shown the potential dangers of chronic shortages
23、 of sleep for instance, one report demonstrated that people who habitually sleep less than 7 hours each night have a higher risk of dying within a fixed period than people who sleep more. For the current report, Kripke reviewed the responses of 1,004 adults to sleep questionnaires, in which particip
24、ants indicated how much they slept during the week and whether they experienced any sleep problems. Sleep problems included waking in the middle of the night, arising early in the morning and being unable to fall back to sleep, and having fatigue interfere with day-to-day functioning. Kripke found t
25、hat people who slept between 9 and 10 hours each night were more likely to report experiencing each sleep problem than people who slept 8 hours. In an interview, Kripke noted that long sleepers may struggle to get rest at night simply because they spend too much time in bed. As evidence, he added th
26、at one way to help insomnia is to spend less time in bed. “It stands to reason that if a person spends too long a time in bed, then theyll spend a higher percentage of time awake.“ he said. 23 A.Kripikes research tool. B.Dangers of habitual shortages of sleep. C.Criticism on Kripkes report. D.A way
27、of overcoming insomnia. E.Sleep problems of long and short sleepers. F.Classification of sleep problems. 23 Paragraph 2 _ 24 Paragraph 4 _ 25 Paragraph 5 _ 26 Paragraph 6 _ 27 A.fall asleep again B.become more energetic the following day C.sleep less than 7 hours D.confirm those serious consequences
28、 E.suffer sleep problems F.sleep more than 8 hours 27 To get a good nights rest, people may not need to _. 28 Long sleepers are reported to be more likely to _. 29 One of the sleep problems is waking in the middle of the night, unable to _. 30 One survey showed that people who habitually _ each nigh
29、t have a higher risk of dying. 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 31 A Thirsty World The world is not only hungry, it is also thirsty for water. This may seem strange to you, since nearly 75% of the earths surface is covered with water. But about 97% of this huge amo
30、unt is sea-water, or salt water. Man can only drink and use the other 3% - the fresh water that comes from rivers, lakes, underground, and other sources. And we cannot even use all of that, because some of it is in the form of icebergs (冰山 ) and glaciers (冰川 ). Even worse, some of it has been pollut
31、ed. At the moment, this small amount of fresh water is still enough for us. However, our need for water is increasing rapidly. Only if we take steps to deal with this problem now can we avoid a severe worldwide water shortage later on. A limited water supply would have a bad effect on agriculture an
32、d industry. In addition to stopping wasting our precious water, one useful step we should take Is to develop ways of reusing it. Experiments have already been done in this field, but only on a small scale. Today, in most large cities, water is used only once and it eventually returns to the sea or r
33、uns into underground storage tanks. But it is possible to pipe water that has been used to a purifying (净化 ) plant. There it can be filtered (过滤 ) and treated with chemicals so that it can be used again just as if it were fresh from a spring. But even if every large city purified and reused its wate
34、r, we still would not have enough. Where could we turn next? To the oceans! All wed have to do to make use of the vast amount of sea-water is - remove the salt. This salt-removing process is already in use in many parts of the world. So if we take all these steps, well be in no danger of drying up!
35、31 The phrase “the world“ in the first line of the passage refers to （ A） man. （ B） you. （ C） woman. （ D） they. 32 What percentage of the earths water can man actually use at present? （ A） Nearly 75 per cent. （ B） About 97 per cent. （ C） Exactly 3 per cent. （ D） Less than 3 per cent. 33 According to
36、 the passage, we can avoid a worldwide water shortage in the future by （ A） increasing rainfall. （ B） reusing water and utilizing sea-water. （ C） cutting down our consumption of water. （ D） reducing the number of factories producing steel. 34 Which of the following statements, according to the passa
37、ge, is NOT true? （ A） A limited water supply will affect industrial production. （ B） Every large city purifies and reuses its water. （ C） Purified water is not exactly as fresh as spring water. （ D） Oceans are the largest water source. 35 According to the passage, sea-water can be turned into fresh
38、water by （ A） heating it up. （ B） treating it with chemicals. （ C） taking salt out of it. （ D） drying it up. 36 Trying to Find a Parther One of the most striking findings of a recent poll in the UK is that of the people interviewed, one in two believes that it is becoming more difficult to meet some
39、one to start a family with. Why are many finding it increasingly difficult to start and sustain intimate relationships? Does modern life really make it harder to fall in love? Or are we making it harder for ourselves? It is certainly the case today that contemporary couples benefit in different ways
40、 from relationships. Women no longer rely upon partners for economic security or status. A man doesnt expect his spouse to be in sole charge of running his household and raising his children. But perhaps the knowledge that we can live perfectly well without a partnership means that it takes much mor
41、e to persuade people to abandon their independence. In theory, finding a partner should be much simpler these days. Only a few generations ago, your choice of soulmate (心上人 ) was constrained(限制 ) by geography, social convention and family tradition. Although it was never explicit, many marriages wer
42、e essentially arranged. Now those barriers have been broken down. You can approach a builder or a brain surgeon in any bar in any city on any given evening. When the world is your oyster (牡蛎 ),you surely have a better chance of finding a pearl. But it seems that the old conventions have been replace
43、d by an even tighter constraint: the tyranny of choice. The expectations of partners are inflated(提高 ) to an unmanageable degree: good looks, impressive salary, kind to grandmother, and right socks. There is no room for error in the first impression. We think that a relationship can be perfect. If i
44、t isnt, it is disposable. We work to protect ourselves against future heartache and dont put in the hard emotional labor needed to build a strong relationship. Of course, this is complicated by realities. The cost of housing and child-rearing creates pressure to have a stable income and career befor
45、e a life partnership. 36 What does the recent poll show? （ A） It is getting more difficult for a woman to find her husband. （ B） It is getting increasingly difficult to start a family. （ C） It is getting more difficult for a man to find his wife. （ D） It is getting increasingly difficult to develop
46、an intimate relationship with your spouse. 37 Which of the following is NOT true about a contemporary married couple? （ A） The wife doesnt have to raise the children all by herself. （ B） The husband doesnt have to support the family all by himself. （ C） The wife is no longer the only person to manag
47、e the household. （ D） They will receive a large sum of money from the government. 38 Which of the following was NOT a constraint on ones choice of soulmate in the old days? （ A） The health condition of his or her grandmother. （ B） The geographical environment. （ C） The social convention. （ D） The fa
48、mily tradition. 39 Which of the following is NOT expected of a partner according to this passage? （ A） Good looks. （ B） An impressive career. （ C） A high salary. （ D） A fine sense of humor. 40 The word “sustain” (paragraph 2)could be best replaced by （ A） “reduce”. （ B） “shake”. （ C） “maintain”. （ D
49、） “weaken”. 40 Decling Internet in Developing Foreign Language Skills Australians foreign language skills are declining, Voice of America has reported. New figures show that only 13 percent of high school graduates can speak a foreign language. But four decade ago, 40 percent had foreign language skills. Professor Elise Tipton, from the University of Sydney, says increasingly students do not feel the need to learn another language to boost their career. She believes that Australias economic bo
