1、雅思（阅读）模拟试卷 78及答案与解析 0 Read the text below and answer Questions 1-7. The Young Persons Railcard A Young Persons Railcard gives young people the opportunity to purchase discounted rail tickets across Britain. Just imagine where it could take you - to festivals, to see distant friends or to London for
2、a weekend break. Who can apply? Absolutely anybody between 16 and 25 can apply. You will need to provide proof that you are under 26 years of age. For this, only your birth certificate, driving licence, passport or medical card will be acceptable. Alternatively, if you are a mature student over this
3、 age but in full-time education, you can also apply. In order to prove your eligibility, you will need to get your headteacher, tutor, or head of department to sign the application form as well as one of your photos, the latter also needing to be officially stamped. Fulltime education is defined as
4、over 15 hours per week for at least 20 weeks a year. Then go along to any major railway station, rail-appointed travel agent or authorised student travel office with your completed application form from this leaflet, together with 28, two passport-sized photos and proof of eligibility. Using your ra
5、ilcard You can use it at any time - weekends, Bank Holidays or during the week. But if you travel before 10 am Monday to Friday (except during July and August) minimum fares will apply. For full details of these, please ask at your local station or contact a rail-appointed travel agent. Conditions I
6、n cases where a railcard does not bear the users signature, it will be treated as invalid. Neither your railcard nor any tickets bought with it may be used by anybody else. Unless there are no purchase facilities available at the station where you began your journey, you will be required to pay the
7、full fare if you are unable to produce a valid ticket for inspection during a journey. Reduced rate tickets are not available for first-class travel or for Eurostar links to France and Belgium. Passengers will be charged the full rate if they want to use these services. Questions 1-7 Complete the se
8、ntences below. Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the text for each answer. Write your answers in boxes 1-7 on your answer sheet. 1 Railcard applicants over need to be involved in_ 2 For mature, full-time students, one of the photographs submitted must be signed and_ 3 At certain times of the year
9、, there are no_for railcard holders at any time of day. 4 If your railcard doesnt have your_it will be impossible to use it for travel. 5 The benefits of a railcard are not transferable to_ 6 If you have no ticket but boarded a train at a station without any_you will still be eligible for a discount
10、ed ticket. 7 If railcard holders wish to use the Eurostar network they must pay the_ 7 Read the text below and answer Questions 8-14. *Only one discount may apply to each fare.CHANGES AND REFUNDSTickets may be refunded not later than 5 minutes before the departure of the train for a charge of 15% of
11、 the ticket price, or the journey may be changed to another day for a charge of 10% of the ticket price. (Not applicable to same day returns.)CHANGES FOR SAME DAY TRAVELYou may change your ticket once without charge for a journey on the same day as the original ticket.INFORMATION OF INTEREST TO TRAV
12、ELLERS When you buy your ticket it is up to you to check that the dates and times of the journey on it are exactly as you requested. Ticket control and access to each train platform will be open until 2 minutes before departure of the train. Each traveller may take one suitcase and one item of hand
13、luggage. You may also check in 15kgs. of luggage not later than 30 minutes before departure, at no extra charge. If you would like to charter a train, or make reservations for over 25 passengers travelling together, call the Sales Department. OUR TIMETABLE IS GUARANTEEDIf the arrival of your train a
14、t your destination is delayed by more than 5 minutes according to the timetable, we will refund the full price of your ticket if the delay is caused by our company Questions 8-14Complete the summary below.Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the text for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 8-14
15、on your answer sheet.An elderly person who is also studying full-time receives a concession of【 R8】 _Large groups people who want to reserve seats should get in touch with the【 R9】 _If travellers cancel their trip, they will usually receive back the ticket price less【 R10】 _, or they may change the
16、date of their trip by paying【 R11】 _of the original value. These concessions do not apply in the case of【 R12】 _It is the passengers responsibility to make sure the【 R13】 _and_are correct.Travellers should ensure they are ready to board the train with at least【 R14】 _to spare. They may take a suitca
17、se with them in the carriage as well as hand luggage. A traveller may check in 15 kilos maximum weight of luggage but this must be done at least 30 minutes before the train leaves. 8 【 R8】 9 【 R9】 10 【 R10】 11 【 R11】 12 【 R12】 13 【 R13】 14 【 R14】 14 Read the text below and answer Questions 15-20. Pr
18、ofessional Credentials: Advice for Immigrants As an immigrant to North America, you will need to ensure that employers and organisations such as colleges and universities properly recognise your international credentials. These may be trade certificates, but also educational qualifications such as d
19、egrees or diplomas, that you have completed or partially-completed. It is common for hiring personnel to have little or no training in evaluating an academic background earned outside of North America. But at the same time, employers see formal education as very important when hiring. Education is a
20、 hiring requirement for 60% of employment opportunities, but 40% of human resources staff say that if they do not know a lot about the value of documents attained elsewhere, they will not recognise them. Research has shown that sometimes immigrants start with a lower salary level than people who hav
21、e completed their training in North America. You may want to apply for employment opportunities with companies whose staff understands your situation or, more importantly, who know where to send you to get your North American qualifications. If you need to complete your training in North America, ap
22、prenticeships leading to skilled trades are in high demand. Apprenticeship training is a hands-on program where about 10% is in a classroom setting at community colleges, and 90% of the training is on-the-job. The training involves working for an employer and earning income during the training perio
23、d. Sometimes there is a limit of 5 years for training. You may be able to use this training toward college or university credits or education. There is a good potential for long-term job security after completion of apprenticeship training. If you earned your papers outside of North America, you wil
24、l need to get them translated if you want to work or study. It is important for you that your education is assessed by an accredited assessment service when you are applying for jobs, and particularly if the job posting has an education requirement. As well, it is recommended that you include a copy
25、 of the report with your cover letter. It is suggested that you provide this information early and do not wait until the time you actually meet with the employer. Getting job interviews is more than 50% of the whole process of securing employment; and with an evaluation report, you want to make sure
26、 that employers are screening you in rather than out. Establishing yourself in North America is a difficult process, but companies do consider integrating immigrants into the workforce important to the workplace mosaic. Employers are making significant progress in improving diversity at work. Questi
27、ons 15-20 Complete the sentences below. Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the text for each answer. Write your answers in boxes 15-20 on your answer sheet. 15 New arrivals to North America need to make sure that their academic qualifications or their_are accepted. 16 A significant number of compani
28、es view_as a major requirement. 17 People educated in North America may initially be offered a higher_than immigrants. 18 _courses often provide more job stability. 19 Most of the effort to find work is spent trying to obtain_ 20 As more newcomers enter the workforce,_increases. 20 Read the text bel
29、ow and answer Questions 21-27. How to Prepare for a Presentation The first time your boss suggests that you formally present something to your department or a client, your reaction may be to panic. But remember that being asked to present is a compliment. Someone believes that you have valuable Info
30、rmation to share with the group, and wants to listen to your ideas. You need to decide exactly what you will say during the allotted time. Condense your topic into one sentence. What do you want your audience to remember or learn from your talk? This is your big idea. Remember that you are dealing w
31、ith the short attention spans of individuals who tend to have many things on their minds. Think of three main points you want to make to support your overall topic. Develop a story to demonstrate each of those concepts. This could be something that happened to you or someone you know, or something y
32、ou read in a newspaper or magazine. We have all heard the saying A picture is worth a thousand words. Think about how your presentation can be more interesting to watch. Props are a wonderful way to make your talk come alive. You could do something as simple as holding up a toy phone receiver when t
33、alking about customer service or putting on a hat to signal a different part of your talk. Think of a dynamic and unusual way to start your presentation. This might involve telling anecdotes that relate to your topic. Never begin with, Thank you for inviting me here to talk with you today. You will
34、put your audience to sleep right away. Start off enthusiastically so they will listen with curiosity and interest. After your energetic introduction, identify yourself briefly and thank the audience for taking the time to listen to you. Plan your ending, and finish in a memorable way Your listeners
35、remember best what they hear at the beginning and end of a speech, so conclude with a game in which they can participate, or tell a humorous story and your audience will leave laughing. Dont try to memorise your talk or read it word-for-word. It will sound stilted and boring. Instead, practise your
36、dynamic introduction and conclusion until you can deliver them effortlessly. If you do this youll feel a burst of confidence that will help you sail through the whole of the speech. Questions 21-27 Complete the sentences below. Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the text for each answer. Write your answers i
37、n boxes 21-27 on your answer sheet. How to Prepare for a Presentation You should regard an invitation to speak as a【 R21】 _ Express your main idea in a【 R22】 _ Try using a【 R23】 _to support the major points you are making. Add visual excitement to your talk by using【 R24】 _ Express appreciation to y
38、our listeners for their【 R25】 _ A【 R26】 _will get the audience to interact. It is important to prepare well as this will increase your【 R27】 _ 21 【 R21】 22 【 R22】 23 【 R23】 24 【 R24】 25 【 R25】 26 【 R26】 27 【 R27】 27 Read the text below and answer Questions 28-40. The Birdmen Will people finally be a
39、ble to fly long distances without a plane? John Andres investigates People have dreamt of flying since written history began. In the 1400s, Leonardo da Vinci drew detailed plans for human flying machines. You might have thought the invention of mechanised flight would have put an end to such ideas.
40、Far from it. For many enthusiasts, the ultimate flight fantasy is the jet pack, a small piece of equipment on your back which enables you to climb vertically into the air and fly forwards, backwards and turn. Eric Scott was a stuntman in Hollywood for about a decade and has strapped jet packs to his
41、 back more than 600 times and propelled himself hundreds of metres into the air. Now he works for an energy-drink company that pays him to travel around the world with his jet pack. As Scott says: I get to do what I love and wherever I go I advertise Go Fast drinks. Existing packs work for little mo
42、re than 30 seconds, but people are working on designs which let you fly around for 20 minutes. That would be amazing, says Scott. Paramotoring is another way of getting into the air. It combines the sort of parachute used in paragliding with a small engine and propeller and is now becoming popular.
43、Chris Clarke has been flying a paramotor for five years. Getting about is roughly comparable with driving a petrol-powered car in terms of expense. The trouble is that paramotoring is ill-suited to commuting because of the impossibility of taking off in strong winds, says Clarke. Another keen paramo
44、torist recently experienced a close call when in the air. I started to get a warm feeling in my back, says Patrick Vandenbulcke. I thought I was just sweating. But then I started to feel burning and I realized I had to get to the ground fast. After an inspection of the engine later, I noticed that t
45、he exhaust pipe had moved during the flight and the harness had started melting. This hasnt put Vandenbulcke off, however, and he is enthusiastic about persuading others to take up paramotoring. However he warns: Although it seems cheaper to try to teach yourself, you will regret it later as you won
46、t have a good technique. A training course will cost over 1,000, while the equipment costs a few thousand pounds. You may pick up cheaper equipment secondhand, however. There was one pre-used kit advertised on a website, with a bit of damage to the cage and tips of the propellers due to a rough land
47、ing. Scared myself to death, the seller reported, hence the reason for this sale. Fun though it is, paramotoring is not in the same league as the acrobatics demonstrated by Yves Rossy. He has always enjoyed being a daredevil showman. He once parachuted from a plane above Lake Geneva and, intentional
48、ly skimming the top of a fountain as he landed, he descended to the lake where he grabbed some water ski equipment and started waterskiing while the crowd watched open-mouthed. Rossy, who has been labelled the Birdman, was born in 1959 in Switzerland. After flying planes for the air force from the a
49、ges of 20 to 28, he went on to do a job as a pilot with a commercial airline from 1988 to 2000. The cockpit of a plane is the most beautiful office in the world, he says, but I didnt have any contact with the air around me. It was a bit like being in a box or a submarine under water. From then on, he therefore concentrated on becoming the first jet-powered flying man. In May 2008, he stepped out of an aircraft at
