1、考研英语模拟试卷 109及答案与解析 一、 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points) 1 Even the Saudis or rather, the small number of men who actually rule their troubled country are giving ground in the struggle for w
2、omens rights. For sure, the recommendations (1)_ this week to Crown Prince Abdullah at the end of an (2)_ round of “national dialogue“ concentrating on the role of women were fairly tame. In the reformers-versus-reactionaries (3)_ test of whether women should be allowed to drive cars (at present the
3、y cannot do so in the kingdom, nor can they travel unaccompanied, by whatever (4)_ of motion), the king was merely asked to“ (5)_ a body to study a public transport system for women to facilitate mobility“. (6)_ mention, of course, of the right to vote but then that has been (7)_ to men too, though
4、local elections, on an apparently universal franchise, are supposed to be held in October. In sum, it is a tortoises progress. But the very fact of the debate happening at all is (8)_ and hopeful. It is not just in Saudi Arabia that more rights for women are being demanded (9)_ across the whole of t
5、he Arab and Muslim world. The pushy Americans have made womens rights part of their appeal for greater democracy in (10)_ they now officially call the “broader Middle East“, to include non-Arab Muslim countries such as Iran, Turkey and even Afghanistan. Many Arabs have cautioned the Americans agains
6、t seeking to (11)_ their own values on societies with such different traditions and (12)_ Many leading Muslims have (13)_ the culturally imperious Americans of seeking to (14)_ Is lam. The (15)_ for more democracy in the Muslim world issued by leaders of the eight biggest industrial countries was wa
7、tered down for fear of giving (16)_ Yet, despite the Arabs prickliness, the Americans have helped pep up a debate that is now bubbling fiercely in the Arab world, even (17)_ many Arab leaders, none of whom is directly elected by the people, are understandably (18)_ of reforms that could lead to thei
8、r own toppling. Never before have womens rights in the Arab world been so (19)_ debated. That (20)_ is cause to rejoice. （ A） remoulded （ B） inherited （ C） accorded （ D） handed （ A） unprecedented （ B） unquenchable （ C） unorthodox （ D） unmatched （ A） tenor （ B） gist （ C） glamour （ D） litmus （ A） meta
9、bolism （ B） means （ C） metaphrase （ D） methodology （ A） assign （ B） assuage （ C） assume （ D） attest （ A） Not （ B） Never （ C） No （ D） Scarcely （ A） discounted （ B） demurred （ C） discredited （ D） denied （ A） melodious （ B） remarkable （ C） mercurial （ D） resistant （ A） otherwise （ B） but （ C） thereat （
10、 D） whereupon （ A） what （ B） that （ C） whether （ D） which （ A） sanction （ B） impose （ C） inhibit （ D） license （ A） strategies （ B） ideals （ C） beliefs （ D） tactics （ A） robbed （ B） accused （ C） relieved （ D） stripped （ A） destroy （ B） defy （ C） decimate （ D） dilate （ A） vicinity （ B） collaboration （
11、 C） appeal （ D） flattery （ A） offence （ B） collapse （ C） disaster （ D） passivism （ A） as （ B） so （ C） then （ D） though （ A） aware （ B） supportive （ C） wary （ D） indicative （ A） latently （ B） monotonously （ C） moderately （ D） vigorously （ A） lonely （ B） solo （ C） alone （ D） logo Part A Directions: Re
12、ad the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points) 21 No one really likes help. It is a great deal more satisfactory to be given the opportunity to earn ones daily bread; and if, by doing so, one can create a continuing means of livelihood, more j
13、obs, and better living conditions for ones community, that is more satisfactory still. It is on this premise that the World Food Program bases most of its operations. But how can a man born of unemployed, undernourished parents, in, the depths of poverty that spreads the solidarity towns near Latin
14、American cities, or displaced peoples camps in Africa and Asia, begin to make some improvement? Someone must help someone who under stands that both food and employment are fundamental to his need. Most thinking people must have remarked at some time or other that it doesnt make sense for half the p
15、opulation of the world to be in need of better food while governments and farmers elsewhere are worried by surpluses. For a number of years, until recently, North America and Australia had too much wheat. Japan had too much rice. Similarly, the EEC rapidly built a butter “mountain“; in its short his
16、tory. It was an awareness of the cruel paradox of a world with surpluses and starvation that prompted the setting up of the World Food Pro grain by the United Nations and also by the Food and Agricultural Organization. Its organizers realized that it could be useful both to developed and developing
17、countries. It could remove surpluses in such a way that did not upset normal trading or threaten, the livelihood of farmers in contributor countries, and then use these foods to feed people and aid development in poor-privileged areas. So how does the World Food Program (WFP) work and what has it ac
18、hieved? Logically, the story starts with a pledging session. The contributor countries, of which there have been a hundred and four over the years, pledge themselves to give a certain value during the succeeding two years. Most of these pledges are honored by gifts of food, but court tries which do
19、not produce food surplus to their own needs pledge money to finance the administration and shipping of the food given by others., Meanwhile, the WFP staff in Rome get requests from countries which would like to receive, this food aid. Some of these are emergency requests when earthquake, hurricane,
20、flood, drought or pestilence strikes, or political disorder causes a new wave of refuges. Of course, WFP responds to these, but they represent no more than a quarter of its aid in any one year. The real objective is to aid constructive development, and so to make full preparation against the everyda
21、y disaster of having little food to eat, no work to go to, no dignity to have. So the WFP staff are responsive to requests from governments who want initial help to develop new lands for farming, to build roads, to provide irrigation, and so on. The government of the would-be recipient country has t
22、o put forward what is considered to be a worthwhile and workable scheme, and if this is accepted, WFP agrees to supply food to a certain value for a specified period of years (usually three to five). Usually the food is for the people; sometimes it is their farm livestock. 21 The main idea of the fi
23、rst two paragraphs is that many people _. （ A） feel offended by people who offer them gifts （ B） are prevented from rising in the world by the poverty of their surroundings （ C） need to be given both food and the chance to earn their living （ D） feel their pride hurt if they are given charity 22 The
24、 main purpose of Paragraph 2 is to _. （ A） answer an objection that some readers may raise to Paragraph 1 （ B） guard against the possibility that you have read Paragraph 1 （ C） contradict the idea of Paragraph 1 （ D） show more optimistic than Paragraph 1 23 Because there exist surpluses(e.g. wheat,
25、rice, butter), aid programs _. （ A） may promote overproduction of some goods （ B） put the interests of the producers before those of the consumers （ C） could interfere with more normal types of trade （ D） will help the givers as well as the receivers 24 The main aim of the WFP is to _. （ A） meet the
26、 needs created by unexpected crises such as hurricanes （ B） give food to those nations that need it （ C） find a way of helping poorer nations to cope with emergencies （ D） help the poorer nations to help themselves 25 WFPs plans for underdeveloped countries emphasize the need to _. （ A） develop type
27、s of fruit trees that will resist disease （ B） extend the area of land fit for cultivation （ C） remove or flatten out the tops of hills （ D） provide food for farm animals 26 Clothes play a critical part in the conclusions we reach by providing clues to who people are, who they are not, and who they
28、would like to be. They tell us a good deal about the wearers background, personality, status, mood and social outlook. Since clothes are such an important source of social information, we can use them to manipulate peoples impression of us. Our appearance assumes particular significance in the initi
29、al phases of interaction that is likely to occur. A young adult who is dressed in an unconventional manner, regardless of the persons education, background, or interests, may alienate an elderly middle-class man or woman. People tend to agree on what certain types of clothes mean. Adolescent girls c
30、an easily agree on the lifestyles of girls who wear certain outfits, including the number of boyfriends they likely have had and whether they smoke or drink. Newscasters, or the announcers who read the news on TV, are considered to be more convincing, honest, and competent when they are dressed cons
31、ervatively. And college students who view themselves as taking an active role in their interpersonal relationships say they are concerned about the costumes they must wear to play these roles successfully. Moreover, many of us can relate instances in which the clothing we wore changed the way we fel
32、t about ourselves and how we acted. Perhaps you have used clothing to gain confidence when you anticipated a stressful situation, such as a job interview, or a court appearance. In the workplace, men have long had well-defined precedents and role models for achieving success. It has been otherwise f
33、or women. A good many women in the business world are uncertain about the appropriate mixture of “masculine“ and “feminine“ attributes they should convey by their professional clothing. The variety of clothing alternatives to women has also been greater than that available for men. Male administrato
34、rs tend to judge women more favorably for managerial positions when the women display less “feminine“ appearance: shorter hair, moderate use of make-up, and plain tailored clothing. As one male administrator confessed,“ An attractive woman is definitely going to get longer interview, but she wont ge
35、t a job.“ 26 According to the passage, the way we dress _. （ A） provides clues for people who are critical of us （ B） indicates our likes and dislikes in choosing a career （ C） has a direct influence on the way people regard us （ D） is of particular importance when we get on in age 27 From the third
36、 paragraph of the passage, we can conclude that young adults tend to believe that certain types of clothing can _. （ A） change peoples conservative attitudes toward their lifestyle （ B） help young people make friends with the opposite sex （ C） make them competitive id the job market （ D） help them a
37、chieve success in their interpersonal relationships 28 The word “precedent“(Line 1, Para 4) probably refers to _. （ A） early acts for men to follow as example （ B） particular places for men to occupy especially because of their importance （ C） things that men should agree upon （ D） mens beliefs that
38、 everything in the world has already been decided 29 According to the passage, many career women find themselves in difficult situations because _. （ A） the variety of professional clothing is too wide for them to choose （ B） women are generally thought to be only good at being fashion models （ C） m
39、en are more favorably judged for managerial positions （ D） they are not sure for what extent they.should display their feminine qualities through clothing 30 What is the passage mainly about? （ A） Dressing for effect. （ B） How to dress appropriately. （ C） Managerial positions and clothing. （ D） Dres
40、sing for the occasion. 31 When the first white men arrived in Samoa, they found blind men, who could see well enough to describe things in detail just by holding their hands over objects. In France, Jules Romaine tested hundreds of blind people and found a few who could tell the difference between l
41、ight and dark. He narrowed their photosensitivity(感光灵敏度 ) down to areas on the nose or in the finger tips. In 1960 a medical board examined a girl in Virginia and found that, even with thick bandages over her eyes, she was able to distinguish different colors and read short sections of large print.
42、Rosa Kuleshova, a young woman in the Urals, can see with her fingers. She is not blind, but because she grew up in a family of blind people, she learned to read Braille(盲文 ) to help them and then went on to teach herself to do other things with her hands. She was examined by the Soviet Academy of Sc
43、ience, and proved to be genuine. A scientist made an intensive study with her and found that, securely blindfolded with only her arms stuck through a screen, she could tell the difference between three primary colors. To test the possibility that the cards reflected heat differently, he heated some
44、and cooled others without affecting her response to them. He also found that she could read newsprint under glass, so texture was giving her no clues. She was able to identify the colors and shape of patches of light projected on to her palm or on to a screen. In rigidly controlled tests, with a bli
45、ndfold and a screen and a piece of card around her neck so wide that she could not see round it, Rosa read the small print in a newspaper with her elbow. And, in the most convincing demonstration of all, she repeated these things with someone standing behind her pressing hard on her eyeballs. Nobody
46、 can cheat under this pressure. 31 The first white men to visit Samoa found people who _. （ A） were not entirely blind （ B） described things by touching them （ C） could see with their hands （ D） could see when they hold out their hands 32 From the first paragraph we can learn that _. （ A） very few p
47、eople have the sensitivity of the blind （ B） blind people can manage to see things, but not clearly （ C） not everybody sees with his eyes （ D） it is possible to narrow the photosensitive areas of the body 33 Why did the scientist put the paper under glass? （ A） To prevent Rosa from feeling the print
48、. （ B） To stop the reflection of heat. （ C） To make things as difficult as possible. （ D） To stop her from cheating. 34 Which of the following makes the demonstration most persuasive? （ A） To read through glass, blindfolded. （ B） To identify the color and shape of light on a screen while securely bl
49、indfolded. （ C） To carry out the test with someone pressing on her eyeballs. （ D） To work from behind a screen, blindfolded and with a card round her neck. 35 Which of the following statements is true? （ A） The men in Samoa were not quite blind. （ B） A girl called Virginia could read newsprint even when she was blindfolded. （ C） Rosas ability to see was confined to her fingers. （ D） The result of the last test on Rosa was least do
