1、考研英语模拟试卷 199及答案与解析 一、 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points) 1 The Californian coastline north and south of Silicon Valley is a trend-setting sort of place. Increasingly, the home interiors of t
2、he well-heeled there tend toward one of two (1)_. Houses are (2)_ light flooded, sparse and vaguely Asian in (3)_, with perhaps a Zen fountain in one corner, a Yoga area in another. Or they resemble electronic control rooms with all sorts of (4)_, computers, routers, antennae, screens and remote con
3、trols. Occasionally, both elements are (5)_. “She“ may have the living room and public areas, (6)_ “he“ is banished with his toys up or down the stairs. Currently, the gadget lovers have powerful allies. Many of the largest companies in the consumer-electronics, computer, telecoms and internet indus
4、tries have made a strategic decision to (7)_ visions of a “digital home“, “eHome“, or “connected home“. Doubting that (8)_ from corporate customers will ever (9)_ to the boom levels of the late 1990s, Microsoft, Intel, Sony, Verizon, Comcast, Hewlett-Packard, Apple and others see the consumer (10)_
5、their best chance for growth and will be throwing a bewildering (11)_ of home “solutions“ at (12)_ in the coming months and years. To understand what the (13)_ ultimately have in (14)_ it is best to visit the (15)_ homes that most have built on their campuses or at trade shows. (16)_ cosy and often
6、intimidating, these feature flat screens almost everywhere, (17)_ electronic picture frames in the bedroom from the large TV-substitute in the living room. Every (18)_ has a microchip and can be (19)_ to, typed into or clicked onto. Everything is (20)_ to a central computer through wireless links. （
7、 A） extremes （ B） spheres （ C） hazards （ D） loopholes （ A） nor （ B） either （ C） also （ D） neither （ A） quest （ B） exhaustiveness （ C） character （ D） chaos （ A） equipment （ B） devices （ C） facilities （ D） gadgets （ A） detrimental （ B） imaginative （ C） present （ D） illusive （ A） though （ B） while （ C）
8、 because （ D） as if （ A） laud （ B） quench （ C） dampen （ D） hawk （ A） complaint （ B） feedback （ C） demand （ D） censorship （ A） recover （ B） foster （ C） cement （ D） formulate （ A） beneath （ B） against （ C） throughout （ D） as （ A） array （ B） lookout （ C） ideology （ D） conversion （ A） theirs （ B） them （
9、 C） his （ D） him （ A） retailers （ B） vendors （ C） conspirator （ D） designers （ A） notion （ B） concept （ C） illusion （ D） mind （ A） farraginous （ B） inviting （ C） mock （ D） notorious （ A） Ultimately （ B） Typically （ C） Fortunately （ D） Rarely （ A） by （ B） to （ C） within （ D） such as （ A） object （ B）
10、obligation （ C） objection （ D） obstruction （ A） told （ B） said （ C） talked （ D） claimed （ A） connected （ B） designated （ C） derived （ D） input Part A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points) 21 John Battelle is Silicon Vall
11、eys Bob Woodward. One of the founders of Wired magazine, he has hung around Google for so long that he has come to be as close as any outsider can to actually being an insider. Certainly, Googles founders, Sergey Brin and Larry Page, and its chief executive, Eric Schmidt, believe that it is safer to
12、 talk to Mr. Battelle than not to do so. The result is a highly readable account of Googles astonishing rise the steepest in corporate history from its origins in Stanford University to its controversial stockmarket debut and its current struggle to become a grown up company while staying true to it
13、s youthfully brash motto, “Dont be evil“ Mr. Battelle makes the reader warm to Googles ruling triumvirate their cleverness and their good intentions and fear for their future as they take on the world. Google is one of the most interesting companies around at the moment. It has a decent shot at disp
14、lacing Microsoft as the next great near-monopoly of the information age. Its ambition to organise all the worlds information, not just the information on the world wide web is epic, and its commercial power is frightening. Beyond this, Google is interesting for the same reason that secretive dictato
15、rships and Holly3vood celebrities are interesting for being opaque, colourful and, simply, itself. The book disappoints only when Mr. Battelle begins trying to explain the wider relevance of internet search and its possible future development. There is a lot to say on this subject, but Mr. Battelle
16、is hurried and overly chatty, producing laundry lists of geeky concepts without really having thought any of them through properly. This is not a fatal flaw. Read only the middle chapters, and you have a great book. 21 The phrase “warm to“ in the last sentence of the second paragraph most probably m
17、eans _. （ A） become evaporated through （ B） be fed up with （ C） be heated to （ D） become more interested in 22 Google is eye-catching due to its _. （ A） distinctiveness （ B） infiniteness （ C） selfishness （ D） aggressiveness 23 The work by John Battelle would be perfected if appropriate consideration
18、 is given to _. （ A） the relationship between internet research and its potential future development （ B） secretive dictatorships and Hollywood celebrities under control （ C） the disappointments in Google and its rivals in respects to geeky concepts （ D） companies interests in Google at the moment w
19、hen the worlds economy is booming 24 According to the text, the authors attitude toward Mr. Battelles work is_. （ A） strong disapproval （ B） total denial （ C） qualified consent （ D） enthusiastic support 25 The text seems to be _. （ A） a scientific paper （ B） a book review （ C） a graduation dissertat
20、ion （ D） an academic criticism 26 “Im a total geek all around,“ says Angela B. Yron, a 27-year-old computer prlogrammer who has just graduated from Nova Scotia Community College. And yet, like many other students, she “never had the confidence“ to approach any of the various open-source software com
21、munities on the internet distributed teams of volunteers who collaborate to build software that is then made freely available. But thanks to Google, the worlds most popular search engine and one of the biggest proponents of open-source software, Ms Byron spent the summer contributing code to Drupal,
22、 an open-source project that automates the management of websites. “Its awesome,“ she says. Ms Byron is one of 419 students (out of 8,744 who applied) who were accepted for Googles “summer of code“. While it sounds like a hyper-nerdy summer camp, the students neither went to Googles campus in Mounta
23、in View, California, nor to wherever their mentors at the 41 participating open-source projects happened to be located. Instead, Google acted as a matchmaker and sponsor. Each of the participating open-source projects received $500 for every student it took on; and each student received $4,500 ($500
24、 right away, and $4,000 on completion of their work). Oh, and a T-shirt. All of this is the idea of Chris DiBona, Googles open-source boss, who was brainstorming with Larry Page and Sergey Brin, Googles founders, last year. They realised that a lot of programming talent goes to waste every summer be
25、cause students take summer jobs flipping burgers to make money, and let their coding skills degrade. “We want to make it better for students in the summer,“ says Mr. DiBona, adding that it also helps the open source community and thus, indirectly, Google, which uses lots of open source software behi
26、nd the scenes. Plus, says Mr. DiBona, “it does become an opportunity for recruiting.“ Elliot Cohen, a student at Berkeley, spent his summer writing a “Bayesian network toolbox“ for Python, an open-source programming language. “Im a pretty big fan of Google,“ he says. He has an interview scheduled wi
27、th Microsoft, but “Google is the only big company that I would work at,“ he says. And if that doesnt work out, he now knows people in the open-source community, “and its a lot less intimidating.“ 26 Ms. Byrons comment on her own summer experiment is _. （ A） negative （ B） biased （ C） puzzling （ D） en
28、thusiastic 27 It can be inferred from the second paragraph that the participants of Googles “summer of code“ have _. （ A） been selected （ B） been educated （ C） been blamed （ D） been enlightened 28 The work of the participating open-source projects conducted by students, according to the text, is _.
29、（ A） incoherent （ B） rewarded （ C） incessant （ D） gratuitous 29 The idea of Chris DiBona, according to the text, is enriched by _. （ A） T shirt sales （ B） open-source （ C） programmers talent （ D） others wisdom 30 Elliot Cohen is mentioned in the text so as to _. （ A） illustrate the indirect effect o
30、f “summer of code“ on Googles recruitment （ B） indicate the academic level of Berkeley, USA （ C） clarify Elliot Cohens summer experience in writing network toolbox （ D） lay emphasis on the fact that university students are big fans of Google 31 Soon after his appointment as secretary-general of the
31、United Nations in 1997, Kofi Annan lamented that he was being accused of failing to reform the world body in six weeks. “But what are you complaining about?“ asked the Russian ambassador: “Youve had more time than God.“ Ah, Mr. Annan quipped back, “but God had one big advantage. He worked alone with
32、out a General Assembly, a Security Council and all the committees.“ Recounting that anecdote to journalists in New York this week, Mr. Annan sought to explain why a draft declaration on UN reform and tackling world poverty, due to be endorsed by some 150 heads of state and government at a world summ
33、it in the city on September 14th16th, had turned into such a pale shadow of the proposals that he himself had put forward in March. “With 191 member states“, he sighed, “its not easy to get an agreement.“ Most countries put the blame on the United States, in the form of its abrasive new ambassador,
34、John Bolton, for insisting at the end of August on hundreds of last minute amendments and a line-by-line renegotiation of a text most others had thought was almost settled. But a group of middle-income developing nations, including Pakistan, Cuba, Iran, Egypt, Syria and Venezuela, also came up with
35、plenty of last-minute changes of their own. The risk of having no document at all, and thus nothing for the worlds leaders to come to New York for, was averted only by marathon all-night and all-weekend talks. The 35-page final document is not wholly devoid of substance. It calls for the creation of
36、 a Peacebuilding Commission to supervise the reconstruction of countries after wars; the replacement of the discredited UN Commission on Human Rights by a supposedly tougher Human Rights Council; the recognition of a new “responsibility to protect“ peoples from genocide and other atrocities when nat
37、ional authorities fail to take action, including, if necessary, by force; and an “early“ reform of the Security Council. Although much pared down, all these proposals have at least survived. Others have not. Either they proved so contentious that they were omitted altogether, such as the sections on
38、 disarmament and non-proliferation and the International Criminal Court, or they were watered down to little more than empty platitudes. The important section on collective security and the use of force no longer even mentions the vexed issue of pre-emptive strikes; meanwhile the section on terroris
39、m condemns it “in all its forms and manifestations, committed by whomever, wherever and for whatever purposes“, but fails to provide the clear definition the Americans wanted. Both Mr. Annan and, more surprisingly, George Bush have nevertheless sought to put a good face on things, with Mr. Annan des
40、cribing the summit document as “an important step forward“ and Mr. Bush saying the UN had taken “the first steps“ towards reform. Mr. Annan and Mr. Bolton are determined to go a lot further. It is now up to the General Assembly to flesh out the documents skeleton proposals and propose new ones. But
41、its chances of success appear slim. 31 Who have recently listened to the story in the first paragraph of the text? （ A） Ambassadors. （ B） UN officials. （ C） The worlds leaders. （ D） Reporters. 32 It can be inferred from the third paragraph that _. （ A） it took much time to have a UN document （ B） it
42、 was a piece of cake to reach an agreement with approximately 200 member states （ C） few nations were resented at American diplomatic activities （ D） only developing countries came up with last-minute changes 33 The authors attitude toward the UN final document is _. （ A） biased （ B） indifferent （ C
43、） skeptical （ D） impartial 34 According to the text, empty platitudes might be found in the section on _. （ A） Peacebuilding Commission （ B） UN Commission on Human Rights （ C） terrorism （ D） the Security Council 35 According to the last paragraph, the General Assembly _. （ A） is deleting the documen
44、ts skeleton proposals （ B） is determined to go further toward disarmament （ C） is attempting to put forward new proposals （ D） is unlikely to work out relevant details and advance novel proposals 36 The term “disruptive technology“ is popular, but is widely misused. It refers not simply to a clever
45、new technology, hut to one that undermines an existing technologyand which therefore makes life very difficult for the many businesses which depend on the existing way of doing things. Twenty years ago, the personal computer was a classic example. It swept aside an older mainframe-based style of com
46、puting, and eventually brought IBM, one of the worlds mightiest firms at the time, to its knees. This week has been a coming-out party of sorts for another disruptive technology, “voice over internet protocol“ (VOIP), which promises to be even more disruptive, and of even greater benefit to consumer
47、s, than personal computers. VOIPs leading proponent is Skype, a small firm whose software allows people to make free calls to other Skype users over the internet, and very cheap calls to traditional telephones all of which spells trouble for incumbent telecoms operators. On September 12th, eBay, the
48、 leading online auction house, announced that it was buying Skype for $2.6 billion, plus an additional $1.5 billion if Skype hits certain performance targets in coming years. This seems a vast sum to pay for a company that has only $60m in revenues and has yet to turn a profit. Yet eBay was not the
49、only company interested in buying Skype. Microsoft, Yahoo!, News Corporation and Google were all said to have also considered the idea. Perhaps eBay, rather like some over-excited bidder in one of its own auctions, has paid too much. The company says it plans to use Skypes technology to make it easier for buyers and sellers to communicate, and to offer new “click to call“ advertisements,
