1、考研英语模拟试卷 273及答案与解析 一、 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points) 1 Egyptian wine has an extensive history within the history of Egyptian civilization. Grapes were not (1)_ to the landscape of Egypt,
2、 rather the vines themselves are (2)_ to have been imported from the Phoenicians, (3)_ the actual origins remain in (4)_. What is known, is that (5)_ the third millennium BC, Egyptian kings of the first (6)_ had extensive wine cellars, and wine was used extensively in the temple ceremonies. The main
3、 (7)_ of wine in Egypt, took place between the king, nobles, and the priests in temple ceremonies, and is (8)_ by numerous painted reliefs, and other (9)_ evidence. The vineyards of ancient Egypt, were quite different from the modern methods of wine making today. (10)_ viticulture (or wine making),c
4、eased to (11)_ an exclusively ceremonial purpose, the Egyptians began to experiment with simple structures for their vines to train on, (12)_ found a way to train their vines so they were easy low (13)_ bushes, and found ways for the soil to (14)_ more moisture for the vines. Egyptian wine making ex
5、periments included Re use of different wine presses, adding heat to the must (the grape juice ready for fermentation) (15)_ make the wine sweet, and differences in vat types and materials. The (16)_ finished product of wine, was poured through a cloth falter, and then into earthenware jars, (17)_ th
6、ey would be sealed with natural tar and left to (18)_. The Egyptians kept accurate records of their vintages, and (19)_ of their wines, each jar of wine was clearly (20)_ with its own vintage, and quality. （ A） born （ B） native （ C） grown （ D） planted （ A） proved （ B） believed （ C） hypothesized （ D）
7、 established （ A） though （ B） if （ C） as （ D） when （ A） dispute （ B） debate （ C） discussion （ D） argument （ A） since （ B） after （ C） by （ D） to （ A） generation （ B） dynasty （ C） sovereignty （ D） empire （ A） cost （ B） expense （ C） exhaustion （ D） consumption （ A） implied （ B） demonstrated （ C） eviden
8、ced （ D） aided （ A） archeological （ B） architectural （ C） artistic （ D） anthropological （ A） As （ B） For （ C） After （ D） Since （ A） act （ B） serve （ C） work （ D） reach （ A） as long as （ B） as well as （ C） as soon as （ D） so long as （ A） maintenance （ B） protection （ C） care （ D） attention （ A） maint
9、ain （ B） retain （ C） contain （ D） attain （ A） rather than （ B） but （ C） and （ D） in order to （ A） final （ B） end （ C） eventual （ D） ultimate （ A） which （ B） when （ C） where （ D） and （ A） protection （ B） ferment （ C） taste （ D） drink （ A） quality （ B） quantity （ C） nature （ D） aura （ A） marked （ B） w
10、ritten （ C） labeled （ D） recorded Part A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points) 21 It may not have generated much interest outside energy and investment circles, but a recent comment by Tidewater, Inc. president Dean Tayl
11、or sent earthquakes through the New Orleans business community. In June, Taylor told the Houston Chronicle that the international marine services company the worlds largest operator of ships serving the offshore oil industry was seriously considering moving its headquarters, along with scores of adm
12、inistrative jobs, from the Crescent City to Houston, “We have a lot of sympathy for the city, “ Taylor said. “But our shareholders dont pay us to have sympathy. They pay us to have results for them“. It was the last thing the hurricane-scarred city needed to hear. Tidewater was founded here a little
13、 more than 50 years ago, and kept its main office in New Orleans throughout the oil bust of the-1980s and the following decades of industry consolidation, when dozens of energy firms all but abandoned New Orleans for greener pastures on the Texas coast. In the nearly two years since Hurricane Katrin
14、a ravaged the city, the pace of exodus has accelerated, complicating New Orleans halting recovery; according to the local business weekly CityBusiness, the metropolitan area has lost 12 of the 23 publicly traded companies headquartered here, taking white-collar jobs, Corporate community support and
15、sorely needed taxpayers with them and threatening to leave the city even more dependent on a tourism-based economy than it was before the storm. Making matters worse, some observers say, is the city leaderships apparent indifference to the bloodletting. Just weeks after Hurricane Katrina in August 2
16、005, Mayor Ray Nagin, then in the very early stages of a heated reelection bid, dismissed warnings that many companies, like displaced residents, might opt to relocate. Nagin said he hoped they would stay. “But if they dont“, he said with typical glibness, “Ill send them a postcard“. The comment mig
17、ht have been written off as one of Nagins many verbal missteps. But in the months that followed, the warnings turned out in many cases to be true, even as the citys rebuilding effort languished, infrastructure repairs limped along, the state reimbursement program for damaged homes faltered and the N
18、ew Orleans infamous crime rate made a sickening comeback. New Orleans “wasnt considered a great city for doing business before the storm. People were always dribbling out“, says Peter Ricchiuti, a professor of economics at Tulane University. While many of the companies that made it through the storm
19、 could stand to benefit from the citys recovery, he says, Katrina may have hastened the loss of high-paying energy jobs. “Were losing the white-collar jobs and keeping the blue-collar jobs“, he says. “Were becoming much more of a blue-collar oil industry“. One of the latest examples is Chevron Corp.
20、, which is building new offices in the northern suburbs, 40 miles north of the city across Lake Pontchartraln, and plans to transfer 550 employees from New Orleans to Covington by the end of the year. That would take well-paid people out of downtown New Orleans, a move that will impact the central b
21、usiness districts economy. “We made the decision in May, 2006, when our employees were making important housing decisions“, says Qi Wilson, a Chevron spokesperson. The company; like many employees, decided the north shore offered better security should another hurricane strike, along with fewer of t
22、he post-Katrina headaches that still plague the city. The move “will make it easier to retain the talent we have, and to attract new talent“, Wilson says. 21 It can be inferred from the first paragraph that. （ A） Dean Taylor is also famous outside energy and investment circles. （ B） shareholders are
23、 not paid to have sympathy. （ C） many companies are planning to move their offices into New Orleans. （ D） shareholders are more concerned with performance. 22 The word “exodus“(paragraph 2) most probably means （ A） emigration. （ B） exit. （ C） hurricane. （ D） reconstruction. 23 Mayor Ray Nagin is quo
24、ted in the 3rd paragraph to （ A） stress the consequences of careless talking by politicians. （ B） show the local governments indifference to the exodus. （ C） illustrate the citys efforts in rebuilding their infrastructure. （ D） criticize his strange hobby of sending postcards to companies. 24 Accord
25、ing to Peter Ricchiuti, New Orleans （ A） is often struck by hurricanes such as Katrina. （ B） no longer paid white collars as much as before. （ C） failed to recover from the storm as planned, （ D） will lose more while-collar jobs in oil industry after the storm. 25 According to Wilson, Chevron intend
26、s to transfer its employees chiefly to （ A） find a safer place for both business and living. （ B） protect the company from other possible storms. （ C） maintain the number of their employees. （ D） downtown New Orleans is no longer a business center. 26 Sleep is a funny thing. Were taught that we shou
27、ld get seven or eight hours a night, but a lot of us get by just fine on less, and some of us actually sleep too much. A study out of the University of Buffalo last month reported that people who routinely sleep more than eight hours a day and are still tired are nearly three times as likely to die
28、of strokeprobably as a result of an underlying disorder that keeps them from snoozing soundly. Doctors have their own special sleep problems. Residents are famously sleep deprived. When I was training to become a doctor, it was not unusual to work 40 hours in a row without rest. Most of us took it i
29、n stride, confident we could still deliver the highest quality of medical care. Maybe we shouldnt have been so sure of ourselves. An article in the Journal of the American Medical Association points out that in the morning after 24 hours of sleeplessness, a persons motor performance is comparable to
30、 that of someone who is legally intoxicated. Curiously, surgeons who believe that operating under the influence is grounds for dismissal often dont think twice about operating without enough sleep. “I could tell you horror stories“, says Jaya Agrawal, president of the American Medical Student Associ
31、ation, which runs a website where residents can post anonymous anecdotes. Some are terrifying. “I was operating after being up for over 36 hours“, one writes. “I literally fell asleep standing up and nearly face planted into the wound“. “Practically every surgical resident I know has fallen asleep a
32、t the wheel driving home from work“, writes another. “I know of three who have hit parked cars. Another hit a convenience store on the roadside“. “Your own patients have become the enemy“, writes a third“, because they are the one thing that stands between you and a few hours of sleep“. Agrawals org
33、anization is supporting the Patient and Physician Safety and Protection Act of 2001, introduced last November by Representative John Conyers Jr. of Michigan. Its key provisions, modeled on New York States regulations, include an 80-hour workweek and a 24 hour work-shift limit. Most doctors, however,
34、 resist such interference. Dr. Charles Binkley, a senior surgery resident at the University of Michigan, agrees that something needs to be done but believes“ doctors should be bound by their conscience, not by the government“. The U.S. controls the hours of pilots and truck drivers. But until such a
35、 system is in place for doctors, patients are on their own. If youre worried about the people treating you, you should feel free to ask how many hours of sleep they have had. Doctors, for their part, have to give up their pose of infallibility and get the rest they need. 26 Which of the following is
36、 NOT true according to the text? （ A） In a recent scientific research, the scientists points out that someone who sleeps beyond the limit will probably not be in good health. （ B） In the United States, the doctors usually do not take their sleep problems seriously. （ C） Most doctors agree that the p
37、roblems should be solved only by way of some compulsory means. （ D） The U.S. government has already restricted the doctors working hours. 27 In the last paragraph,the expression“, patients are on their own“ most probably means （ A） patients are alone when they are in hospital. （ B） patients will try
38、 their luck on their doctors health. （ C） patients will have some problems related to them, rather than other people. （ D） patients will make their decisions for themselves. 28 On Jaya Agrawals website, what are the common responses to the doctors sleep problems? （ A） Most people insisted that the p
39、roblems have nothing to do with the interests of the majority of people. （ B） People who posted their opinions on the website thought the results of the problems would be too horribly to think. （ C） The internet-surfers believed that the government should regulate some laws to limit the doctors work
40、ing hours. （ D） People advocated that the problems could merely be solved by the doctors conscience. 29 It can be inferred from the passage that （ A） the U.S. legislators are alarmed about sleep-deprived doctors. （ B） the doctors should sleep much more than the ordinary people, （ C） the U.S. governm
41、ent as well as many ordinary people never pays enough attention to the problems. （ D） at the very beginning, the doctors insist that their sleep problems will lead to serious consequences. 30 Who is well aware of the consequences of the doctors sleep problem and runs a website to raise the common pe
42、oples awareness? （ A） The University of Buffalo. （ B） Jays AgrawaL （ C） Dr. Charles Binkley. （ D） John Conyers Jr. 31 Some oil companies plan to get rid of some of the pollution they produce by pumping it into rocks deep inside the Earth, where they say it will stay for thousands of years. Other peo
43、ple, though, arent so sure this is advisable; environmental groups say that putting this pollution back into the Earth is a bad idea. When oil burns, It doesnt just produce heat: it also produces carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide is a natural part of the air, but because people bum so much oil, theres
44、too much carbon dioxide in the air. This extra carbon dioxide is pollution; some scientific studies show that carbon dioxide is one of the“ greenhouse gases“ that is causing the Earths temperature to rise. Environmentalists say that the oil companies plans may not work. The oil companies say they ar
45、e making sure that the gas will never escape, but environmentalists wonder how the oil companies can be so sure that the gas wont seep into the air. They also point out that theres no way to check to make sure the gas isnt leaking. In addition, the environmentalists point out that the pumping costs
46、money for research and for equipment that the oil companies should be spending on preventing pollution, rather than on just moving it someplace else. Another problem, say some people who are concerned about the Earth, is that if the oil companies find a cheap way to get rid of their pollution, they
47、wont look for new kinds of energy. These environmentalists say that energy companies should be researching ways to use hydrogen, wind power, and solar power instead of finding better ways to use oil. They argue that continuing to use oil means that we will still need to buy oil from other countries
48、instead of producing our own cheap, clean energy. Environmentalists also say that burying pollution just pushes the problem into the future, rather than really solving it. They say that if the oil companies pump carbon dioxide into the rocks inside the Earth, it will be there for thousands of years,
49、 and that no one knows if this plan even if it works might turn into a pollution problem for all of us in the future. The oil companies insist that their plan is safe, and that putting the gas inside the Earth is a reasonable way to deal with it, They point out that there is a lot of room in the Earth for this extra gas, and that putting carbon dioxide inside the Earth means that the gas wont be in the air, and if its not in the air, it wont make the Ear
