1、Designation: C845/C845M 18Standard Specification forExpansive Hydraulic Cement1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C845/C845M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in p
2、arentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers hydraulic cements that expandduring the early hardening period after setting.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or
3、 inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, eachsystem shall be used independently of the other. Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.1.3 The text of this standard
4、references notes and footnoteswhich provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be consideredas requirements of this standard.1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standa
5、rd-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C33/C33M Specification for Concrete AggregatesC
6、109/C109M Test Method for Compressive Strength ofHydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or 50-mm CubeSpecimens)C114 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of HydraulicCementC183/C183M Practice for Sampling and the Amount ofTesting of Hydraulic CementC185 Test Method for Air Content of Hydraulic CementMor
7、tarC188 Test Method for Density of Hydraulic CementC465 Specification for Processing Additions for Use in theManufacture of Hydraulic CementsC688 Specification for Functional Additions for Use inHydraulic CementsC806 Test Method for Restrained Expansion of ExpansiveCement MortarC807 Test Method for
8、Time of Setting of Hydraulic CementMortar by Modified Vicat Needle3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 expansive cement (K)an expansive cement contain-ing anhydrous calcium aluminosulfate (4CaO3Al2O3SO3),calcium sulfate, and uncombined calcium oxide.3.1.2 expansive cement (M)an expansive cement conta
9、in-ing calcium aluminate cement and calcium sulfate.3.1.3 expansive cement (S)an expansive cement contain-ing tricalcium aluminate (C3A) and calcium sulfate.3.1.4 expansive hydraulic cementa cement composed es-sentially of hydraulic calcium silicates, calcium aluminates andcalcium sulfates, which, u
10、pon being mixed with water, forms apaste that increases significantly in volume during the earlyhardening period occurring after setting. This volume increaseis due principally to the reaction of the calcium aluminates andcalcium sulfates.3.1.5 shrinkage-compensating concreteconcrete that is in-tern
11、ally restrained with resilient reinforcing and made withexpansive cement which induces both compressive stress in theconcrete and positive steel strain that approximately off-setstensile stresses and negative strains induced by drying shrink-age.4. Classification4.1 The cement covered by this specif
12、ication is suitable foruse in shrinkage-compensating concrete and shall be desig-nated as Type E-1.NOTE 1Three kinds of expansive cement are identified in Section 3 bythe letters K, M, and S. The appropriate letter should be used as a suffixto the type designation when one of these kinds is desired.
13、 Expansivecement may also be prepared in other ways.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C01 onCement and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C01.13 on SpecialCements.Current edition approved July 1, 2018. Published July 2018. Originally approvedin 1976. Last prev
14、ious edition approved in 2012 as C845 12. DOI: 10.1520/C0845_C0845M-18.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe AST
15、M website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopmen
16、t of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.15. Ordering Information5.1 When it is desired that an optional requirement apply orthat the cement be of a particular kind, a specific request to thiseffect sh
17、ould be made by the purchaser.6. Chemical Composition6.1 Expansive cement shall conform to the requirements asto chemical composition prescribed in Table 1.6.2 The purchaser has the option of specifying that thealkalies (Na2O + 0.658K2O) shall not exceed 0.60 % (seeTable 2).NOTE 2This limit should b
18、e specified when the cement is to be usedin concrete with aggregates that may be reactive. Reference should bemade to Specification C33/C33M for suitable criteria of deleteriousreactivity.7. Physical Properties7.1 Expansive cement shall conform to the physical require-ments prescribed in Table 3.8.
19、Additions8.1 The cement covered by this specification shall containno additions except as follows:8.1.1 Water, or a functional addition, or both, that has beenshown to meet the requirements of Specification C688, may beadded in amounts such that the limits shown in Table 1 for losson ignition shall
20、not be exceeded.8.1.2 At the option of the manufacturer, processing addi-tions may be used in the manufacture of the cement, providedsuch materials in the amounts used have been shown to be notharmful in accordance with Specification C465.9. Test Methods9.1 The cement shall be sampled and the proper
21、ties enumer-ated in this specification shall be determined in accordancewith the following methods:9.1.1 SamplingPractice C183/C183M.9.1.2 Chemical AnalysisTest Methods C114.9.1.3 Time of SettingTest Method C807.9.1.4 Air ContentTest Method C185, using the actualspecific gravity of the cement if it
22、differs from 3.15 by morethan 0.05 in calculating the air content.9.1.5 Restrained Expansion of MortarTest Method C806.9.1.6 Compressive StrengthTest Method C109/C109M,except that a water-cement ratio of 0.500 shall be used, thespecimens shall be covered with a polyethylene sheet or othersuitable ma
23、terial for preventing loss or gain of moisture at thesurface of the specimens during the moist storage period in themolds, and the specimens shall remain in the molds for 3 days.9.1.7 DensityTest Method C188.10. Inspection10.1 Every facility shall be provided the purchaser forcareful inspection and
24、sampling of the finished cement. Thefinished cement may be inspected and sampled either at themill or at the site of the work, as may be specified by thepurchaser. The following periods from time of sampling shallbe allowed for completion of testing:7-day test 12 days28-day test 33 days10.2 The manu
25、facturer shall provide suitable facilities toenable the inspector to check the intergrinding or blendingoperation used to produce cement by either means. The plantfacilities for intergrinding or blending and inspection shall beadequate to ensure compliance with the provisions of thisspecification.11
26、. Rejection11.1 The cement may be rejected if it fails to meet any of therequirements of this specification.11.2 Cement remaining in bulk storage at the mill prior toshipment for a period greater than 6 months or cement in bagsin local storage in the hands of a vendor for more than 3months, after co
27、mpletion of the tests, may be retested forexpansion and may be rejected if it fails to conform to therequirements of this specification for expansion.11.3 Packages more than 2 % below the net weight markedthereon, may be rejected. Also, if the average net weight ofpackages in any shipment, as shown
28、by weighing 50 packagesat random, is less than that marked on the packages, the entireshipment may be rejected.12. Certification12.1 At the request of the purchaser, the manufacturer shallstate in writing the composition of a finished cement.12.2 The composition of any cement shall conform to thatsh
29、own in the statement of the manufacturer within the follow-ing tolerances:Tolerance, %Silicon dioxide (SiO2)3Aluminum oxide (Al2O3)2Calcium oxide (CaO) 3TABLE 1 Standard Chemical RequirementsComposition, %Magnesium oxide (MgO), max 6.0Insoluble residue, max 1.0Loss on ignition, max 4.0TABLE 2 Option
30、al Chemical RequirementsAlkalies (Na2O + 0.658 K2O) max, % 0.60TABLE 3 Physical RequirementsTime of setting, min, minutes 75Air content, max, vol % 12.0Restrained expansion of mortar:7-day expansion:min, % 0.04max, % 0.1028-day, percentage of 7-dayexpansion, max 115Compressive strength, min:7-day, p
31、si MPa 2100 1528-day, psi MPa 3500 24C845/C845M 18212.3 At the request of the purchaser, the manufacturer shallstate in writing the nature, amount, and identity of anyprocessing or functional addition that may have been used.Also, if requested, the manufacturer shall supply test datashowing complian
32、ce of any processing addition with theprovisions of Specification C465, and any functional additionwith the provisions of Specification C688.12.4 Upon request of the purchaser in the contract or order,a manufacturers certification that the material during produc-tion was tested in accordance with th
33、is specification togetherwith a report of the test results shall be furnished at the time ofshipment.13. Packaging and Package Marking13.1 When the cement is delivered in packages, the words“expansive cement,” the type, the kind (if the cement is one ofthe three kinds defined in Section 3), the name
34、 and brand of themanufacturer, and the net weight shall be plainly marked oneach package. Similar information shall be provided in theshipping documents accompanying the shipment of packagedor bulk cement. All packages shall be in good condition at thetime of inspection.14. Storage14.1 The cement sh
35、all be stored in a manner such as topermit easy access for proper inspection and identification ofeach shipment and in a suitable weathertight building that willprotect the cement from dampness and minimize warehouseset.15. Keywords15.1 calcium aluminate; calcium aluminosulfate; calciumoxide; calciu
36、m silicate; calcium sulfate; cement; expansive;hydraulic; shrinkage-compensated; tricalcium aluminateASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that det
37、ermination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved o
38、r withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel th
39、at your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints
40、 (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 183
