1、Designation: D 452 91 (Reapproved 2002)Standard Test Method forSieve Analysis of Surfacing for Asphalt Roofing Products1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 452; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the
2、year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the particlesize distribution of surfacing material, other than
3、mineralgranules, such as sand, mica, talc, or other powdered or flakymineral particles, used on both sides of “smooth” roll roofingand on the reverse side of asphalt shingles and mineral-surfaced roll roofing.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated
4、 with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:E 11 Specification for Wire Cloth and Sieves for TestingPurposes
5、23. Summary of Test Method3.1 A weighed sample of surfacing material is separatedthrough a series of sieves of progressively smaller openings forthe determination with particle size distribution.4. Significance and Use4.1 This test method is used to determine the grading ofmaterials used as surfacin
6、g. The results are used to determinecompliance of the particle size distribution with applicablespecification requirements.5. Apparatus5.1 SievesA set of the sieves listed in Table 1, conformingto Specification E 11. For routine testing, the group of sievesactually used shall include only those appr
7、opriate for thematerial being graded. Coarser or finer sieves, on which lessthan 0.05 mass % of the specimen would be found aftersieving, need not be included in the group.NOTE 1For relatively coarse or flaky materials, such as coarse mica,sieves from 1.18-mm to 212-m (Nos. 16 to 70) inclusive, will
8、 usually befound suitable. For finer surfacing materials, such as fine mica or talcflour, sieves from 600 to 75-m (Nos. 30 to 200) inclusive, will usuallygive a satisfactory sieve analysis.5.2 Sieve ShakerA mechanically operated sieve shaker,which produces a uniform rotary motion and tapping actionw
9、ith 140 to 160 taps per minute. The sieve shaker shall be fittedwith a hard maple plug to receive the impact of the tappingdevice. The entire apparatus shall be rigidly mounted bybolting to a solid foundation, preferably concrete.5.3 Sampling SplitterA riffle sampler with 9.5 or 12.7-mm(38 or12-in.)
10、 divisions, for reducing the sample to the specimenrequired for sieve analysis.5.4 Oven, capable of maintaining 105C (221F).5.5 BalanceA laboratory balance sensitive to 0.1 g.6. Sampling6.1 Each shipment of surfacing of a single type shall beconsidered a unit for sampling. If a shipment contains mor
11、ethan one type, the entire quantity of each type in the vehicleshall be considered a unit for sampling.6.2 Take the sample of surfacing shipped in bulk from thechute or conveyor while the vehicle is being loaded orunloaded. The ideal place is just where the material drops fromthe chute or belt. Coll
12、ect equal portions from the full width andthickness of the stream at regular intervals, with such fre-quency that a minimum of five samples will be taken and thetotal mass of the sample will be not less than 7.3 kg (16 lb). Donot allow the sampling receptacle to overflow under any1This test method i
13、s under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D08 on Roofingand Waterproofing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D08.02 onPrepared Roofings, Shingles, and Siding Materials.Current edition approved Nov. 15, 1991. Published January 1992. Originallypublished as D 452 37 T. Last previous edit
14、ion D 452 85.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.TABLE 1 Report FormRetained on Sieve Passing Sieve Percent1.70-mm (No. 12) . . .1.18-mm (No. 16) 1.70-mm (No. 12)A.850-m (No. 20) 1.18-mm (No. 16) .600-m (No. 30) 850-m (No. 20) .425-m (No. 40) 600-m (No. 30) .300-m (No. 50) 425-m (No. 40) .212-
15、m (No. 70) 300-m (No. 50) .150-m (No. 100) 212-m (No. 70) .75-m (No. 200) 150-m (No. 100) .75-m (No. 200) .Total .ADesignates U.S. Standard Sieve.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.circumstances. Overflow would tend to r
16、eject a higher propor-tion of the large particles than the small ones, and a represen-tative sample would not be obtained. The sample should notinclude the initial material discharged from the chute orconveyor.6.3 Take the sample from a shipment of surfacing shipped inbags, selected at random and eq
17、ual in number to the cube rootof the total number of bags in the vehicle. Collect equalportions of not less than 0.23 kg (0.5 lb) from each of the bagstaken from sampling and combine.7. Test Specimen7.1 Reduce the sample by riffling to a specimen of 100 to112 g. Use the entire specimen obtained from
18、 reduction of thesample for the sieve analysis.8. Procedure8.1 Assemble the group of sieves selected from Table 1 inorder, with the sieve having the largest opening at the top andthe one having the smallest opening at the bottom. Add a solidcollecting pan below the bottom sieve. Dry the test specime
19、n inan oven at about 105C (221F) for 2 h. Remove from theoven, cool in a desiccator, and then weigh to within 60.1 g.Place the specimen in the topmost sieve and complete theassembly by placing a solid cover over the top sieve. Securelyfasten the sieve assembly in the mechanical sieve-shakingdevice (
20、see 5.2).8.2 Pass the specimen through the assembled group ofsieves by subjecting it to the action of the sieve shaker for aperiod of 20 6 1 min. At the end of this period, remove thesolid collecting pan containing the portion of the materialpassing the finest sieve and weigh the contents to within
21、60.1g. Then reassemble the collecting pan with the sieves andcontinue shaking for an additional 10 min. At the end of thisperiod remove the collecting pan and weigh the contents again.If the additional material passing the finest sieve during thissecond shaking period does not exceed 0.5 mass % of t
22、hespecimen, consider the sieving complete. If it does exceed0.5 %, reassemble the collecting pan and sieves and shake forsuccessive additional 10-min periods, weighing the materialcollected in the pan after each period of shaking, until theamount passing the finest sieve in a 10-min shaking period i
23、sless than 0.5 mass % of the specimen.8.3 Carefully remove the portion of the specimen retainedon each of the sieves and on the pan, and weigh each portionto within 60.1 g.9. Report9.1 Report the results of the sieve analysis to the nearest0.1 % (omitting the results for those sieves on which less t
24、han0.05 mass % of the test specimen was collected), as illustratedin Table 1.9.2 The sum of the percentages reported shall be 100 61.5 %.10. Precision and Bias10.1 A retest made after recombining a freshly screenedsample by the same operator using the same sieves should giveresults within 61 percent
25、age point of the results previouslyobtained on each sieve. For example, if 25.0 % was retainedoriginally on the 212-m (No. 70) sieve, a retest should givebetween 24.0 and 26.0 %.11. Keywords11.1 asphalt roofing; mineral; sieve; surfacingASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of
26、 any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to
27、revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Y
28、our comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is co
29、pyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).D 452 91 (2002)2
