1、Designation: D 3138 04An American National StandardStandard Specification forSolvent Cements for Transition Joints Between Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) and Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC)Non-Pressure Piping Components1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3138; the number immedia
2、tely following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has
3、been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification provides general requirements forsolvent cements used in joining acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene(ABS) plastic pipe or fittings to poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC)plastic pipe or fittings.1.2 These cements are int
4、ended for use in cementing tran-sition joints between ABS and PVC materials in non-pressureapplications only (25 psi (170 kPa) or less).NOTE 1This specification was developed to provide a means forjoining an ABS non-pressure piping system using a solvent-cementedtransition joint, for example, joinin
5、g ABS building drain to a PVC sewersystem. The intention was not to create a specification for an all purposeABS-PVC solvent cement that would be used for mixing ofABS and PVCpiping materials nor to specify a cement that could generally be used foreither material. Specific cements for ABS or PVC com
6、ponents should beused (see 1.3).1.3 Solvent cements used for joining PVC pipe and fittingsare specified in Specification D 2564. Solvent cements used forjoining ABS pipe and fittings are specified in SpecificationD 2235.1.4 Arecommended procedure for joiningABS to PVC pipeand fittings for non-pressu
7、re applications is given in theappendix.1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the standard. The values given in parentheses are forinformation only.1.6 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to thetest methods portion, Section 6, of this specification: Thisstandar
8、d does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM S
9、tandards:2D 1084 Test Methods for Viscosity of AdhesivesD 1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating toPlasticsD 1784 Specification for Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC)Compounds and Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride)(CPVC) CompoundsD 2235 Specification for Solvent Cement for Acrylonitrile-Butadie
10、ne-Styrene (ABS) Plastic Pipe and FittingsD 2564 Specification for Solvent Cements for Poly(VinylChloride) (PVC) Plastic Piping SystemsD 2661 Specification for Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene(ABS) Schedule 40 Plastic Drain, Waste, and Vent Pipeand FittingsD 2665 Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride
11、) (PVC) Plas-tic Drain, Waste, and Vent Pipe and FittingsF 402 Practice for Safe Handling of Solvent Cements,Primers, and Cleaners Used for Joining Thermoplastic Pipeand FittingsF 412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping SystemsF 493 Specification for Solvent Cements for ChlorinatedPoly(Vinyl Chlo
12、ride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe and Fittings3. Terminology3.1 Definitions: Definitions are in accordance with Termi-nology F 412, and abbreviations are in accordance with Ter-minology D 1600, unless otherwise specified.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F17 on PlasticPiping Sy
13、stems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.20 on Joining.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2004. Published October 2004. Originallyapproved in 1972. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D 3138 02.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM
14、 Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.4. Materials and Manufacture4.
15、1 The solvent cement shall be a solution of Class12454-B, unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) molding or extru-sion compound as classified in Specification D 1784,orequivalent PVC resin.4.2 Either virgin or clean rework material may be used,provided that the rework material is generated from the solv
16、entcement manufacturers own production, is compatible withvirgin material, and will produce a cement that meets therequirements of this specification.4.3 The cement shall be free-flowing and shall not containlumps, macroscopic undissolved particles, or any foreignmatter that will adversely affect th
17、e ultimate joint strength orchemical resistance of the cement.4.4 The cement shall show no gelation. It shall show nostratification or separation that cannot be removed by stirringor shaking.4.5 Inert fillers may be added, provided the resulting cementmeets all requirements of this specification.4.6
18、 The solvents used in the formulation of this solventcement shall consist of tetrahydrofuran (THF) in combinationwith cyclohexanone or methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), or both.NOTE 2It is recommended that solvent cements made to this speci-fication not be orange since that color is recommended for use wit
19、h CPVCsolvent cement under Specification F 493.5. Other Requirements5.1 Resin ContentThe PVC resin content shall be 10 %minimum when tested in accordance with 6.1.5.2 DissolutionThe cement shall be capable of dissolvingan additional 3 weight % of Class 12454-B, PVC compound orthe equivalent PVC resi
20、n at 73.4 6 3.6F (23 6 2C) withoutevidence of gelation.5.3 ViscosityThe minimum viscosity at room temperatureshall be 90 cP (90 mPas) when tested in accordance with 6.2.NOTE 3Cements approaching the minimum viscosity requirement ofthis specification generally are not recommended for noninterference-
21、typefit (where a gap exists between the pipe and fitting socket).5.4 Lap Shear StrengthThe minimum average lap shearstrength when tested in accordance with 6.3.2 shall be 600 psi(4.1 MPa) after a 72-h curing time.5.5 Hydrostatic Burst StrengthThe minimum average hy-drostatic burst strength when test
22、ed in accordance with 6.3.3shall be 200 psi (1.4 MPa) after a 72-h curing time.6. Test Methods6.1 Solids Content:6.1.1 Apparatus:6.1.1.1 Ointment Tins (Style No. 12, 1-oz (30-mL), allmetal).6.1.1.2 Vacuum Oven.6.1.1.3 Analytical Balance.6.1.1.4 Centrifuge.6.1.2 Procedure:6.1.2.1 Stir the sample thor
23、oughly with a spatula beforeweighing (Note 4). Weight 3.0 6 0.5 g of the sample to thenearest 1 mg into a tared ointment tin. Place the tin into thevacuum oven (Note 5), and heat at 248F (120C) for 45 min+ 15, 0 min. Discard specimens left in for more than 1 h. Thevacuum must be continually in opera
24、tion to draw off flammablesolvents. Absolute pressure should not exceed 15 mm Hg.Remove the tin from the oven and place in a desiccator untilcooled to room temperature. Weigh the tin and dried sample tothe nearest 1 mg.NOTE 4This material is usually nonhomogeneous and shall be thor-oughly stirred be
25、fore weighing. The weighing shall also be accomplishedquickly to avoid loss of solvent by volatilization. Some vacuum ovensrequire a longer period of time than 15 min to reach 120C, even afterpreheating. It is recommended that the operator watch closely the timerequired to reach 120C and, by manipul
26、ation of the heat controlmechanism, minimize the amount of time required to reach 120C whilenot exceeding the required temperature.NOTE 5The use of a vacuum oven is mandatory for drying thespecimen. This oven has neither an exposed heating surface nor an openflame, thus avoiding the danger of flashi
27、ng. The oven also provides anopen vacuum to exhaust solvent fumes.6.1.2.2 After weighing, dissolve the dried sample in THFand determine quantitatively any inert fillers by means ofcentrifuging. Deduct the weight of the fillers determined fromthe weight of the dried sample prior to calculating the co
28、ntentof PVC resin in the cement.NOTE 6Dissolve most of the dried sample by adding 15 mL of THFto the sample in the ointment tin and stirring with a glass rod for 15 min.Dissolve the remainder with a second addition of 15 mL of THF, followedby a third addition of 5 mL of THF to rinse the ointment tin
29、. Centrifugethe entire volume at 20 000 r/min for 15 min. Discard the supernatantliquid. Add 15 mL of THF to the tube, mix thoroughly, and transfer thetube contents to the ointment tin. Use 2 mL more of THF to wash downthe tube, and pour into the ointment tin. Evaporate off the THF in thevacuum oven
30、 at 248F (120C) for 45 min. Cool in desiccator, weigh thetin to the nearest 1 mg, and calculate the percent of inert filler present inthe cement.6.1.3 CalculationCalculate the percentage of PVC resin,R, as follows:R,%5 B 2 A 2 D!/C 2 A!# 3 100where:A = weight of ointment tin,B = weight of tin and sp
31、ecimen after drying,C = weight of tin and specimen before drying, andD = weight of inert filler, if present.6.2 ViscosityMeasure the viscosity in accordance withMethod B of Test Methods D 1084 except that conditioning totemperature equilibrium only is required. For qualificationpurposes use a Model
32、RVF viscometer, a speed of 10 r/min,and the spindle that, by trial, gives the closest reading to centerrange of scale for the cement being tested. Other speeds may beused for quality control purposes.6.3 Bond Strength:6.3.1 Number of SpecimensA minimum of seven speci-mens shall be tested for the lap
33、 shear strength test (see 5.4). Aminimum of five specimens shall be tested for the hydrostaticburst strength test (see5.5).6.3.2 Lap Shear Strength:6.3.2.1 Each test specimen (Fig. 1) shall consist ofa1by1-in. (25 by 25-mm) section cut from a14-in. (6-mm) thickD 3138 042Type I rigid ABS sheet anda1b
34、y2-in. (25 by 50-mm) sectioncut from a14-in. (6-mm) thick Type I rigid PVC sheet.6.3.2.2 Clean the surfaces to be adhered with a clothdampened with methyl ethyl ketone (MEK).6.3.2.3 Using a 1-in. (25-mm) natural bristle brush, apply athin layer of cement to the complete surface ofa1by1-in. (25by 25-
35、mm) sheet section and to the center of a 1 by 2-in. (25by 50-mm) sheet section.6.3.2.4 Assemble these sections immediately and rotate the1 by 1-in. (25 by 25-mm) section 180 on the 1 by 2-in. (25 by50-mm) section, within 5 s, using light hand pressure (approxi-mately 0.5 lbf (2 N).6.3.2.5 Place the
36、assembled test specimen on a clean, levelsurface using the 1 by 2-in. (25 by 50-mm) section as a base.After 30 s, place a 4.4-lb (2-kg) weight on the test specimen fora period of 3 min, and then remove.6.3.2.6 Store the assembled test specimens at 73.4 6 3.6F(23 6 2C) for the specified time and test
37、 immediately in aholding fixture similar to that shown in Fig. 2. The shear speedshall be 0.05 in. (1.25 mm)/min. Express the results in poundsper square inch (or megapascals).6.3.2.7 Disregard the lowest and highest value for thecalculation of the average lap shear strength.6.3.3 Hydrostatic Burst
38、Strength:6.3.3.1 Use nominal 2-in. PVC pipe meeting the require-ments of Specification D 2665 and 2-in. ABS couplings meet-ing the requirements of Specification D 2661.6.3.3.2 Cut the pipe square into 6-in. (152-mm) lengths.6.3.3.3 Deburr the pipe and clean the pipe and fitting with aclean dry rag.6
39、.3.3.4 Check the dry fit of the pipe into the coupling socketfor interference fit. The fit shall be such that the pipe will enterthe socket from13 to23 of the socket depth dry whenassembled by hand.6.3.3.5 Dip a 1-in. brush into MEK and apply a uniformcoating of MEK on the PVC pipe. Allow to set 30
40、s.6.3.3.6 Immediately flow on a uniform liberal coat ofcement on the PVC pipe with a 1-in. bristle brush.6.3.3.7 Apply a uniform light coat of cement to the ABScoupling.6.3.3.8 Apply a second uniform layer of cement to the pipe.6.3.3.9 Assemble immediately while joining surfaces arewet. Hold joint t
41、ogether for 1 min for initial set and wipe offbead of cement at juncture of pipe and fitting.6.3.3.10 Store the cemented specimens at 73.4 6 3.6F (236 2C) and 50 6 5 % relative humidity for 72 h and testimmediately.6.3.3.11 Increase the internal hydrostatic pressure at the rateof 200 psi (1.4 MPa) 6
42、 10 % until failure occurs.7. Retest and Rejection7.1 If the results of any test(s) do not meet the requirementsof this specification, the test(s) may be conducted again inaccordance with an agreement between the purchaser and theseller. There shall be no agreement to lower the minimumrequirement of
43、 the specification by such means as omittingtests that are a part of the specification, substituting ormodifying a test method, or by changing the specificationlimits. In retesting, the product requirements of this specifica-tion shall be met, and the test methods designated in thespecification shal
44、l be followed. If, upon retest, failure occurs,the quantity of product represented by the test(s) does not meetthe requirements of this specification.8. Report8.1 Report the following information:8.1.1 Name of cement manufacturer,8.1.2 Lot number,8.1.3 Total PVC resin, 0/0W,8.1.4 Dissolution, pass o
45、r fail,8.1.5 Viscosity,8.1.6 Average lap shear strength at each cure time andcomplete identification of PVC and ABS sheet stock used inthe tests,8.1.7 Average hydrostatic burst strength, and8.1.8 Total inert filler, 0/0W.9. Certification9.1 When specified in the purchase order, the manufacturershall
46、 certify to the purchaser or to his nominee that the productsin the specified lots meet all the requirements of this specifi-cation and, when requested, shall include a copy of themanufacturers routine quality control tests results to documentthat the specification requirements have been met. Each c
47、erti-fication so furnished shall be signed by an authorized agent ofthe manufacturer.10. Container Labeling and Marking10.1 Container labeling of cement shall include the follow-ing:10.1.1 Manufacturers or suppliers name and address andtradename or trademark.10.1.2 This designation: ASTM D 3138.FIG.
48、 1 Compressive Shear SpecimenFIG. 2 Typical Specimen Holding FixtureD 3138 04310.1.3 Function of material; for use on transition jointsbetween ABS and PVC non-pressure systems (examples:building drain to building sewer, building sewer to mainsewer).10.1.4 Procedure or instructions for application of
49、 the ce-ment.10.1.5 Lot number of batch on container (not on closure orlid.)10.1.6 All warnings and cautions necessitated by:10.1.6.1 Ingredients,10.1.6.2 Handling and distribution of the product,10.1.6.3 Intended use of the product, and10.1.6.4 Requirements of law (such as the Federal Hazard-ous Substance Act). These are intended to warn those whohandle or use the product against potential hazards, such asflammability, toxicity, etc.NOTE 7It is recommended that the color of the contents be indicatedon the label.11. Safe Handling of Solv
