ASTM D3321-1994(2002) Standard Test Method for Use of the Refractometer for Field Test Determination of the Freezing Point of Aqueous Engine Coolants《现场试验测定含水发动机冷却剂冻结点用折射计的使用标准试验方法.pdf
《ASTM D3321-1994(2002) Standard Test Method for Use of the Refractometer for Field Test Determination of the Freezing Point of Aqueous Engine Coolants《现场试验测定含水发动机冷却剂冻结点用折射计的使用标准试验方法.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《ASTM D3321-1994(2002) Standard Test Method for Use of the Refractometer for Field Test Determination of the Freezing Point of Aqueous Engine Coolants《现场试验测定含水发动机冷却剂冻结点用折射计的使用标准试验方法.pdf(3页珍藏版)》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。
1、Designation: D 3321 94 (Reapproved 2002)Standard Test Method forUse of the Refractometer for Field Test Determination of theFreezing Point of Aqueous Engine Coolants1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3321; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforig
2、inal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the use of a portable refracto-meter f
3、or determining the approximate freezing protectionprovided by ethylene and propylene glycol-based coolantsolutions as used in engine cooling systems and specialapplications.NOTE 1Some instruments have a supplementary freezing protectionscale for methoxypropanol coolants. Others carry a supplemental
4、scalecalibrated in density or specific gravity readings of sulfuric acid solutionsso that the refractometer can be used to determine the charged conditionof lead acid storage batteries.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are for inform
5、ationonly.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Re
6、ferenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:D 1177 Test Method for Freezing Point of Aqueous EngineCoolants23. Summary of Test Method3.1 These coolant testers3are critical-angle refractometersdesigned for rapid, approximate measurement of ethylene andpropylene glycol coolant freezing point protection. Only
7、 a fewdrops of test solution are required. Some testers automaticallycorrect for ambient air temperature and the temperature of thesolution being tested. The instrument is rugged, simple to read,and easy to clean and maintain.3.2 The coolant freezing point readings are taken at pointswhere the divid
8、ing line between light and dark crosses thescales. Some refractometers have a coolant scale for indicatingthe freezing point of aqueous ethylene glycol coolants only,while other refractometers also have a scale for indicating thefreezing point of aqueous propylene glycol coolants. The rangeof the sc
9、ales varies from one device to another.3.3 Freezing point measurements are concentration-relatedvalues and are in turn directly related to refractive index. It hasbeen empirically determined that freezing point measurementsare accurate within 1C (2F).4. Significance and Use4.1 This practice is commo
10、nly used by vehicle servicepersonnel to determine the freezing point, in degrees Celsius orFahrenheit, of aqueous solutions of commercial ethylene andpropylene glycol-based coolant. A durable hand-held refracto-meter is available that reads the freezing point, directly, indegrees Celsius or Fahrenhe
11、it, when a few drops of enginecoolant are properly placed on the temperature-compensatedprism surface of the refractometer. This refractometer is forglycol and water solutions, and is not suitable for other coolantsolutions.4.2 The hand-held refractometer should be calibrated beforeuse (see Section
12、7).4.3 Care must be taken to use the correct glycol freezingpoint scale for the glycol type being measured. Use of thewrong glycol scale can result in freezing point errors of 18 andmore degrees Fahrenheit.4.4 Ethylene glycol/propylene glycol mixtures will result ininaccurate freezing point measurem
13、ents using either freezingpoint scale.5. Interferences5.1 Interference can occur if the mixture is contaminated orif the prism surface is not clean. The presence of other glycolssuch as diethylene glycol in small amounts will not causeinterference.6. Apparatus6.1 The hand-held critical angle refract
14、ometer is a ruggeddie-cast portable instrument that is covered with a high-impactplastic to minimize damage to the eyepiece lens if dropped. Apolished glass prism is opposite the viewing end. A hingedplastic cover is moved over the prism (sampling end) to allow1This test method is under the jurisdic
15、tion of ASTM Committee D15 on EngineCoolants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D15.03 on PhysicalProperties.Current edition approved Aug. 15, 1994. Published October 1994. Originallypublished as D 3321 74. Last previous edition D 3321 93.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.05.3Cool
16、ant testers are available from Leica Inc., P.O. Box 123, Buffalo, NY 14240and Misco Products, 3401 Virginia Rd., Cleveland, OH 44122.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.for even sample distribution and prevent liquid samp
17、le spillageduring the test. No eyepiece or prism adjustments are requiredfor sample testing.6.2 The telescopic recessed eyepiece is located at one endand the graduated, translucent prism on the opposite end (seeFig. 1).7. Calibration7.1 Calibration of these coolant testers should periodicallybe veri
18、fied by testing a water sample in accordance with theprocedure outlined in Section 8.7.2 If the sample tested deviates from 0C (+32F) thecoolant tester is out of calibration and should be recalibrated.7.3 This calibration test is best performed with the coolanttester and water sample at room tempera
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