1、Designation: D 3811/D 3811M 96 (Reapproved 2006)Standard Test Method forUnwind Force of Pressure-Sensitive Tapes1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3811/D 3811M; the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or, in the case of revision, th
2、e year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval. A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers on
3、e procedure for determiningthe force required to unwind a roll of pressure-sensitive tape.1.2 The values stated in either SI or inch-pound units are tobe regarded separately as standard. The values stated in eachsystem may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each systemmust be used independently, w
4、ithout combining values in anyway.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limita
5、tions prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 996 Terminology of Packaging and Distribution Environ-mentsD 3715/D 3715M Practice for Quality Assurance ofPressure-Sensitive TapesD 4332 Practice for Conditioning Containers, Packages, orPackaging Components for TestingE 122 Practice f
6、or Calculating Sample Size to Estimate,With a Specified Tolerable Error, the Average for aCharacteristic of a Lot or Process3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsGeneral terms in this test method aredefined in Terminology D 996.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 The sample roll of tape is placed on a free-turnings
7、pindle held in a CRE (constant-rate-of-extension) tensiontester. While the crosshead is moved at a specified rate, themaximum force measured during unwinding of approximately150 mm 6 in. of tape is taken as the unwind force.5. Significance and Use5.1 This procedure simulates hand and machine unwindi
8、ngof tape at low rates. The force required for unwinding at lowrates is a function of rate.At some rate (expected to be differentfor each construction type and manufacturer) there occurs aninversion of the response. The rate for this test method does notallow for comparisons of different tapes that
9、will be unwoundat high rates.5.2 This procedure can be used to indicate satisfactionwhere a specification for unwind, either maximum or mini-mum, is established and when the responses referred to in 5.1are taken into consideration.6. Apparatus6.1 Unwind Force TesterA CRE tension tester shall beused.
10、 The tester shall have two clamps with centers in the sameplane, parallel with the direction of motion of the stressingclamp, and so aligned that they will hold the specimen whollyin the same plane; a means of moving the stressing clamp at auniform rate of 5 6 0.2 mm/s 12.0 6 0.5 in./min; and anauto
11、graphic device for recording load. The instrument shall becalibrated to an accuracy of 0.5 % full scale. The scale rangeused for any test shall be such that the mean test level fallswithin 20 to 50 % of full scale.6.2 Free-Turning Spindle,3sized to fit snugly inside thesample tape core, with its axi
12、s horizontally supported in aframe that can be held in the clamp on the crosshead of theunwind tester that is not supporting the load cell.7. Sampling7.1 Acceptance SamplingSampling shall be in accordancewith Practice D 3715/D 3715M.7.2 Sampling for Other PurposesThe sampling and num-ber of test spe
13、cimens depends on the purpose of the testing.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D10 onPackaging and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D10.14 on Tape andLabels.Current edition approved April 1, 2006. Published April 2006. Originallyapproved in 1979. Last previous
14、 edition approved in 2001 as D 3811/D 3811M 96 (2001).2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The so
15、le source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this timeis Chemsultants International, 9349 Hamilton Dr., Mentor, OH 440611118. If youare aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTMInternational Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideratio
16、n at ameeting of the responsible technical committee,1which you may attend.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.Practice E 122 is recommended. It is common to test at leastfive specimens of a particular tape. Test specimen
17、s should betaken from several rolls of tape and wherever possible, amongseveral production runs of tape. Strong conclusions about aspecific property of a tape cannot be based on test results of asingle unit (roll) of a product.8. Test Specimens8.1 Specimens shall be the strip of tape unwound from th
18、eoriginally wound sample roll during performance in accor-dance with Section 10. The specimen shall be as wide as thesample roll.8.2 Unwind and discard at least three, but no more than six,outer wraps of tape from the sample roll before unwindingspecimens for test.9. Conditioning9.1 Condition the sa
19、mple rolls in the standard conditioningatmosphere as described in Practice D 4332 for a period of notless than 24 h. Test at these conditions.10. Procedure10.1 Place the free-turning spindle into the clamp notassociated with the load cell.10.2 Place the sample roll on the spindle.10.3 Unwind suffici
20、ent tape by hand to allow folding theend over to form a tab and insertion of the tab into the oppositeclamp.10.4 Unwind approximately 150 mm 6 in. mechanically at5 mm/s 12 in./min.10.5 Observe the autographic record to find the maximumforce to the nearest N/100 mm 0.1 lbf/in. during the unwind-ing i
21、n 10.4. Examine the roll and the unwound strip forevidence of transfer of adhesive and tearing, or delamination ofthe backing.11. Report11.1 The report shall include the following:11.1.1 Statement that this test method was used. Indicateany deviations from this test method as written.11.1.2 Manufact
22、urers name and designation for the tape.11.1.3 Report the results found in 10.5 to the nearest N/100mm lbf/in. by the average and the standard deviation. Reportthe number of samples.11.1.4 The occurrence of adhesive transfer and tearing, ordelamination of backing found in 10.5.12. Precision and Bias
23、412.1 Precision:12.1.1 An interlaboratory evaluation of four types ofpressure-sensitive tape by five laboratories has been conducted.The following summary presents the standard deviations aspercentages of the mean. These may be larger or smaller forany particular tape type or any particular manufact
24、urer.Residual (within roll and replication error) 7.6 %Between rolls (of one tape type) 15.4 %Between people (testers in one laboratory) 4.0 %Between laboratories 18.5 %12.1.2 These may be combined in several ways to obtain thedesired estimate of precision. Since the repeatability (within-laboratory
25、 replication error) can be determined by a laboratoryfor a particular tape, this information can be used with thereported information to obtain more meaningful estimates ofprecision.12.2 BiasNo measure of bias is possible with this testmethod because an accepted reference or referee value is notavai
26、lable.13. Keywords13.1 pressure-sensitive tape; unwind forceASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such pa
27、tent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited ei
28、ther for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair
29、 hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this stan
30、dard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).4Supporting data are available from ASTM International Headquarters. RequestRR: D-10-1002, Report 2.D 3811/D 3811M 96 (2006)2
