1、Designation: D4549 15Standard Classification System and Basis for Specification forPolystyrene and Rubber-Modified Polystyrene Molding andExtrusion Materials (PS)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4549; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal
2、 adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of D
3、efense.1. Scope*1.1 This classification system covers polystyrene materials,both crystal and rubber modified, suitable for molding andextrusion.1.2 This classification system and subsequent line callout(specification) are intended to be a means of calling out plasticmaterials used in the fabrication
4、 of end items or parts. It is notintended for the selection of materials. Material selection canbe made by those having expertise in the plastics field aftercareful consideration of the design and the performancerequired of the part, the environment to which it will beexposed, the fabrication proces
5、s to be employed, the inherentproperties of the material other than those covered by thisspecification, and the economics.1.3 The properties included in this specification are thoserequired to identify the compositions covered. Other require-ments necessary to identify particular characteristics imp
6、ortantto specialized applications are to be specified using the suffixesas given in Section 5.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.NOTE 1This standard combines elements from ISO 1622-1-2 and ISO2897-1-2, but is no
7、t equivalent to either ISO standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D256 Test Methods for Determining the Izod PendulumImpact Resistance of PlasticsD638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of PlasticsD648 Test Method for Deflection Temperature of PlasticsUnder Flexural Load in the Edgewise
8、 PositionD790 Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforcedand Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materi-alsD792 Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Rela-tive Density) of Plastics by DisplacementD883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD1238 Test Method for Melt Flow Rates o
9、f Thermoplasticsby Extrusion PlastometerD1525 Test Method for Vicat Softening Temperature ofPlasticsD1600 Terminology forAbbreviated Terms Relating to Plas-ticsD3892 Practice for Packaging/Packing of PlasticsD4000 Classification System for Specifying Plastic Materi-alsD5630 Test Method for Ash Conte
10、nt in PlasticsE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsManual on Presentation of Data and Control ChartAnalysis,8th Edition, Catalog Number: MNL7-8TH-EB2.2 ISO Standards:3ISO 1622-1-2 Polystyrene (PS) Molding and ExtrusionMaterialsPart 1: Desi
11、gnation System and Basis forSpecificationsISO 1622-2 Polystyrene (PS) Molding and ExtrusionMaterialsPart 2: Preparation of Test Specimens andDetermination of PropertiesISO 2897-1 Impact-Resistant Polystyrene (PS-I) Moldingand Extrusion MaterialsPart 1: Designation System andBasis for SpecificationsI
12、SO 2897-2 Impact-Resistant Polystyrene (PS-I) Moldingand Extrusion MaterialsPart 2: Preparation of TestSpecimens and Determination of Properties3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsThe terminology used in this classificationsystem is in accordance with Terminologies D883 and D1600.1This specification is und
13、er the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 onPlastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.15 on ThermoplasticMaterials.Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2015. Published September 2015. Originallyapproved in 1985. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D4549 11. DOI:10.1520/D4549-1
14、5.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI
15、), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States14. Classification4.1 Polystyrene materials are classi
16、fied into groups in ac-cordance with classes and grades as shown in the basicproperty table (Table PS). Injection molded properties are thepreferred standard and are used for the basis of call outexamples.NOTE 2Since compression molded properties have been removedfrom the standard with this publicat
17、ion, refer to previous publications ofthis standard, if interested in these properties.NOTE 3An example of this classification system for PS0111 is asfollows: The designation PS0111 would indicate: PS = polystyrene asfound in Terminology D1600, 01 (group) = crystal polystyrene, 1 (class)= general-pu
18、rpose, and 1 (grade) = minimum-grade requirements as foundin Table PS.4.1.1 To facilitate the incorporation of future or specialmaterials, the “other/unspecified” category (0) for group, class,and grade is shown in Table PS. The basic properties areobtained from Tables A or B as they apply (see 4.3)
19、.4.2 Reinforced and filled polystyrene materials are classi-fied in accordance with Table PS and Table A. Table PSspecifies unreinforced material and Table A the properties afteraddition of reinforcements or lubricants at the normal levelsindicated (see 4.2.1).4.2.1 Reinforcements and Additive Mater
20、ialsA single let-ter will be used for the major reinforcement or combination, orboth, along with two digits that indicate the percentage ofaddition by mass with the tolerances tabulated as follows:Symbol Material Tolerance(Based on Total Mass)C Carbon and graphitefiber-reinforced2%G Glass 2 %M Miner
21、al-reinforced 2 %L Lubricants Depends upon material andprocess to be specifiedR Combination ofreinforcementor fillers, or both2%NOTE 4This part of the system uses the type and percentages ofadditive to designate the modification of the basic material. Percentage ofadditives can be shown on the suppl
22、iers Technical Data Sheet unless it isproprietary. If necessary, additional requirements shall be indicated by theuse of the suffix part of the system, as given in Section 5.NOTE 5Determine ash content of filled or reinforced materials usingTest Method D5630 where applicable.4.2.2 Table A, Detail Re
23、quirementsAn identifying numberis made up of the letter A and five digits comprising the cellnumbers for the new requirements in the designated order asthey appear in Table A.4.2.2.1 Although the values listed are necessary to includethe range of properties available in existing materials, notevery
24、possible combination of the properties exists or can beobtained.NOTE 6An example of a reinforced polystyrene of this classificationsystem is as follows: The designation PS0110G15A12332 would indicatethe following material requirements from Table A:0110 = Polystyrene, crystal, from Table PS,G15 = Gla
25、ss-reinforced at 15 % nominal (see 4.2.1),A = Table A for property requirements,1 = Tensile strength, 50 MPa, min,2 = Flexural modulus, 4200 MPa, min,3 = Izod impact, 40 J/m, min,3 = Deflection temperature, 102C, min, and2 = Specific gravity, 1.2, min.If no properties are specified, the designation
26、would bePS0110G15-A00000.4.3 Table B has been incorporated into this specification tofacilitate the classification of special materials where Table PSor Table A does not reflect the required properties. Tables shallbe used in the same manner as Table A.NOTE 7An example of a special material using th
27、is classificationsystem is as follows: The designation PS0110B76013 indicates thefollowing, with the material requirements from Table B:PS0110 = Polystyrene, crystal, from Table PS,B = Cell Table B for property requirements,7 = Tensile strength, 70 MPa, min,6 = Tensile modulus, 2700 MPa, min,0 = Uns
28、pecified Izod impactI = Vicat softening temperature, 85C, min, and3 = Flow rate, 3.0, min.TABLE PS Polystyrene Materials, Detail Requirements, Natural Color OnlyGroup Description Class Description GradeDescrip-tionMelt Flow Rate,ASTM D1238, Con-dition 200/5.0 g/10min, minAIzod Impact, (12.7by 3.2 mm
29、) ASTMD256,min,J/mBTensile Strength atYield, ASTM D638,min, MPaC, DTensile Modulus,ASTM D638, min,MPaDVicat SofteningPoint, ASTMD1525, Rate B, C,min 1000-g loadInjection molded Injection molded Injection molded Injection molded Injection molded01 Crystal 1 General- 1 1.0 45 3100 100Purpose 2 5.0 40
30、3000 953 10.0 35 2900 850 Other 0 Other Unspecified Unspecified02 Rubber- 1 Medium- 1 1.0 40 34 2500 95modified impact 2 5.0 40 28 2300 903 10.0 40 22 2000 850 Other Unspecified Unspecified2 High-impact 1 1.0 80 20 2000 952 5.0 80 18 1800 903 10.0 80 16 1600 850 Other Unspecified Unspecified3 Super-
31、high- 1 1.0 120 14 1400 90impact 2 5.0 120 12 1200 850 Other 0 Other Unspecified Unspecified00 Other 0 0AUse pellets, powder, or parts cut into pieces that can fit into the barrel.BMethod A, specimen are nominal 3.2-mm thick injection-molded and taken from the center of Type I (D638) specimen.CValue
32、s in this column for crystal PS are not yield, but break strengths; crystal PS does not exhibit a yield point.D4549 152DTensile properties determined on nominal 3.2-mm thick injection-molded Type I specimen tested at 5 mm/min.TABLE A Reinforced Polystyrene Materials, Detail RequirementsADesignationO
33、rder NumberInjection Molded Properties 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91 Tensile strength, ASTM D638,Type 1 Specimens, min, MPaUnspeci-fied50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 Specify2 Flexural modulusA, ASTM D790,min, MPaUnspeci-fied3500 4200 4900 5600 6300 7000 8500 10 000 Specify3 Izod impact, same specimen as re-quire
34、d in Table PS, Footnote B,ASTM D256,min,J/mUnspeci-fied10 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 Specify4 DTULB, ASTM D648, unannealed,1.82 MPa, min, CUnspeci-fied94 98 102 106 110 114 118 122 Specify5 Specific gravity, ASTM D792, min Unspeci-fied1.1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 SpecifyAMethod A: nominal 3.2 by 12.
35、7 - mm sample: 50 - mm span: 1.3 - mm min cross-head rate tangent modulus.BDeflection temperature of plastics under flexural load (12.7 by 3.2-mm) sample.TABLE B Unreinforced Polystyrene Materials, Detail RequirementsDesignationOrder NumberInjection Molded Properties 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91 Tensile str
36、ength, ASTM D638,Type 1 Specimens, min MPaUnspeci-fied10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Specify2 Tensile modulus, ASTM D638,min, MPaUnspeci-fied1200 1500 1800 2100 2400 2700 3000 3300 Specify3 Izod impact, same specimen as re-quired in Table PS, FootnoteB, ASTM D256,min,J/mUnspeci-fied10 25 50 100 150 200 250
37、 300 Specify4 Vicat softening point, ASTM D1525,min, C, Rate BUnspeci-fied85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120 Specify5 Melt flow rate, ASTMD1238, Condition 200/5.0, min,g/10 minUnspeci-fied0.5 1.0 3.0 5.0 7.0 9.0 12.0 15.0 Specify5. Suffix Requirements5.1 When additional requirements are needed that are no
38、tcovered by the basic requirements or cell table requirements,they shall be indicated through the use of suffixes.5.2 A list of suffixes is found in Classification SystemD4000 (Table 3) and are to be used for additional requirementsas appropriate. Additional suffixes will be added to thatstandard as
39、 test methods and requirements are developed andrequested.NOTE 8Properties of pigmented or colored PS materials can differfrom the properties of natural or unpigmented PS material, depending onthe choice of colorants and the concentration. The main property affectedis ductility, as illustrated by a
40、reduction in Izod impact strength. If specificproperties of pigmented PS materials are necessary, prior testing betweenthe materials supplier and end user should be initiated.6. Basic Requirements6.1 Basic requirements from the property tables or celltables are always in effect unless these requirem
41、ents aresuperseded by specific suffix requirements, which always takeprecedence.7. General Requirements7.1 The material composition shall be uniform and shallconform to the requirements specified herein.8. Detail Requirements8.1 Test specimens for the various materials shall conformto the requiremen
42、ts prescribed in Tables PS, A, and B, andsuffix requirements as they apply.8.2 For the purpose of determining conformance, all speci-fied limits for a specification (line callout) based on thisclassification system are absolute limits, as defined in PracticeE29.8.3 With the absolute method, an obser
43、ved value or acalculated value is not rounded, but is to be compared directlywith the limiting value. Conformance or nonconformance isbased on this comparison.9. Sampling9.1 Sampling shall be statistically adequate to satisfy therequirements of 13.4.9.2 A batch or lot shall be construed as a unit of
44、 manufac-ture as prepared for shipment and can consist of a blend of twoor more “production runs.”10. Sample PreparationInjection- or Compression-Molding Process10.1 The test specimens shall be molded by an injectionmolding process as follows.10.2 For injection-molded samples, 220 6 10 C is the melt
45、temperature and 50 6 10 C is the mold temperature.10.2.1 The injection velocity for molding specimens shallbe 200 6 100 mm s. Average injection velocity of the flowfront through the critical measurement area of the specimen iscalculated using the following equation:AIV 5d2Va4ns(1)D4549 153where:d =
46、screw diameter, (mm)Va = screw advance speed, (mm/s)n = number of mold cavities, ands = cross-sectional area of the specimen, (mm2)NOTE 9The mold must have balanced flow for this equation to bevalid.10.3 Izod Impact specimens shall be obtained from thecentral portion of a Test Method D638, Type 1 te
47、nsile bar. Theapex of the milled notch shall be at the center (within 1 mm)of the tensile bar length. In accordance with Test MethodsD256, the distance between the apex of the notch and theimpacted end of the specimen shall be 32 6 1 mm, howeverthe length of specimen that is contained within the vis
48、e isrequired to be at least 22 mm.10.4 The recommended flexural modulus specimen is a TestMethod D638, Type 1 tensile bar. The loading nose of theflexural apparatus shall be placed within 3 mm of the center ofthe tensile bar.11. Conditioning11.1 Test specimens shall be conditioned at 23 6 2C for atl
49、east two hours before performing the required tests.11.2 Conduct tests in the atmosphere of 23 6 2 C.12. Test Methods12.1 Determine the properties enumerated in this specifica-tion by means of the ASTM test methods as they apply, unlessotherwise stated herein.13. Inspection and Certification13.1 Inspection and certification of the material suppliedwith reference to a specification based on this classificationsystem shall be for conformance to the requirements specifiedherein.13.2 Lot-acceptance inspection shall be the basis on whichacceptance o
