1、Designation:D589896 (Reapproved 2005) Designation: D5898/D5898M 96(Reapproved 2005)1Standard Guide forStandard Details for Adhered Sheet Waterproofing1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5898/D5898M; the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adop
2、tion or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval. A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1NOTECaptions in Fig. 1 and units information were editorially updated in March 2012
3、.1. Scope1.1 This guide covers details for typical conditions encountered in adhered sheet waterproofing on below grade structures andplazas.1.2 This guide does not cover liquid applied waterproofing.1.3The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses
4、 are for information only.1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in eachsystem may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from thetwo systems may re
5、sult in non-conformance with the standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1079 Terminology Relating to Roofing and Waterproofing3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms used in this guide, refer to Terminology D1079.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 ad
6、hered sheet waterproofing, na system consisting of one or more plies of organic or glass fiber felts or fabrics appliedin hot or cold bitumens or modified bitumens, or one or more plies of a manufactured sheet of modified bitumen that may bereinforced or laminated with scrim or polyethylene, or a po
7、lymeric or vulcanized elastomeric membrane. The system is applieddirectly to concrete or masonry surfaces below grade.3.2.2 elevated slab, na framed or suspended concrete slab over a habitable or useable space.3.2.3 fillet, nliquid applied modified bitumen or mastic used at internal corners before m
8、embrane application to form atransition of less than 90.3.2.4 reinforcement, ngenerally, one or more strips of membrane, felts, or fabrics, installed at corners and over constructionjoints.3.3 Abbreviations:3.3.1 LAMliquid applied membrane.3.3.2 SSstainless steel.3.3.3 EJexpansion joint.3.3.4 NRnot
9、recommended.3.3.5 MTLnoncorrosive metal.4. Significance and Use4.1 This guide illustrates general details for below grade and plaza waterproofing. It serves as a guide that will enable thedesigner to prepare complete waterproofing details for each specific condition that occurs on a project.1This gu
10、ide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D08 on Roofing and Waterproofing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D08.22 on Waterproofingand Dampproofing Systems.Current edition approved July 1, 2005. Published July 2005. Originally approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in
11、 1996 as D5898 96. DOI:10.1520/D5898_D5898M-96R05E01.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.1This
12、document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions
13、 as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.5. Drawings5.1 This guide is not all inclusive. The d
14、esigner should detail all typical and special conditions on the project, paying particularattention to transitions in plane and intersection of different details. The applicator should provide shop drawings of each conditionto confirm field conditions and to verify his understanding of the design in
15、tent.5.2 Waterproofing membranes and reinforcement are indicated on the figures as a single thick line, regardless of the number ofplies.5.3 Protection layers have been omitted for clarity. See Section 6.6. Protection6.1 Protection materials are required over all waterproofing to prevent damage from
16、 backfill, reinforcing chairs, andconstruction traffic, unless the membrane system incorporates an integral protection layer. Protection also is required wheremembranes terminate above grade and may be exposed to ultraviolet light.6.2 Materials for protection include: asphalt composition boards, pla
17、stic drainage panels, low density expanded polystyreneboards, and extruded polystyrene insulation. Low density expanded polystyrene boards and some types of plastic drainage panelsare not suitable for protection on horizontal surfaces. Protection materials are loose-laid on horizontal membranes and
18、attached tovertical membranes with compatible adhesives. They should be installed as soon as possible after the membrane, or each portionof it, is completed or water tested.7. Reinforcement7.1 Reinforcement is required for built-up and modified bitumen membranes at transitions, such as internal and
19、external cornersand at static concrete construction joints and cracks. Reinforcement also is required where reinforcing bars, pipes, and conduitspenetrate the membrane. Separate reinforcement generally is not required for polymeric and vulcanized elastomeric membranes.7.2 Reinforcement usually is in
20、stalled before the membrane but may be applied over it. Refer to the membrane manufacturerfor details.7.3 The minimum reinforcement is one ply. Systems using a multiple ply membrane usually require two or more reinforcementplies, whereas single ply modified bitumen systems generally require one.7.4
21、When additional plies are used as reinforcement, they should extend at least 150 mm (6 in.)6 in. beyond the corner orpenetration and each succeeding ply should extend 75 mm (3 in.)3 in. beyond the previous ply.7.5 Where reinforcing bars penetrate waterproofing, such as at rock anchors and wall to sl
22、ab transitions, they should be sealedwith reinforcing plies finger cut around the bars or liquid applied membrane or both.7.6 Some manufacturers require cementitious cants or a liquid applied waterproofing or mastic fillet at reentrant angles,chamfered external corners, and other special conditions
23、to be implemented during construction. These should be indicated onproject details.7.7 Details should recognize the normal sequencing of construction. Foundation walls may be cast before or after slabs on grade.Structural slabs are cast after walls. Waterproofing of individual elements frequently fo
24、llows this sequence, for example, walls arewaterproofed before the structural slab is cast. The resultant cold joints may be dynamic.8. Penetrations8.1 Flashing at penetrations should accommodate differential movement between the slab and the pipe, conduit, or drain. Forbuilt-up and modified bitumen
25、 membranes, lead reinforcing is recommended where pipes or drains are installed in sleeves but isoptional where they are cast into the wall or slab. Cast iron drains, cast into the slab with flanges flush with or slightly below theslab, are preferred. Additional plies of reinforcement should be inst
26、alled at drains.8.2 Wearing courses on plaza decks move differentially from the structural slab. To prevent damage to the drainage system orflashing rupture from this movement, drains should be installed in the structural slab with inlets in the wearing course divorcedfrom the drain body.9. Expansio
27、n Joints9.1 Structural expansion joints should be designed to permit independent movement of structural elements on each side of thejoint. Control joints should be located to permit non-reversible movement and may be dynamic. The size and location of expansionand control joints should be determined
28、by the structural engineer. Expansion joint covers should be designed to maintaincontinuity at all changes in plane. They should be designed to prevent displacement when subjected to water pressure. Where theyoccur in elevated slabs, they should be raised above the surface. Control joints are not de
29、tailed as expansion joints but should bereinforced in all membrane systems.10. Structural Items10.1 Water stops, keyways, and other structural elements that are frequently installed in construction and control joints are notindicated on the details.D5898/D5898M 96 (2005)1211. Mud Mats11.1 Mud mats a
30、re cast on the subgrade to support waterproofing. Protection boards and tamped sand beds may be acceptablealternates with some manufacturers.12. Planters, Bench, and Equipment Supports12.1 Waterproofing membranes on horizontal surfaces should be carried under planters and supports without interrupti
31、on. Suchitems should be installed on the concrete protection slab. Waterproofing of planters should be independent of the slabwaterproofing.13. Explanatory Notes13.1 Fig. 1Standard details for adhered sheet waterproofing.13.2 Fig. 2This detail is applicable to tunnels and conditions where the width
32、of excavations is limited. Alternately, the mudmat may be omitted and waterproofing applied to the top of a structural slab and turned down to the toe. Then, waterproofing iscovered with a cementitious wearing course.13.3 Fig. 3Slab with mud mat.13.4 Fig. 4Footing with mud mat.13.5 Fig. 5This detail
33、 is applicable to conditions where there is no hydrostatic head below the slab.13.6 Fig. 6, Fig. 7, and Fig. 8Where internal and external vertical corners meet horizontal surfaces, isometric drawingsprepared by the designer or applicator are required to indicate the assembly of the overlapping plies
34、.13.7 Fig. 9 and Fig. 10Waterproofing should not be terminated below grade. Even when a reglet is used to terminate thesheet, or a cap flashing is installed in a reglet, water can migrate behind the sheet through cracks above the reglet. Because mostof the adhered sheet waterproofing materials are s
35、ubject to degradation by ultraviolet light or heat, it is recommended thatfoundation waterproofing be carried to a brick shelf or haunch below grade and terminated. This will permit it to be protected untilcladding above is installed. Counterflashing should be carried at least 200 mm (8 in.)8 in. ab
36、ove grade behind a permanentcladding. Suitable cladding materials at or below grade include granite and similar low permeable stones, SW grade brick, precastconcrete, cement plaster and corrosion-resistant metal. The dotted line indicates that a dense, impervious protection board isrequired under th
37、e masonry.13.8 Fig. 11 and Fig. 12These details are applicable where foundation walls are extended 300 mm (12 in.)12 in. or moreabove grade. Waterproofing should be extended to a brick shelf where the top edge can be sealed and protected by cap flashing.FIG. 1 Standard Details for Adhered Sheet Wate
38、rproofingD5898/D5898M 96 (2005)13The membrane is promptly covered with a protection layer. Finishes, such as stucco or insulation and stucco, are applied over theprotection layer.13.9 Fig. 13 and Fig. 14These details are applicable to walls or parapets supported by the slab where the vertical elemen
39、tis supported on the slab and the joint is not dynamic. Horizontal waterproofing is elevated 37 mm (1.5 in.)1.5 in. above the slabon a cast-in-place cant, 100 mm (4 in.)4 in. wide. A compressible filler is required between wearing surface assemblies and theFIG. 2 Tunnel with Mud MatFIG. 3 Slab with
40、Mud MatD5898/D5898M 96 (2005)14protection layer over the membrane. Protection board is required between the membrane and the metal flashing. It is recommendedthat the flashing terminate in a receiver to permit installation of the metal cap flashing after masonry is completed and to providea suitable
41、 surface for the caulking. Fig. 14 depicts a method of concealing the base flashing.13.10 Fig. 15This detail is applicable to expansion joints in the elevated slab. The joint is raised as in Fig. 13. Expansion jointcovers in the plane of the elevated slab should be avoided.Acompressible closed cell
42、neoprene tube or proprietary formed memberis used to permit the membrane to flex. A plastic, neoprene, butyl or polymer-modified bitumen hammock is installed to supportthe tubing, act as a bitumen stop and as a vapor retarder. Although insulation reduces the heat loss, it may lower the temperatureof
43、 the vapor retarder below the dewpoint temperature. The first ply over the tube should be an elastomeric material similar to thehammock and disbonded from the tube. One or more plies of elastomeric material then are applied extending over the slab. Thealternate proprietary formed member does not req
44、uire a hammock. While the elimination of the hammock reduces the redundancyof the joint cover, it does offer more convenient leak detectability. A gutter under the expansion joint is optional with the hammockFIG. 4 Footing with Mud MatFIG. 5 Footing with Raised SlabD5898/D5898M 96 (2005)15system but
45、 strongly recommended without it.FIG. 6 Exterior CornerFIG. 7 Interior CornerD5898/D5898M 96 (2005)1613.11 Fig. 16This detail is applicable to walls or parapets that are not supported by the elevated slab, where the joint isdynamic. Comments in Paragraph 13.9 apply to Fig. 16.FIG. 8 Slab at Foundati
46、onFIG. 9 Termination on FoundationD5898/D5898M 96 (2005)1713.12 Fig. 17This detail is applicable to an expansion joint in a foundation wall.13.13 Fig. 18Penetrations through horizontal waterproofed surfaces are usually conduits and water piping. Flashing shouldextend a minimum of 200 mm (8 in.)8 in.
47、 above grade.FIG. 10 Termination on Foundation with Brick ShelfNOTE 1Exterior foundation finish may vary.FIG. 11 Termination on Foundation Above GradeD5898/D5898M 96 (2005)1813.14 Fig. 19A modular mechanical seal of interlocking rubber links, for example, linkseal,3may be used as an alternate tooaku
48、m and lead.13.15 Fig. 20Drain strainer frames should not be designed to support wearing courses. Drain strainers and their frames,however, should be designed to support anticipated vehicular loads of snow removal equipment, maintenance vehicles, fireengines, and the like. Lead, if used, should be ca
49、rried into the drain bowl. Membrane and reinforcing should lap drain flanges 100mm (4 in.)4 in. and be secured with clamping rings. Sediment buckets are recommended where wearing surfaces are waterpermeable and where debris is expected.14. Keywords14.1 expansion joints; flashing; mud mats; protection layer; reinforcement; waterproofing3The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this time is Thunderline Link-Seal, 19500 Victor Parkway, Suite 275, Livonia, MI. If you are awareof alternative sup
