1、Designation: D5967 15Standard Test Method forEvaluation of Diesel Engine Oils in T-8 Diesel Engine1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5967; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision
2、. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This test method covers an engine test procedure forevaluating diesel engine oils for performance characteristics,including viscos
3、ity increase and soot concentrations (loading).2This test method is commonly referred to as the Mack T-8.1.2 This test method also provides the procedure for runningan extended length T-8 test, which is commonly referred to asthe T-8E and an abbreviated length test, which is commonlyreferred to as T
4、-8A. The procedures for the T-8E and the T-8Aare identical to the T-8 with the exception of the itemsspecifically listed in Annex A8 and Annex A9 respectively.Additionally, the procedure modifications listed in Annex A8and Annex A9 refer to the corresponding section of the T-8procedure.1.3 The value
5、s stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.3.1 ExceptionsWhere there is no direct SI equivalentsuch as the units for screw threads, National Pipe Threads/diameters, tubing size, sole source equipment suppliers, and oilconsumption
6、in grams per kilowatt-hour.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations p
7、rior to use. See Annex A6 forspecific safety precautions.1.5 A Table of Contents follows:Scope 1Referenced Documents 2Terminology 3Summary of Test Method 4Significance and Use 5Apparatus 6General Description 6.1The Test Engine 6.2Mack Test Engine 6.2.1Engine Cooling System 6.2.2Engine Oil System 6.2
8、.3Auxiliary Oil System 6.2.4Crankcase Aspiration 6.2.5Blowby Meter 6.2.6Air Supply and Filtration 6.2.7Fuel Supply 6.2.8Intake Manifold Temperature Control 6.2.9Engine Fluids 7Test Oil 7.1Test Fuel 7.2Engine Coolant 7.3Cleaning Materials 7.4Preparation of Apparatus at Rebuild 8Cleaning of Parts 8.1V
9、alves, Seats, Guides, and Springs 8.2Cylinder Liner, Piston, and Piston Ring Assembly 8.3Injectors and Injection Pump 8.4Assembly Instructions 8.5Measurements 8.6Laboratory and Engine Test Stand Calibration/Non-ReferenceRequirements9Calibration Frequency 9.1Calibration Reference Oils 9.2Test Numberi
10、ng 9.3New Laboratories and New Test Stands 9.4Calibrated Laboratories and Test Stands 9.5Calibration Test Acceptance 9.6Failing Calibration Tests 9.7Non-Reference Oil Test Requirements 9.8Procedure 10Pretest Procedure 10.1Engine Start-Up 10.2Engine Shutdown 10.3Test Cycle 10.4Oil Addition/Drain 10.5
11、Oil Samples 10.6Oil Consumption Calculations 10.7Fuel Samples 10.8Periodic Measurements 10.9Blowby 10.10Centrifugal Oil Filter Mass Gain 10.11Oil Filter P Calculation 10.12Post Test 10.13Inspection of Fuel and Oil During Test 11Oil Inspection 11.1Fuel Inspections 11.2Oil Consumption 11.3Report 12Rep
12、orting Test Results 12.1Deviations from Test Operational Limits 12.2Electronic Transmission of Test Results 12.3Plots of Operational Data 12.41This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility ofSubcom
13、mittee D02.B0.02 on Heavy Duty Engine Oils.Current edition approved April 1, 2015. Published April 2015. Originallyapproved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as D5967 14. DOI:10.1520/D5967-15.2The ASTM Test Monitoring Center will update changes in this test method bymeans of Informatio
14、n Letters. This edition incorporates revisions contained in allinformation letters through 142. Information letters may be obtained from theASTM Test Monitoring Center, 6555 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15206-4489,Attention: Administrator.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this stand
15、ardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1Precision and Bias 13Precision 13.1Bias 13.2Keywords 14AnnexesReport Forms Annex A1Sensor Locations Annex A2Kinematic Viscosity At 100C For Test Method D5967 Samples Annex A3Enhanced
16、Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TGA) Procedure Annex A4Procurement of Test Materials Annex A5Safety Precautions Annex A6Data Dictionary Annex A7T-8E Extended Length Test Requirements Annex A8T-8A Abbreviated Length Test Requirements Annex A92. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3D86 Test Method fo
17、r Distillation of Petroleum Products atAtmospheric PressureD93 Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-MartensClosed Cup TesterD97 Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum ProductsD130 Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petro-leum Products by Copper Strip TestD235 Specification for Mineral S
18、pirits (Petroleum Spirits)(Hydrocarbon Dry Cleaning Solvent)D287 Test Method for API Gravity of Crude Petroleum andPetroleum Products (Hydrometer Method)D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparentand Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscos-ity)D446 Specifications and Operating
19、Instructions for GlassCapillary Kinematic ViscometersD482 Test Method for Ash from Petroleum ProductsD524 Test Method for Ramsbottom Carbon Residue ofPetroleum ProductsD613 Test Method for Cetane Number of Diesel Fuel OilD664 Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Productsby Potentiometric Titrati
20、onD976 Test Method for Calculated Cetane Index of DistillateFuelsD1319 Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types in Liquid Petro-leum Products by Fluorescent Indicator AdsorptionD2274 Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Distillate FuelOil (Accelerated Method)D2500 Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum
21、 ProductsD2622 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products byWavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence SpectrometryD2709 Test Method for Water and Sediment in MiddleDistillate Fuels by CentrifugeD4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and APIGravity of Liquids by Digital Density MeterD4175
22、Terminology Relating to Petroleum, PetroleumProducts, and LubricantsD4294 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum and PetroleumProducts by Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spec-trometryD4485 Specification for Performance of Active API ServiceCategory Engine OilsD4737 Test Method for Calculated Cetan
23、e Index by FourVariable EquationD5185 Test Method for Multielement Determination ofUsed and Unused Lubricating Oils and Base Oils byInductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrom-etry (ICP-AES)D5453 Test Method for Determination of Total Sulfur inLight Hydrocarbons, Spark Ignition Engine Fuel,
24、DieselEngine Fuel, and Engine Oil by Ultraviolet FluorescenceD6278 Test Method for Shear Stability of Polymer Contain-ing Fluids Using a European Diesel Injector ApparatusD7422 Test Method for Evaluation of Diesel Engine Oils inT-12 Exhaust Gas Recirculation Diesel EngineE29 Practice for Using Signi
25、ficant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with Specifications2.2 SAE Standard:4SAE J1995 Engine Power Test CodeSpark Ignition andCompression IgnitionGross Power Rating3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 blind reference oil, na reference oil, the identity ofwhich is unknown by the test facil
26、ity. D41753.1.2 blowby, nin internal combustion engines, that por-tion of the combustion products and unburned air/fuel mixturethat leaks past piston rings into the engine crankcase duringoperation.3.1.3 calibrate, vto determine the indication or output of adevice (e.g., thermometer, manometer, engi
27、ne) with respect tothat of a standard.3.1.4 heavy-duty, adjin internal combustion engineoperation, characterized by average speeds, power output, andinternal temperatures that are close to the potential maximums.D44853.1.5 heavy-duty engine, nin internal combustion enginetypes, one that is designed
28、to allow operation continuously at orclose to its peak output.3.1.6 non-reference oil, nany oil other than a referenceoil; such as a research formulation, commercial oil, or candi-date oil. D41753.1.7 non-standard test, na test that is not conducted inconformance with the requirements in the standar
29、d testmethod, such as running on an uncalibrated test stand, usingdifferent test equipment, applying different equipment assem-bly procedures, or using modified operating conditions. D41753.1.8 oxidation, nof engine oil, the reaction of the oil withan electron acceptor, generally oxygen, that can pr
30、oducedeleterious acidic or resinous materials often manifested assludge formation, varnish formation, viscosity increase, orcorrosion, or a combination thereof.3.1.9 reference oil, nan oil of known performancecharacteristics, used as a basis for comparison. D41753For referenced ASTM standards, visit
31、 the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4Available from Society of Automotive Engineers, 400 Commonwealth Drive,Warrendale, PA 15096-0001.
32、D5967 1523.1.9.1 DiscussionReference oils are used to calibratetesting facilities, to compare the performance of other oils, orto evaluate other materials (such as seals) that interact withoils.3.1.10 sludge, nin internal combustion engines, a deposit,principally composed of insoluble resins and oxi
33、dation prod-ucts from fuel combustion and the lubricant, that does not drainfrom engine parts but can be removed by wiping with a cloth.D41753.1.11 standard test, na test on a calibrated test stand,using the prescribed equipment that is assembled according tothe requirements in the test method, and
34、conducted accordingto the specified operating conditions.3.1.12 varnish, nin internal combustion engines, a hard,dry, generally lustrous deposit that can be removed by solventsbut not by wiping with a cloth. D41753.1.13 wear, nthe loss of material from a surface, gener-ally occurring between two sur
35、faces in relative motion, andresulting from mechanical or chemical action, or a combinationof both. D74224. Summary of Test Method4.1 The test operation involves use of a Mack E7-350 dieselengine with a warm-up,a2hflush for each test, and then aconstant speed and torque conditions that are held for
36、theremainder of the test. Reference oil test length is 300 h.Non-reference oil test length is 250 h.4.2 Oil samples are taken periodically and analyzed forviscosity increase.4.3 Engine rebuild frequency is based on the degradation oftest parameters and is left to the discretion of the testlaboratory
37、. At rebuild, the power section of the engine isdisassembled, solvent-cleaned, measured, and rebuilt, using allnew pistons, rings, cylinder liners, and valve guides, in strictaccordance with furnished specifications.4.4 The engine crankcase is solvent-cleaned, and worn ordefective parts are replaced
38、.4.5 The test stand is equipped with appropriate accessoriesfor controlling speed, load, and various engine operatingconditions.5. Significance and Use5.1 This test method was developed to evaluate the visco-metric performance of engine oils in turbocharged and inter-cooled four-cycle diesel engines
39、. Results are obtained fromused oil analysis.5.2 The test method is used for engine oil specificationacceptance when all details of the procedure are followed.6. Apparatus6.1 General Description:6.1.1 The test engine is a Mack E7-350 mechanicallygoverned engine, P/N 11GBA77623 (see Annex A5). It is
40、anopen-chamber, in-line, six-cylinder, four-stroke, turbocharged,charge air-cooled, compression ignition engine. The bore andstroke are (124 by 165) mm, and the displacement is 12 L. Theengine is rated at 261 kW at 1800 r/min governed speed (seeSAE J1995).6.1.2 The ambient laboratory atmosphere shou
41、ld be rela-tively free of dirt, dust, and other contaminants as required bygood laboratory standards. Additionally, it is recommendedthat the atmosphere in the engine buildup area be filtered andcontrolled for temperature and humidity to prevent accumula-tion of dirt or dust on engine parts. Uniform
42、 temperaturecontrol will also aid in measuring and selecting parts forassembly.TABLE 1 PC-9-HS Reference Diesel FuelProperty Test Method MinAMaxASulfur, mass % D2622 0.04 0.05Gravity, API D287 or D4052 34.5 36.5 (37)Hydrocarbon composition, % volAromatics D1319 (FIA) (27) 28 33Olefin D1319 (FIA) Rep
43、ortCetane number D613 40 (42) 48Cetane index D976 and D4737 ReportCopper strip corrosion D130 1Flash point, C D93 54Pour point, C D97 18Cloud point, C D2500 ReportCarbon residue on 10 %residuum, mass %D524 (10 % bot-toms)0.35Water and sediment, vol % D2709 0.05Viscosity, mm2/s at 40 C D445 2.4 3.0As
44、h, mass % D482 0.005Acid number D664 0.05Strong acid number D664 0.00Accelerated stability D2274 ReportDistillation, C D86IBP Report10 % vol Report50 % vol Report90 % vol 282 338EP ReportAMin and max numbers in parentheses are EPA Certification Fuel Specifications.D5967 1536.1.3 Use the low sulfur r
45、eference diesel fuel shown inTable 1.6.2 The Test Engine:6.2.1 Mack Test EngineThe engine is available fromMack Trucks, Inc.Acomplete parts list is shown in TableA5.1.6.2.2 Engine Cooling System:6.2.2.1 A new Mack coolant conditioner shown in TableA5.1 is required every test to limit scaling in the
46、coolingsystem. Pressurize the system at the expansion tank to 103 kPa.6.2.2.2 Use a closed-loop, pressurized external engine cool-ing system composed of a nonferrous core heat exchanger,reservoir, and water-out temperature control valve. The systemshould prevent air entrainment and control jacket te
47、mperatureswithin the specified limit. Install a sight glass between theengine and the cooling tower to check for air entrainment anduniform flow in an effort to prevent localized boiling. Block thethermostat wide open.6.2.3 Engine Oil SystemA schematic of the engine oilsystem is shown in Fig. A2.9.6
48、.2.4 Auxiliary Oil SystemTo maintain a constant oil levelin the pan, a separate closed tank is connected to the sump thatprovides an additional 9.5 L sump. Circulate oil through thetank with an auxiliary pump at a rate of (5.7 6 1.9) L/min. Atypical auxiliary oil system is shown in Fig. A2.9. The No
49、. 6and No. 8 Aeroquip5lines should have inside diameters of10 mm and 13 mm, respectively. The vent line size is specifiedas a minimum No. 8 line size. Equivalent lines may besubstituted for Aeroquip lines provided they have the properinside diameters.6.2.5 Crankcase AspirationA simple squirrel cage blowerwill suffice to control crankcase pressure within the test limits.6.2.6 Blowby MeterUse a displacement type gas meter, orequivalent, to measure blowby.6.2.7 Air Supply and FiltrationUse an intake air filter withan initial efficiency of 99.2 %. Rep
