1、Designation: D6566 17D6566 18Standard Test Method forMeasuring Mass perPer Unit Area of Turf ReinforcementMats1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6566; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of l
2、ast revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers an index to the determination of mass per unit area of all turf reinforcement mats.1.2 The valu
3、es stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safe
4、ty safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine theapplicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the Develo
5、pment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D123 Terminology Relating to TextilesD1776 Practice for Conditioning and Testing TextilesD4354 Practice for Sampli
6、ng of Geosynthetics and Rolled Erosion Control Products (RECPs) for TestingD4439 Terminology for GeosyntheticsE177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test MethodsE691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method2.2 ISO/DIS Documen
7、t:39864-1990 Mass perPer Unit Area of Geotextiles3. Terminology3.1 For definitions of textile terms used in this test method, refer to Terminology D123.3.2 For definitions of terms relating to geotextiles used in this test method, refer to Terminology D4439.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 The mass per
8、unit area of a turf reinforcement mat is determined by weighing test specimens of known dimensions, cut fromequally spaced distances over the full width of the laboratory sample. The calculated values are then averaged to obtain the meanmass per unit area of the laboratory sample.5. Significance and
9、 Use5.1 This test method is used to determine if the turf reinforcement mat meets specifications for mass per unit area. This testmethod can be used for quality control to determine specimen conformance. This measurement allows for a simple control of thedelivered material by a comparison of the mas
10、s per unit area of the delivered material and the specified mass per unit area.1 This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D35 on Geosynthetics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.05 on Geosynthetic ErosionControl.Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2017Feb. 1, 2018.
11、 Published January 2017February 2018. Originally approved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 20142017 asD6566 14.D6566 17. DOI: 10.1520/D6566-17.10.1520/D6566-18.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annua
12、l Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to
13、provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof
14、the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States15.2 The procedure in this test method may be used for acceptance testing of commercial shipments, but caution
15、is advised sinceinformation about between-laboratory precision is incomplete. Comparative tests in accordance with 5.2.1 are advisable.5.2.1 In case of a dispute arising from differences in reported test results when using the procedures in this test method foracceptance testing of commercial shipme
16、nts, the purchaser and the manufacturer should conduct comparative tests to determineif there is a statistical bias between their laboratories. Competent statistical assistance is recommended for the investigation of bias.AsAt a minimum, the two parties should take a group of test specimens that are
17、 as homogeneous as possible and which are froma lot of material of the type in question. The test specimen should then be randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratoryfor testing. The average results from the two laboratories should be compared using the appropriate StudentsStudents t-test a
18、ndan acceptable probability level chosen by the two parties before testing is begun. If a bias is found, either its cause must be foundand corrected or the purchaser and the manufacturer must agree to interpret future test results in light of the known bias.6. Apparatus6.1 Balance, calibrated, with
19、an accuracy of 0.01 g.7. Sampling7.1 Lot SampleIn the absence of other guidelines, divide the product into lots and take lot samples in accordance with PracticeD4354.7.2 Laboratory SampleFor the laboratory sample, take a full-width sample of sufficient length in the machine direction so thatthe requ
20、ired size and number of specimens can be obtained. Exclude the inner and outer layers or wraps of the roll or any materialcontaining folds, crushed areas, or other distortions not representative of the sampled lot.7.3 Remove test specimens from the laboratory sample so that each specimen will contai
21、n different machine and cross-machineelements with no specimen taken nearer than 100 mm 4 in. from the roll sides or ends, unless otherwise specified.7.4 Cut specimens such that they are representative of the entire roll width and with a combined total minimum area of230 000 mm2 356 in.2. Each test
22、specimen shall be equal in area (not less than 23 000 mm2 35.6 in.2). Cut each test specimenwith an accuracy of 60.5 % of its area.NOTE 1For test specimens prepared in the field, larger than minimum-sized test specimens will be required to stay within the cutting accuracy (0.5 %).Field experience ha
23、s shown that a test specimen with an area not less than 207 000 mm2 (320.4 in.2) will be necessary to achieve the required accuracy.7.4.1 Cut the test specimens at least one tenth one-tenth the width of the turf reinforcement mat from any selvage, unlessotherwise specified.7.4.2 If the structure of
24、the turf reinforcement mat is such that the specified test specimen size is not representative of thelaboratory sample, a larger size shall be agreed upon between the purchaser and the supplier.7.5 Number of SpecimensUnless otherwise agreed upon, as when provided in an applicable material specificat
25、ion, take thenumber of test specimens per laboratory sample as follows:7.5.1 Reliable Estimate of vWhen there is a reliable estimate of v based upon extensive part records for similar materialstested in the users laboratory as directed in this test method, calculate the required number of specimens
26、as follows so that theuser may expect at the 95 % probability level that the test result is not more than 5.0 % of the average above or below the averageof the sample:n 5t v A!2 (1)where:n = number of test specimens (rounded upward to a whole number),v = coefficient of variation of individual observ
27、ations on similar materials in the users laboratory under conditions of singleoperation precision, %,v = coefficient of variation of individual observations on similar materials in the users laboratory under conditions ofsingle-operator precision, %,t = value of Students t for one-sided limits, a 95
28、 % probability level, and the degrees of freedom associated with the estimateof v (see Table 1), andA = 5.0 % of the average, the value of the allowable variation.7.5.2 No Reliable Estimate of vWhen there is no reliable estimate of v for the users laboratory, measurements shall be madeon a minimum o
29、f five (5) specimens per laboratory sample.8. Conditioning8.1 Bring the specimens to moisture equilibrium in the atmosphere for testing turf reinforcement mats, that is, a temperatureof 21 6 2 C (70 6 4 F) and relative humidity of 60 6 10 %.8.2 Moisture equilibrium is considered to have been reached
30、 when the increase in mass of the specimen in successivemeasurements made at intervals of not less than 2 h does not exceed 60.1 % of the mass of the specimen. In general, many turfD6566 182reinforcement mats contain more moisture when received than they will after reaching moisture equilibrium. How
31、ever, certainfibers may exhibit slow moisture equilibrium rates from the “as-received” wet side. When this is known, a preconditioning cycle,aas described in Practice D1776, may be agreed upon between contractual parties.9. Procedure9.1 Test the conditioned test specimens in the standard atmosphere
32、for testing turf reinforcement mats as prescribed in 8.1.9.2 Care should be taken in handling of the test specimens to avoid altering the natural finished state of the material.9.3 Weigh each of the conditioned specimens separately on a calibrated balance to the nearest 0.01 g.10. Calculation10.1 Ca
33、lculate the mass per unit area of each of the specimens as follows:m 5Ms31000000/A (2)where:m = mass per unit area rounded to the nearest 0.1 g/m2,Ms = mass of the specimen, g, andA = area of the specimen, mm2.10.2 Repeat this procedure for each test specimen.10.3 Calculate the average and standard
34、deviation of the mass per unit area results for the test specimens.11. Report11.1 Report the following information on mass per unit area of turf reinforcement mats:11.1.1 Type of turf reinforcement mat tested, sampling method used, the test specimen size, shape, and the number of testspecimens teste
35、d,11.1.2 The average mass per unit area and standard deviation to three significant figures, and11.1.3 A statement of any departures from the suggested testing procedures so that the results can be evaluated and used.TABLE 1 Values of Students t for One-Sided Limits and the 95 %Probabilitydf One-Sid
36、ed df One-Sided df One-Sided1 6.314 11 1.796 22 1.7172 2.920 12 1.782 24 1.7113 2.353 13 1.771 26 1.7064 2.132 14 1.761 28 1.7015 2.015 15 1.753 30 1.6976 1.943 16 1.746 40 1.6847 1.895 17 1.740 50 1.6768 1.860 18 1.734 60 1.6719 1.833 19 1.729 120 1.65810 1.812 20 1.725 1.645TABLE 2 Mass per Unit A
37、rea (gm/m2)Material AverageARepeatabilityStandardDeviationReproducibilityStandardDeviationRepeatabilityLimitReproducibilityLimitx Sr SR r RDouble Net TRM#1 319.631 95.778 99.262 268.178 277.934Double Net TRM#2 388.713 54.967 54.967 153.907 153.907TABLE 2 Mass Per Unit Area (gm/m2)Material AverageARe
38、peatabilityStandardDeviationReproducibilityStandardDeviationRepeatabilityLimitReproducibilityLimitx Sr SR r RDouble Net Poly Fiber-Filled Matting 319.63B 95.78 99.26 268.18 277.93Double Net Poly Fiber-Filled Matting 388.71B 54.97 54.97 153.91 153.91Woven TRM 269.43C 3.47 7.05 9.73 19.74A The average
39、 of the laboratories calculated averages.B Usable data included from seven laboratories.C Usable data included from five laboratories.D6566 18312. Precision and Bias12.1 PrecisionThe precision of this test method is based on antwo interlaboratory studystudies of D6566 TestTest MethodD6566Method for
40、Measuring Mass per Unit Area of Turf Reinforcement Mats, conducted in 2013. Eight, conducted in 2013 and2014. Eight laboratories participated in the 2013 study and six laboratories participated in this the 2014 study. Each of the labsreported three replicate test results for two different types of m
41、ats.each of the tested RECPs. Every “test result” reported representsan individual determination. Except for the ultimate use of data from only seven laboratories, the average of five test specimensas required by the standard. Practice E691 was followed for the design and analysis of the data; the d
42、etails are given in ASTMResearch Report No.Nos. RR:D35-10174RR:D35-1017. and RR:D35-1024.512.1.1 Repeatability (r)(r)The difference between repetitive results obtained by the same operator in a given laboratoryapplying the same test method with the same apparatus under constant operating conditions
43、on identical test material within shortintervals of time would, in the long run, in the normal and correct operation of the test method, exceed the following values onlyin one case in 20.12.1.1.1 Repeatability can be interpreted as the maximum difference between two results, obtained under repeatabi
44、lityconditions, that is accepted as plausible due to random causes under normal and correct operation of the test method.12.1.1.2 Repeatability limits are listed in Table 2.12.1.2 Reproducibility (R)(R)The difference between two single and independent results obtained by different operatorsapplying
45、the same test method in different laboratories using different apparatus on identical test material would, in the long run,in the normal and correct operation of the test method, exceed the following values only in one case in 20.12.1.2.1 Reproducibility can be interpreted as the maximum difference
46、between two results, obtained under reproducibilityconditions, that is accepted as plausible due to random causes under normal and correct operation of the test method.12.1.2.2 Reproducibility limits are listed in Table 2.12.1.3 The above terms (repeatability limit and reproducibility limit) are use
47、d as specified in Practice E177.12.1.4 Any judgment in accordance with statements 12.1.1 and 12.1.2 will have an approximate 95 % probability of beingcorrect. The precision statistics obtained in this ILS must not be treated as exact mathematical quantities which are applicable toall circumstances a
48、nd uses. The limited number of materials tested may lead to times when differences greater than predicted bythe ILS results will arise, sometimes with considerably greater or smaller frequency than the 95 % probability limit would imply.12.2 BiasAt the time of the study, there was no accepted refere
49、nce material suitable for determining the bias for this testmethod, therefore no statement on bias is being made.12.3 The precision statement was determined through statistical examination of 42 all usable test results, from sevenlaboratories, on twothree materials.12.4 To judge the equivalency of two test results, it is recommended to choose the mat material closest in characteristics to thetest material.13. Keywords13.1 mass per unit area; turf reinforcement mat;mats; weightASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of an
