1、Designation: E330 02 (Reapproved 2010)E330/E330M 14Standard Test Method forStructural Performance of Exterior Windows, Doors,Skylights and Curtain Walls by Uniform Static Air PressureDifference1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E330;E330/E330M; the number immediately following the
2、designation indicates theyear of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval. A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for us
3、e by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This test method describes the determination of the structural performance of exterior windows, doors, skylights, and curtainwalls under uniform static air pressure differences, using a test chamber. This test method is applicable to curtai
4、n wall assembliesincluding, but not limited to, metal, glass, masonry, and stone components.21.2 This test method is intended only for evaluating the structural performance associated with the specified test specimen andnot the structural performance of adjacent construction.1.3 The proper use of th
5、is test method requires a knowledge of the principles of pressure and deflection measurement.1.4 This test method describes the apparatus and the procedure to be used for applying uniformly distributed test loads to aspecimen.1.4.1 Procedure A (see 11.2) shall be used when a load-deflection curve is
6、 not required.1.4.2 Procedure B (see 11.3) shall be used when a load-deflection curve is required.1.5 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory materials. These notes and footnotes(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements
7、 of the standard.1.6 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values given inparentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered statedin each system may not be exact
8、 equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining valuesfrom the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof th
9、e user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 7.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3E631 Terminology of Building ConstructionsE997 Test Method for
10、Structural Performance of Glass in Exterior Windows, Curtain Walls, and Doors Under the Influence ofUniform Static Loads by Destructive MethodsE998 Test Method for Structural Performance of Glass in Windows, Curtain Walls, and Doors Under the Influence of UniformStatic Loads by Nondestructive Method
11、E1233E1233/E1233M Test Method for Structural Performance of Exterior Windows, Doors, Skylights, and Curtain Walls byCyclic Air Pressure DifferentialE1300 Practice for Determining Load Resistance of Glass in Buildings1 This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee E06 on Performance of
12、Buildings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E06.51 on Performanceof Windows, Doors, Skylights and Curtain Walls.Current edition approved April 1, 2010Jan. 1, 2014. Published May 2010January 2014. Originally approved in 1967. Last previous edition approved in 20022010 asE330 02.E330 02
13、 (2010). DOI: 10.1520/E0330-02R10.10.1520/E0330_E0330M14.2 Additional information on curtain wall assemblies can be obtained from the American Architectural ManufacturersManufacturers Association (AAMA), 1827 WaldenOffice Square, Suite 550, Schaumburg, IL 60173,60173-4268, http:/www.aamanet.org.3 Fo
14、r referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to pro
15、vide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the
16、 standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1E1886 Test Method for Performance of Exterior Windows, Curtain Walls, Doors, and Impact Protective Systems Impact
17、ed byMissile(s) and Exposed to Cyclic Pressure DifferentialsE1996 Specification for Performance of Exterior Windows, Curtain Walls, Doors, and Impact Protective Systems Impacted byWindborne Debris in Hurricanes2.2 ASCEASCE/SEI Standard:4ASCE 7ASCE/SEI 7 Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other S
18、tructures3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsDefinitions are in accordance with Terminology E631, unless otherwise indicated.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 design wind loadthe uniform static air pressure differences, inward and outward, for which the specimen would bedesigned unde
19、r service load conditions using conventional wind engineering specifications and concepts, expressed in pascals(oror pounds-force per square foot).foot. This pressure is determined by either analytical or wind-tunnel procedures (such as arespecified in ASCE 7).ASCE/SEI 7).3.2.2 permanent deformation
20、, nthe displacement or change in dimension of the specimen after the applied load has beenremoved and the specimen has relaxed for the specified period of time.3.2.3 proof loada test load multiplied by a factor of safety.3.2.4 stick system, na curtain wall assembly composed of individually framed co
21、ntinuous members, vertical mullions, andhorizontal rails that are installed in a sequential, piece-by-piece process. The completed system is assembled entirely in the field.3.2.5 structural distressa change in condition of the specimen indicative of deterioration or incipient failure, such as cracki
22、ng,local yielding, fastener loosening, or loss of adhesive bond.3.2.6 test loadthe specified difference in static air pressure (positive or negative) for which the specimen is to be tested,expressed in pascals (oror pounds-force per square foot).foot.3.2.7 test specimen, nthe entire assembled unit s
23、ubmitted for test (as described in Section 8).3.2.8 unit/panel system, na curtain wall assembly composed of pre-assembled groups of individual framing members. Thecompleted system is designed to be modular, transportable, and installed as a finished assembly.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 This test me
24、thod consists of sealing the test specimen into or against one face of a test chamber, supplying air to orexhausting air from the chamber according to a specific test loading program, at the rate required to maintain the test pressuredifference across the specimen, and observing, measuring, and reco
25、rding the deflection, deformations, and nature of any distressor failures of the specimen.5. Significance and Use5.1 This test method is a standard procedure for determining structural performance under uniform static air pressure difference.This typically is intended to represent the effects of a w
26、ind load on exterior building surface elements. The actual loading onbuilding surfaces is quite complex, varying with wind direction, time, height above ground, building shape, terrain, surroundingstructures, and other factors. The resistance of many windows, curtain walls, and door assemblies to wi
27、nd loading is also complexand depends on the complete history of load, magnitude, duration, and repetition. These factors are discussed in ASCE 7ASCE/SEI 7 and in the literature (1-8).55.2 Design wind velocities are selected for particular geographic locations and probabilities of occurrence based o
28、n data fromwind velocity maps such as are provided in ASCE 7.ASCE/SEI 7. These wind velocities are translated into uniform static airpressure differences and durations acting inward and outward. Complexities of wind pressures, as related to building design, windintensity versus duration, frequency o
29、f occurrence, and other factors must be considered. Superimposed on sustained winds aregusting winds which, for short periods of time from a fraction of a second to a few seconds, are capable of moving at considerablyhigher velocities than the sustained winds. The analytical procedures in ASCE 7,ASC
30、E/SEI 7, wind tunnel studies, computersimulations, and model analyses are helpful in determining the appropriate design wind loads on exterior surface elements ofbuildings. Generally, wind load durations obtained from ASCE 7 ASCE/SEI 7 are 2 to 10 s and are dependent upon the specifictime reference
31、employed in determining the pressure coefficients.5.3 Some materials have strength or deflection characteristics that are time dependent. Therefore, the duration of the applied testload may have a significant impact on the performance of materials used in the test specimen. The most common examples
32、ofmaterials with time-dependent response characteristics that are used are glass, plastics, and composites that employ plastics. Forthis reason, the strength of an assembly is tested for the actual time duration to which it would be exposed to a sustained or a gust4 Available from American Society o
33、f Civil Engineers (ASCE), 1801 Alexander Bell Dr., Reston, VA 20191, http:/www.asce.org.5 The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to a list of references at the end of this standard.E330/E330M 142load, or both, as discussed above. Generally, U.S. practice for wind load testing has been to require
34、a minimum test period of 10s for test loads equal to the design wind load and proof loads equal to 1.5 times the design wind load. Thus a safety factor isincorporated in the testing. If the design wind load is determined through the analytical procedures of ASCE/SEI 7, the test loadshall be based on
35、 the nominal loads derived from the load combinations used in allowable stress design. With test loads for windhigher than those determined byASCE 7ASCE/SEI 7 or of longer time duration than 10 s, the designer must consider what safetyfactors are appropriate. For test loads that represent design loa
36、ds other than wind, such as snow load, consideration shall be givento establish an appropriate test period for both design and proof load testing.5.4 This standard is not intended to account for the effect of windborne debris or cyclic loads. Consideration of cyclic airpressure differentials is addr
37、essed in Test Method E1233E1233/E1233M. Consideration of windborne debris in combination withcyclic air pressure differential representing extreme wind events is addressed in Test Method E1886 and Specification E1996.5.5 This test method is not intended for use in evaluating the structural adequacy
38、of glass for a particular application. When thestructural performance of glass is to be evaluated, the procedure described in Test Method E997 or E998 shall be used.NOTE 1In applying the results of tests by this test method, note that the performance of a wall or its components, or both, may be a fu
39、nction offabrication, installation, and adjustment. The specimen may or may not truly represent every aspect of the actual structure. In service, the performancewill also depend on the rigidity of supporting construction, temperature, and on the resistance of components to deterioration by various o
40、ther causes,including vibration, thermal expansion and contraction, etc.6. Apparatus6.1 The description of the apparatus is general in nature; any equipment capable of performing the test procedure within theallowable tolerances is permitted.6.2 Major Components (see Fig. 1):6.2.1 Test Chamber, or a
41、 box with an opening, a removable mounting panel, or one open side in which or against which thespecimen is installed. Provide a static pressure tap to measure the pressure difference across the test specimen. Locate the tap sothat the reading is unaffected by the velocity of air supplied to or from
42、 the chamber or by any other air movements. The air supplyopening into the chamber shall be arranged so that the air does not impinge directly on the test specimen with any significantvelocity. A means shall be provided to facilitate test specimen adjustments and observations. The test chamber or th
43、e specimenmounting frame, or both, must not deflect under the test load in such a manner that the performance of the specimen will beaffected.6.2.2 Air System, a controllable blower, a compressed-air supply, an exhaust system, or reversible controllable blower designedto provide the required maximum
44、 air-pressure difference across the specimen. The system shall provide an essentially constantair-pressure difference for the required test period.NOTE 2It is convenient to use a reversible blower or a separate pressure and exhaust system to provide the required air-pressure difference so thatthe te
45、st specimen can be tested for the effect of wind blowing against the wall (positive pressure) or for the effect of suction on the lee side of the building(negative pressure) without removing, reversing, and reinstalling the test specimen. If an adequate air supply is available, a completely airtight
46、 seal neednot be provided around the perimeter of the test specimen and the mounting panel, although it is preferable. However, substantial air leakage will requirean air supply of much greater capacity to maintain the required pressure differences.6.2.3 Pressure-Measuring Apparatus, to measure the
47、test pressure difference within a tolerance of 62 % or 62.5 Pa (60.01in.60.01 in. of water column),column, whichever is greater.6.2.4 Deflection-Measuring System, to measure deflections within a tolerance of 60.25 mm (60.01 in.).60.01 in.6.2.4.1 For Procedure A, any locations at which deflections ar
48、e to be measured shall be stated by the specifier.FIG. 1 General Arrangement of Testing ApparatusE330/E330M 1436.2.4.2 For Procedure B, maximum and end deflections of at least one of each type of principal member not directly andcontinuously supported by surrounding construction shall be measured. A
49、dditional locations for deflection measurements, ifrequired, shall be stated by the specifier.6.2.4.3 When deflections are to be measured, the deflection gages shall be installed so that the deflections of the componentscan be measured without being influenced by possible movements of, or movements within, the specimen or member supports.6.2.4.4 For proof load tests, permanent deformation can be determined by the use of a straightedge-type gage applied to themembers after preloading and again after the test load has been removed.7. Hazards7.1 Take prope
