1、Designation: E 1555 08Standard Specification forStructural Paste Adhesive for Sandwich Panel Repair1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 1555; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revisi
2、on. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification defines those characteristics
3、 that arerequired of adhesives to be used in the repair of sandwichpanels for durable, rigidwall, relocatable structures.1.1.1 This specification covers two-part epoxy adhesivesuitable for bonding aluminum alloy facings to nonmetalliccore, core to core, and core to perimeter aluminum extrusionframe
4、in the repair of durable rigidwall relocatable structures.The adhesive shall be suitable for forming bonds that willwithstand exposure to temperatures from 54 to 93C (65 to199F) and high relative humidity and will also withstand thecombinations of stress, temperature, and relative humidity thatare e
5、xpected to be encountered in service. The adhesive shallalso be suitable for the bonding of panel inserts and edgeattachments.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard where only SI units are given, or where SI units aregiven first followed by inch-pound units; where inch-p
6、oundunits are given first followed by SI units, the inch-pound unitsare to be regarded as the standard.1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to thetest methods described in this specification. This standard doesnot purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any,associated with
7、 its use. It is the responsibility of the user of thisstandard to establish appropriate safety and health practicesand determine the applicability of regulatory limitations priorto use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2B 209 Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-AlloySheet and PlateD 1002
8、 Test Method forApparent Shear Strength of Single-Lap-Joint Adhesively Bonded Metal Specimens by Ten-sion Loading (Metal-to-Metal)D 1781 Test Method for Climbing Drum Peel forAdhesivesD 2919 Test Method for Determining Durability of Adhe-sive Joints Stressed in Shear by Tension LoadingE4 Practices f
9、or Force Verification of Testing MachinesE 864 Practice for Surface Preparation ofAluminumAlloysto Be Adhesively Bonded in Honeycomb Shelter PanelsE 1091 Specification for Nonmetallic Honeycomb Core forUse in Shelter Panels2.2 Federal Specifications:3MIL-STD-401 Sandwich Constructions and Core Mater
10、ials;General Test MethodsQQ-A-250/8d Aluminum Alloy 5052 H34 Plate and SheetQQ-A-250/11d Aluminum Alloy 6061 T6 Plate and Sheet3. Material3.1 The adhesive shall be a two-part thermosetting epoxypaste containing no asbestos and when tested using the testmethods described in Section 6, shall meet the
11、requirements ofSection 4. The adhesive shall not have a deleterious effect onthe components being bonded over the range of temperatures atwhich the adhesive will be used.4. Physical Requirements4.1 Working Characteristics:4.1.1 ApplicationThe adhesive shall be suitable for appli-cation to facings an
12、d core materials.The adhesive shall not dripand shall not develop an overall average sag of 6.3 mm (0.25in.) or more when tested in accordance with the proceduresdescribed in 6.7.4.1.2 Adhesive LifeThe adhesive, when mixed in 1-qt kitquantities in a standard quart paint can, allowed to sit for 30min
13、 at 23 6 3C (73.4 6 5.4F), and then used to prepare testspecimens as prescribed in 6.1-6.3, shall still be able to deliverthe lap shear property levels listed in Table 1 for the 23Ctemperature test condition.4.1.3 The adhesive, when mixed in a quart kit and allowedto stand in ambient still air, shal
14、l not, as a result of anexothermic reaction, heat itself to a temperature of 49C1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E06 onPerformance of Buildings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E06.53on Materials and Processes for Durable Rigidwall Relocatable Structure
15、s.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2008. Published December 2008. Originallyapproved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as E 1555 03.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards
16、 volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http:/www.dodssp.daps.mil.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box
17、C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.(120F) or above. This shall be performed in a chemical fumehood so that heat and any potentially toxic fumes that may bereleased as a result of exothermic reaction are controlled. Apreliminary test, using a pint kit, shall be conducted todetermin
18、e if a potential problem exists.4.1.4 CuringThe adhesive shall be capable of curing at 236 3C (73.4 6 5.4F) in 7 days, or for no longer than3hata temperature of 60 to 66C (140 to 150.8F), with a curingpressure not to exceed 14 psig. In a 23 6 3C (73.4 6 5.4F)cure, the curing pressure shall also be a
19、 maximum of 14 psigand shall only be required during the first 24 h of cure. In a 236 3C (73.4 6 5.4F) cure, the adhesive shall be capable ofdeveloping 3.45 MPa (500 psi) lap shear strength, when testedat 23C temperature, within the first 24 h of cure.4.1.5 Mix RatioThe mix ratio for the two parts o
20、f theadhesive shall be defined by the manufacturer but shall be inthe range from 10:1 to 1:1 by weight.4.2 Storage LifeThe storage life of the two parts of theadhesive, from date of shipment, when stored in airtightcontainers at 23 6 3C (73.4 6 5.4F), shall be at least 12months. The adhesive shall b
21、e considered to have met thisstorage life requirement if all the characteristics described in4.1 and 4.3 are met by the adhesive after the 12-month storageperiod described above.4.3 Mechanical PropertiesThe mechanical properties ofthe adhesive, when cured for3hat636 3C (145.4 6 5.4F)or 7 days at 23
22、6 3 C (73.4 6 5.4F) at a cure pressure notto exceed 14 psig, shall meet the requirements of Tables 1-4.5. Significance and Use5.1 Adhesives used in the repair of sandwich panels fordurable, rigidwall, relocatable structures must have a combi-nation of mechanical property levels and environmental res
23、is-tance that will ensure long-term durability of the adhesivebonds when exposed to severe climatic exposures. In addition,these adhesives must have processability characteristics thatpermit their use in a variety of repair scenarios and environ-ments.5.2 This specification defines those characteris
24、tics that arerequired of adhesives to be used in the repair of sandwichpanels for durable, rigidwall, relocatable structures.6. Test Methods6.1 Preparation of Test SpecimensThe adherends shall beeither 6061 T6 or 5052 H34 aluminum alloy (Federal Specifi-cations QQ-A-250/11d or QQ-A-250/8d, respectiv
25、ely, orSpecification B 209) and shall be cleaned as prescribed inPractice E 864.6.2 ApparatusThe testing machine shall conform to therequirements of Practices E4. The load range shall be selectedso that the maximum loads for each type of test conducted fallsbetween 15 and 85 % of the full-scale capa
26、city. Autographicequipment, or equipment that will produce equivalent accu-racy, shall be used to record loads.6.3 Lap-Shear StrengthThe lap shear tests shall be per-formed in accordance with Test Method D 1002 and at the testconditions listed in Table 1. In all tests the test chamber shallbe stabil
27、ized at the test temperature for 45 min prior to the testand before the specimens are placed in it.6.3.1 Reduced and Elevated Temperature TestsFor thetest to be conducted on specimens that have not been humidity-aged, bring the specimens to the test temperature, as indicatedby a thermocouple at the
28、bond area, and stabilize for 10 minjust prior to test.6.3.2 Elevated Temperature Test after Humidity AgingThespecimen shall be maintained in the humid environment untilimmediately before insertion into the test chamber. The speci-men shall be inserted into the test chamber and the chambertemperature
29、 returned to the test temperature as rapidly aspossible to minimize specimen dryout. Based on the thermo-couple located at the bond area, commence the test 2 min afterthe thermocouple returns to the test temperature.6.4 Flatwise Tensile StrengthSandwich specimens shallbe prepared using nonmetallic h
30、oneycomb core meeting therequirements of Specification E 1091, Type IV. The specimensshall have an area of 58 cm2(9 in.2) and be tested in accordancewith the requirements in MIL-STD-401. The facing skins shallbe a minimum of 0.51 mm (0.020 in.) thick. The adhesive layerbetween the facing skins and t
31、he honeycomb core shall beuniformly applied at a rate of 0.0488 gm/cm2(0.1 lb/ft2).TABLE 1 Tensile Lap Shear (Test Method D 1002)Test ConditionANumber ofSpecimensto beTestedAverage MustExceedMinimum MustExceedBC (F) MPa (psi) MPa (psi)54 6 3 (65 6 5) 6 13.8 (2000) 11.7 (1700)23 6 3(736 5) 6 17.9 (26
32、00) 15.2 (2200)60 6 3 (140 6 5) 6 16.5 (2400) 14.1 (2050)93 6 3 (199 6 5) 6 10.3 (1500) 8.6 (1250)60 6 3 (140 6 5) 6 8.3 (1200) 7.0 (1020)AAfter 30 day exposure to 60 6 3C (140 6 5F) and 95 to 100 % relativehumidity.BAll specimens tested must exceed these minimum values.TABLE 2 Flatwise Tension (Spe
33、cification E 1091)Test ConditionNumber ofSpecimensto beTestedAverage Must ExceedMinimum MustExceedAC (F) MPa (psi) MPa (psi)54 6 3 (65 6 5) 6 2.11 (306) 1.79 (260)23 6 3(736 5) 6 2.11 (306) 1.79 (260)60 6 3 (140 6 5) 6 1.56 (226) 1.33 (192)AAll specimens tested must exceed these minimum values.TABLE
34、 3 Climbing Drum Peel (Test Method D 1781)Test ConditionNumber ofSpecimensto beTestedAverage Must ExceedMinimum MustExceedAC (F) N-m/m (in.-lb/in.) N-m/m (in.-lb/in.)54 6 3 (65 6 5) 6 18 (4.04) 15.3 (3.4)23 6 3(736 5) 6 36 (8.08) 30.6 (6.8)60 6 3 (140 6 5) 6 24 (6.06) 22.7 (5.1)AAll specimens tested
35、 must exceed these minimum values.TABLE 4 Durability Test (Test Method D 2919)Test ConditionNumber ofSpecimensto be TestedApplied Stress AverageTime toFailure toExceedMPa (psi)60 6 3C (140 6 5F) and95 to 100 % R.H.668.311.0(1200)(1600)400 h50 hE15550826.4.1 Reduced and Elevated Temperature TestsStab
36、ilizethe chamber used to test the specimens at the test temperaturefor 45 min prior to the test and before the specimens are placedin it. Bring the specimens to the required test temperature, asindicated by a thermocouple at the bond area, and stabilize for10 min just prior to test.6.5 Climbing Drum
37、 Peel StrengthSandwich specimensshall be prepared using nonmetallic honeycomb core meetingthe requirements of Specification E 1091, Type IV. The speci-mens shall be of the dimensions specified and tested inaccordance with the requirements in Test Method D 1781. Thepeeling face skin shall be 6061 T6
38、(QQ-A-250/11d) or 5052H34 (QQ-A-250/8d) aluminum alloy, 0.51 mm (0.020 in.)thick. The adhesive is to be uniformly applied on each skin ofthe sandwich construction at a rate of 0.0488 gm/cm2(0.1lb/ft2).6.5.1 Reduced and Elevated Temperature TestsRepeat6.4.1.6.6 Dead Load Stress DurabilityTest the spe
39、cimens inaccordance with Test Method D 2919. Maintain the conditionsof the test chamber at 60 6 3C (140 6 5.4F) and 95 to 100 %relative humidity.6.7 SagSag shall be defined as the average length of theadhesive flow line maxima down a vertical plate when tested at23 6 3C (73.9 6 5.4F) in the manner d
40、escribed below.6.7.1 Materials RequiredThe following materials are re-quired to carry out the sag test:6.7.1.1 Aluminum test panel conforming to dimensionsshown in Fig. 1a, solvent cleaned, and having lightly scribedlines located as shown in Fig. 1a,6.7.1.2 Aluminum screeding templates, conforming t
41、o di-mensions shown in Fig. 2, and6.7.1.3 Notched rack to hold test panels in vertical position.6.7.2 Application of Adhesive to Test PanelUsing a suit-able applicator, apply3goffreshly mixed adhesive to therectangular area of the aluminum test panel outlined by thelight scribe lines. Spread this un
42、iformly over the rectangulararea, ensuring that the adhesive extends to or slightly beyondthe edges of the rectangle. Avoid incorporating voids into thisadhesive test patch. Draw the vertical screeding template,illustrated in Fig. 2b, across the length of the test panel onetime in a bottom to top di
43、rection. The purpose of this is to leavean adhesive test patch with uniform thickness and well-definedside edges. If adhesive smears are left on the test panel afterthis step, these shall be ignored as long as the side edges of thetest patch are well-defined. When required to generate well-defined e
44、dges, this step shall be repeated a second time. Nextdraw the horizontal screeding template, illustrated in Fig. 2a,across the width of the test panel one time. The purpose of thisis to establish well-defined upper and lower edges with as little,and preferably no, adhesive left on the test panel bel
45、ow thescribe line. Perform this one time, ignoring any adhesive thathas been pulled off the exit side of the adhesive test patch. Donot use solvent to clean adhesive smears off of the test panel,since this will influence sag.6.7.3 TestPlace the test panel in a notched rack capable ofholding the test
46、 panel in a vertical position (to within 2 of truevertical). The notched rack shall not interfere with flow of theadhesive down the test panel. A satisfactory rack has beenmade from metal channel. Maintain the test panel in the(a) Clean, scribed aluminum test panel,1.27 mm (0.050 in.) or greater thi
47、ck-ness.(b) Test panel with pre-pared test patch of ad-hesive.(c) Flow pattern with threeflow line maximas.(d) Flow pattern with oneflow line maxima.FIG. 1 Illustration of Sag Test Specimen(a) Horizontal Screeding Template, 0.062 in. Thick(b) Vertical Screeding Template, 0.062 in., ThickFIG. 2 Scree
48、ding Templates for Preparation of Test Patch on SagSpecimenE1555083vertical position at 23 6 3C (73.4 6 5.4F) until the adhesivehardens and no longer flows. Measure and record the length ofeach flow line maxima of the adhesive from the full-widthscribe line to the point at which the flow stops below
49、 the line.Calculate the average length of these flow line maxima, asillustrated in Fig. 1c. If there is only one maxima, as illustratedin Fig. 1d, it is considered the average. Repeat the test twice toobtain a total of three Mavgvalues and calculate SAG as shownin 6.7.4. In order for a test to be considered valid, the sag testpanels must be fully prepared and placed in the vertical holdingrack not later than 15 min after mixing of the two adhesivecomponents has been completed.6.7.4 Pass/Fail CriterionSAG shall be c
