1、Designation: E2952 17Standard Specification forAir-Purifying Respiratory Protective Smoke Escape Devices(RPED)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2952; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of l
2、ast revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers the minimum requirements forthe design, performance, testing, and certification of air-purify
3、ing respiratory protective smoke escape devices forimmediate emergency evacuation without entry/re-entry.1.2 The purpose of this specification shall be to provideminimum requirements for respiratory protective escape de-vices that provide limited protection for 15 min for escape fromthe by-products
4、of fire, including particulate matter, carbonmonoxide, other toxic gases, and the effects of radiant heat.1.3 The requirements of this specification specify an air-purifying respiratory protective escape device with alaboratory-tested 15-min service life intended to provide head,eye, and respiratory
5、 protection from particulate matter,irritants, and toxic gases and vapors commonly produced byfire.1.4 Controlled laboratory tests that are used to determinecompliance with the performance requirements of this specifi-cation shall not be deemed as establishing performance levelsfor all situations to
6、 which individuals can be exposed.1.5 This specification shall not apply to the requirements forprovision, installation, or use of air-purifying respiratory pro-tective smoke escape devices.1.6 This specification shall not apply to respiratory protec-tive escape devices intended for use in circumsta
7、nces in whichan oxygen deficiency (oxygen less than 19.5 % by volume)exists or might exist.1.7 This specification is not intended to be used as a detailedmanufacturing or purchase specification, but shall be permittedto be referenced as a minimum requirement in purchasespecifications.1.8 UnitsThe va
8、lues stated in SI units are to be regardedas standard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate s
9、afety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2B117 Practice for Operating Salt Spray (Fog) ApparatusD1003 Test Method for Haze and Luminous Transmittanceof Transparent PlasticsD4101 Specification for Poly
10、propylene Injection and Extru-sion MaterialsF1140 Test Methods for Internal Pressurization Failure Re-sistance of Unrestrained Packages2.2 ISO Standards:3ISO/IEC 17065 Conformity AssessmentRequirements forBodies Certifying Products, Processes and ServicesISO 9001 Quality SystemsModel for QualityAssu
11、rance inDesign, Development, Production, Installation, and Ser-vicingISO 9002 Quality SystemsModel for QualityAssurance inProduction, Installation, and Servicing.2.3 NFPA Standard:4NFPA 1981 Standard on Open-Circuit Self-ContainedBreathing Apparatus for the Fire Service3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:
12、3.1.1 air-purifying respiratory protective smoke escapedevice, RPED, nair-purifying respirator used to protect aperson while escaping from a fire by removing certain con-taminants of fire-generated products of combustion from theinhaled air.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Commi
13、ttee E54 onHomeland Security Applications and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeE54.04 on Personal Protective Equipment (PPE).Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2017. Published March 2017. Originallyapproved in 2014. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as E2952 14. DOI:10.1520/E2952-17.2F
14、or referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from International Organization for Standardization
15、(ISO), 1, ch. dela Voie-Creuse, CP 56, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland, http:/www.iso.org.4Available from National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), 1 BatterymarchPark, Quincy, MA 02169-7471, http:/www.nfpa.org.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA
16、19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Te
17、chnical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.13.1.2 accessory, nitem that may be provided with anRPED that does not affect its ability to meet the requirementsof this specification.3.1.3 approved, adjacceptable to the authority havingjurisdiction.3.1.4 authority having jurisdiction, norganization, offi
18、ce,or individual responsible for approving any equipment, aninstallation, or a procedure.3.1.5 basic plane, nplane through the centers of theexternal ear openings and the lower edges of the eye sockets.3.1.6 certification/certify, n/adjsystem whereby an orga-nization determines that a manufacturer h
19、as demonstrated theability to produce a product that complies with the require-ments of this specification, authorizes the manufacturer to usea label on listed products that comply with the requirements ofthis specification, and establishes a follow-up program con-ducted by the organization as a che
20、ck on the methods themanufacturer uses to determine continued compliance oflabeled and listed products with the requirements of thisspecification.3.1.7 certification organization, nindependent third-partyorganization that determines product compliance with therequirements of this specification with
21、a labeling/listing/follow-up program.3.1.8 compliance/compliant, n/adjmeeting or exceedingall applicable requirements of this specification.3.1.9 donning time, ntime for equipment in hand to beplaced over the head of the wearer and become functional. Thistime shall include the removal of an operatio
22、nal packaging.3.1.10 follow-up program, nsampling, inspections, tests,or other measures conducted by the certification organizationon a periodic basis to determine the continued compliance oflisted products that are being produced by the manufacturer tothe requirements of this specification.3.1.11 g
23、as, nfluid that has neither independent shape norvolume and tends to expand indefinitely.3.1.12 haze, npercent of incident light that is not trans-mitted in a straight line through the lens but forward scattered,greater than 2.5 diverging.3.1.13 identical respiratory protective escape device,nRPED t
24、hat is produced to the same engineering andmanufacturing specifications.3.1.14 labeled, adjequipment or material to which hasbeen attached a label, symbol, or other identifying mark of anorganization that is acceptable to the authority having jurisdic-tion and concerned with product evaluation, that
25、 maintainsperiodic inspection of production of labeled equipment ormaterials, and by whose labeling the manufacturer indicatescompliance with appropriate standards or performance in aspecified manner.3.1.15 light transmission, nratio of the luminous (approxi-mately 380- through 760-mm) radiant power
26、 transmitted by anobject to the incident luminous radiant power.3.1.16 listed, adjequipment, materials, or services in-cluded in a list published by the certification organization.3.1.17 melt, vto change from solid to liquid or becomeconsumed by action of heat in a manner that could injure theuser.3
27、.1.18 model, nterm used to identify an RPED, includingall variants to its design.3.1.19 product label, nmarking affixed to the RPED bythe manufacturer containing general information, warnings,care, maintenance, or similar data.3.1.19.1 DiscussionThis product label is not the certifica-tion organizat
28、ions label, symbol, or identifying mark;however, the certification organizations label, symbol, oridentifying mark may be attached to it or be part of it. Seelabeled.3.1.20 ready-to-use configuration, nRPED in its finalpackaging state before use that, immediately upon opening orremoving this operati
29、onal package, allows the user to don theRPED.3.1.21 RPED, na “short hand” acronym for Air-PurifyingRespiratory Protective Smoke Escape Device.3.1.22 service life, nthe manufacturer-declared durationof protection provided by the RPED for escape once theoperational packaging is opened or removed from
30、an RPED ina ready-to-use configuration.3.1.23 shall, vindicates a mandatory requirement.3.1.24 shelf life, nduration that an RPED can be storedunder proper conditions in its ready-to-use configuration andremain suitable for use.4. Performance Requirements4.1 Carbon Dioxide (CO2) InhalationRPED shall
31、 betested for CO2levels in the inspired air stream as specified in7.1 and shall not contain CO2concentration levels that exceed2.5 %.4.2 DonningRPED shall be tested for donning ability asspecified in 7.2. The time needed to don the RPED shall notexceed 30 s.4.3 Breathing Resistance:4.3.1 RPED shall
32、be tested for resistance to breathing asspecified in 7.3. The maximum inhalation resistance shall be81.5-mm water column below ambient pressure from thebeginning of the test until its conclusion.4.3.2 RPED shall be tested for resistance to breathing asspecified in 7.3. The maximum exhalation resista
33、nce shall be30.6-mm water column above ambient pressure from thebeginning of the test until its conclusion.4.4 Particulate FiltrationRPED shall be tested for thefiltration of particles as specified in 7.4. The minimum filtrationefficiency shall be 95 % at any time during the test.4.5 Total Inward Le
34、akage:4.5.1 RPED shall be tested for proper fit as specified in 7.5.The maximum total inward leakage of the challenge agent shallbe an average of 2 % of the inhaled air for any of the testsubjects in any of the test exercises.4.5.2 The measured inward leakage shall include the exha-lation valve leak
35、age.E2952 1724.6 Optical Properties:4.6.1 Light TransmissionThe vision area of the RPEDshall be tested for light transmission as specified in 7.6.1. Thevision area shall have minimum light transmission of 20 % andthe haze shall not exceed 15 %.4.6.2 Field of VisionThe field of vision of the RPED sha
36、llbe tested as specified in 7.6.2 and shall have a score of at least70.4.6.3 FoggingThe vision area of the RPED shall be testedfor fogging as specified in 7.6.3. The test subject shall becapable of reading the Snellen eye chart at the 20/100 level.4.6.4 Ocular LeakageRPED shall be tested for ocularl
37、eakage as specified in 7.6.4. The maximum total ocularleakage of the challenge agent shall be an average of 20 % ofthe outside challenge environment for any of the test subjectsin any of the test exercises.4.7 Operational Packaging Leakage:4.7.1 RPED shall be tested for leakage in its ready-to-useco
38、nfiguration as specified in 7.7.1.4.7.2 After immersion, the exterior shall be immediatelydried and weighed. There shall be no additional weight gain inexcess of the tolerance of the scale.4.7.3 RPED shall be tested for burst strength in its ready touse configuration as specified in 7.7.2.4.7.4 The
39、RPED in the ready-to-use configuration shall notexperience a package burst until the internal pressure has beenraised by at least 450 mbar (6.5 psi).4.8 Chemical CapacityThe RPED shall be tested for gasbreakthrough as specified in 7.8. The RPED shall have aminimum gas life of 15 min for the breakthr
40、ough conditions foreach of the seven specific gases detailed herein.4.9 Inhalation TemperatureRPED shall be tested for in-spired air temperature as specified in 7.9. The inhalationtemperature shall not exceed 90C dry bulb or 50C wet bulbwhen run at a cyclic flow.4.10 Soot Particulate:4.10.1 RPED sha
41、ll be tested for increased inhalation breath-ing resistance as a result of soot particulate as specified in 7.10.The inhalation breathing resistance shall not exceed 204-mmwater column.4.10.2 RPED shall be tested for increased exhalation breath-ing resistance as a result of soot particulate as speci
42、fied in 7.10.The exhalation breathing resistance shall not exceed 153-mmwater column.4.11 Flammability:4.11.1 RPED shall be tested for heat and flame resistance asspecified in 7.11. Components of the RPED shall not have anyafter flame after 5 s.4.11.2 RPED shall be tested for heat and flame resistan
43、ce asspecified in 7.11. No RPED component shall drip, melt, ordevelop a hole that is visible to the unaided eye or be damagedin a manner that exposes eyes or lungs to gas or smoke.4.11.3 After having been tested for heat and flame, theRPED shall be evaluated for vision as specified in 7.11.8. The20/
44、100 vision lines shall be legible.4.12 Molten Polymeric Drip Resistance:4.12.1 RPED shall be tested for resistance to molten drips asspecified in 7.12. Any after flame shall not exceed 5 s.4.12.2 RPED shall be tested for resistance to molten drips asspecified in 7.12. The decrease in inhalation resi
45、stance shall notexceed 25 %.4.12.3 RPED shall be tested for resistance to molten drips asspecified in 7.12. No component shall drip, melt, or develop ahole that is visible to the unaided eye.4.13 Radiant Heat Resistance:4.13.1 RPED shall be tested for resistance to radiant heat asspecified in 7.13.
46、The temperature at the top of the head formand in the eyepiece shall not exceed 70C.4.13.2 RPED shall be tested for resistance to radiant heat asspecified in 7.13. RPED shall not become damaged in a mannerthat exposes eyes or lungs to gas or smoke.4.14 Corrosion Resistance:4.14.1 RPED shall be teste
47、d for resistance to corrosion asspecified in 7.14 and shall be evaluated for the proper use andfunction of all controls or operating features, as specified in themanufacturers instructions.4.14.2 Metals that are used in the RPED, storage containers,and accessories that are inherently resistant to co
48、rrosionincluding, but not limited to, stainless steel, brass, copper,aluminum, and zinc, shall show no more than light surface-typecorrosion or oxidation. Ferrous metals shall show no corrosionof the base metals.4.14.3 Following the corrosion resistance testing in accor-dance with 7.14, RPED shall t
49、hen be tested for resistance tobreathing as specified in 7.3. The inhalation resistance shall notexceed 85-mm water column below ambient pressure from thebeginning of the test until its conclusion.4.14.4 Following the corrosion resistance testing in 7.14,RPED shall then be tested for resistance to breathing asspecified in 7.3, Air Flow Resistance Test. The exhalationresistance shall not exceed 30.6-mm water column aboveambient pressure from the beginning of the test until itsconclusion.5. Design Requirements5.1 General:5.1.1 The design
