1、Designation: F 18 64 (Reapproved 2006)Standard Specification and Test Method forEvaluation of Glass-to-Metal Headers Used in ElectronDevices1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 18; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or, in the ca
2、se of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification and test method cover acceptancerequirements for headers used in electron
3、devices and describesprocedures for determining conformance to these require-ments.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the standard. The values given in parentheses are forinformation only.1.3 The following safety hazard caveat pertains only to thetest method (Sections 6-1
4、2) described in this specification. Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions
5、 prior to use.2. Terminology2.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:2.1.1 The header may be described as an external metalmember of cylindrical, oval, or other shape into which is sealedone or more wire leads or metal tubulations through a glassmedium. The metal parts may be plated or unp
6、lated and theglass may be clear or opaque.3. Acceptance Requirements3.1 The headers shall conform to the requirements asspecified in 3.1.1 and 3.1.2 when tested in accordance with theprescribed methods of test (Sections 4-12).3.1.1 Visual:3.1.1.1 Cracks around the lead shall be restricted axially an
7、dradially to one lead diameter. Specimens showing any othertype of crack shall be rejected.3.1.1.2 The glass shall be free of inclusions exceeding onehalf of the smallest lead diameter. Gas bubbles entirelyenclosed by glass are permissible up to a diameter notexceeding that of the smallest lead.3.1.
8、1.3 Metallic parts shall be as free of draw lines orgrooves longer (by visual estimate) than one half of the seallength as best commercial practice will permit.3.1.1.4 In the case of clear glass seals, reference is made tothe seal area only.3.1.1.5 In the case of opaque glass seals, reference is mad
9、eto any portion of the exposed metal parts.3.1.2 Leak:3.1.2.1 With the header sealed to the mass spectrometer leakdetector, the number of detectable leaks in a sample lot shall beless than the limit agreed upon between the purchaser and theseller.TEST METHODS4. Apparatus4.1 Microscope, of 10 power m
10、agnification, unless other-wise specified, in combination with suitable incandescentwhite light source.4.2 Mass Spectrometer Leak Detector, adjusted to respondto a tracer gas such as helium and capable of detecting leaks of109mL/s at standard temperature and pressure.4.3 Hood, having a volume of app
11、roximately 250 cm3,tocover the test specimen completely with the tracer gas. (Thehood should be flushed with the tracer gas for at least 10 s).4.4 Fixture, suitable for making a seal between the headerunder test and the lead detector. A suggested jig is shown inFig. 1.4.5 Bath, two constant temperat
12、ure water baths, and animmersion bath maintained at a temperature of 80Cto 70C.4.6 Torque Fixture, capable of holding the header in a fixedposition and capable of rotating a lead about its axis.4.7 Bending Fixture, capable of rotating the header throughanarcof90,+05,about an axis of the lead under t
13、est andthrough the exit point of the lead from the glass. A weight isattached to the lead at a point close to the extremity.4.8 Megohmmeter, for testing electric insulation.4.9 Furnace, capable of heating parts to a temperature of450C maximum.1This specification and test method are under the jurisdi
14、ction of ASTMCommittee F1 on Electronics and are the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeF01.03 on Metallic Materials.Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2006. Published January 2006. Originallyapproved in 1961 as F 18 61 T. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as F 18 64 (2000).1Copyright ASTM Inte
15、rnational, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.4.10 Lead Pull Tester, capable of holding the header in afixed position while applying a load along the axis of the leadin a direction perpendicular to the plane containing the rim ofthe header. The displa
16、cement of one constraining member ofthe tester shall increase at a constant rate with respect to thesecond constraining member of the tester.5. Conditions of Test5.1 Tests shall be made in the order indicated in Sections6-12, and on individual specimens unless otherwise specified.Each test shall be
17、performed with the apparatus described inthe corresponding paragraph of Section 4. Tests on leads shallbe made on portion of the lead external to the finished deviceunless otherwise specified. Lead dimensions referred to arenominal dimensions agreed upon between the purchaser andthe seller.6. Therma
18、l Shock6.1 With the header at room temperature immerse it in waterheld at 98C, minimum, for 1 min; and quench in water at 1C,maximum, for 1 min. The volume of the water bath shall belarge enough to prevent appreciable change in temperatureupon immersion of the header. Repeat this cycle 6 times. Then
19、bake the header in the furnace at 100 6 5C and under avacuum of less than 103torr for a minimum of 12 h. Theheaders shall conform to the requirements specified in 3.1.7. Torque7.1 Leads Less than 0.021 in. (0.53 mm) in DiameterClamp the lead to be tested between 2 and 4 diameters awayfrom the glass.
20、 With the header fixed, rotate the lead through1080 6 30 (3 complete revolutions) about its own axis at auniform rate of 10 to 20 r/min.After completion of the test, theheader shall conform to the requirements specified in 3.1.7.2 Leads or Terminals Greater than 0.021 in. (0.53 mm) inDiameterTo the
21、outer portion of the terminal at a pointbetween 2 and 4 terminal diameters away from the glass,slowly apply a torque of at least 0.445 kgfcm/(mm of leaddiameter)2or 250 lbfin./(in. of lead diameter)2as shown inFig. 2.The header shall conform to the requirement specified in3.1.8. Lead Fatigue8.1 Atta
22、ch to the flexible lead a weight computed from thefollowing equations: For Fe-Ni-Co, Dumet, and Ni-Fe alloys(Fig. 3):2.4 3 diameter of lead in mm!25 kgor55,000 3 diameter of lead in in.!25 ozFor Fe-Ni-Co clad copper (Fig. 4):1.2 3 diameter of lead in mm!25 kgor23,000 3 diameter of lead in in.!25 ozT
23、he weighted lead shall be capable of being bent through 5cycles at a rate of 15 to 20 cpm without breaking. One cycleconsists of a rotation of the header from 0 6 5 (from thenormal position) to 90+05andreturning to 0 6 5.FIG. 1 Fixture for Making a Seal Between the Header Under Test and the Leak Det
24、ectorF 18 64 (2006)29. Electrical Leakage9.1 The d-c resistance as measured between any two metalmembers shall be greater than 1000 MV. Perform this mea-surement at a temperature of 25 6 5C and a relative humidityof 45 6 10 %. Apply a voltage of at least 500 V dc. Themethod of cleaning the headers p
25、rior to this test shall be asagreed upon by the purchaser and the seller.10. Simulated Thermal Welding Shock10.1 Quench the header in water at + 2C, maximum, froma temperature of 400 6 10C for matched seals and 285 610C for compression seals. Seals should reach thermal equi-librium at the elevated t
26、emperature before quenching. Thenbake the header at 1006 5C and under a vacuum less than103torr for a minimum of 12 h. The header shall thenconform to the requirement specified in 3.1.11. Transformation11.1 For matched seals, wrap two layers of tissue paperaround the header to minimize thermal shock
27、, and immerse theheader into a low-temperature bath maintainedbetween 80C and 70C for a minimum period of 1 h.Upon return to room temperature, the header shall show noevidence of transformation and shall conform to the require-ments specified in 3.1.12. Pull Test12.1 Subject the leads to an axial pu
28、ll (or push), with aforce, as shown in Fig. 5, of at least 2800 psi (19.3 MPa) ofsealed area on the pulled lead (Note 1). After the pull test theheader shall show no evidence of leaks and shall conform tothe requirements specified in 3.1.FIG. 2 Nomograph of Torque Loads for Various Wire DiametersFIG
29、. 3 Nomograph of Weights for Lead Fatigue Test of Fe-Ni-Co, Dumet, and Ni-Fe AlloysF 18 64 (2006)3NOTE 1The sealed area of the pulled lead can be determined asfollows:A 5pDLwhere:A = sealed area of the pulled lead,D = diameter of the lead, andL = length of the glass-to-metal interface on the lead, e
30、xcluding themenisci.13. Report13.1 The report shall include the results of all tests and theirconformance with the specified requirements.14. Keywords14.1 electrical testing; glass to metal sealing; mechanicaltest methodsFIG. 4 Nomograph of Weights for Lead Fatigue Test of Fe-Ni-Co Clad Copper WireF
31、IG. 5 Nomograph of Pull Test Loads for Various Wire Diameters and Seal AreasF 18 64 (2006)4ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination
32、 of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdraw
33、n. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your co
34、mments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).F 18 64 (2006)5
