1、Designation: F1898 15 An American National StandardStandard Specification forHelmets for Non-Motorized Wheeled Vehicles Used byInfants and Toddlers1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1898; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, i
2、n the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers performance requirements forhelmets manufactured for use
3、 by infants and toddlers aspassengers or operators of nonmotorized vehicles intended fortheir use. This specification recognizes the desirability oflightweight construction and ventilation; however, it is aperformance standard and is not intended to restrict design.1.2 All testing and requirements o
4、f this specification shallbe in accordance with Test Methods F1446 except as noted.1.3 Partial utilization of this standard is prohibited. Anystatement of compliance with this specification must be acertification that the product meets all of the requirements ofthis specification in their entirety.
5、A product that fails to meetany one of the requirements of this specification is consideredto have failed this standard, and should not be sold with anyindication that it meets parts of this standard.1.4 Headgear that complies with this and other standardsmay proclaim uses as described in those stan
6、dards as certifiedby the manufacturer.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the u
7、ser of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2F1446 Test Methods for Equipment and Procedures Used inEvaluating the Performance Characteristics of Protectiv
8、eHeadgear3. Labels and Warnings3.1 In addition to the labeling requirements outlined in TestMethods F1446, the helmet shall have the words “For use byinfants and toddlers when riding non-motorized wheeled ve-hicles intended for their use” inscribed on one of the interiorpermanent labels.4. Marking t
9、he Test Line4.1 The test line is shown in Fig. 1 and shall be marked inaccordance with Test Methods F1446.5. Conditioning and Number of Samples5.1 Four helmets of each model and size are required fortesting.5.2 Conditioning of test samples is described in Test Meth-ods F1446.6. Headforms6.1 Headform
10、s to be used in this specification are sizesA, C,and E according to Test Methods F1446, using the variablemass drop assembly configuration. The appropriate size head-form shall be selected in accordance with Test Methods F1446for the helmet to be tested.6.2 The headform center of gravity specified i
11、n AppendixX1 of Test Methods F1446 will be allowed an additionaltolerance in the X-axis. The tolerance allows the location of thecenter of gravity to lie between -6.5 mm and 40 mm of thecenter of the ball socket (positive X is toward the monorailwhere applicable).7. Peripheral Vision Requirement7.1
12、The peripheral vision requirements shall be as specifiedin Test Methods F1446.8. Retention System Testing8.1 Retention system tests will be performed before impacttesting. The retention system shall be tested in accordance withTest Methods F1446 using a 7-kg 6 5 % support assembly.1This specificatio
13、n is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F08 on SportsEquipment, Playing Surfaces, and Facilities and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee F08.53 on Headgear and Helmets.Current edition approved April 1, 2015. Published April 2015. Originallyapproved in 1998. Last previous edition approv
14、ed in 2015 as F1898 08 (2015).DOI: 10.1520/F1898-15.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright
15、 ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States18.2 The stability (roll-off) test will be performed using a4-kg drop mass falling a distance of 0.6 m. The stability testwill be performed on the ambient helmet.8.3 The retention system shall rem
16、ain intact and the helmetmust remain on the headform.8.4 The dynamic strength test will be performed using a4-kg drop mass falling a distance of 0.6 m. The dynamicstrength test will be performed on the cold, wet, and hothelmets.8.5 The retention system shall remain intact without elon-gating more th
17、an 30 mm.9. Anvils and Impact Velocities9.1 Anvils to be used for impact tests in this specificationare the flat, hemispherical and curbstone anvils described inTest Methods F1446.9.2 The helmet shall be dropped onto the flat anvil toachieve an impact velocity of 6.2 m/s 6 3 % (corresponding toa the
18、oretical drop height of 2.0 m).9.3 The helmet shall be dropped onto the hemispherical andcurbstone anvils to achieve an impact velocity of 4.8 m/s 63 % (corresponding to a theoretical drop height of 1.2 m).10. Impact Sites10.1 Impact tests shall be performed after retention testing.10.2 The center o
19、f the impact can be anywhere on or abovethe test line shown in Fig. 1.11. Impacting Schedule11.1 Each hot, cold, or wet helmet shall receive a singleimpact at not more than four sites.11.2 Impacts shall be separated by a minimum of 120 mm.11.3 Any combination of flat and hemispherical anvils canbe a
20、pplied to the hot, cold and wet helmets.11.4 The ambient helmet shall receive one impact using thecurbstone anvil.12. Peak Acceleration Requirements12.1 The peak acceleration (g, max) of the impact shall bemeasured with equipment described in Test Methods F1446.12.2 The peak acceleration of any impa
21、ct shall not exceed300 g.13. Keywords13.1 bicycle; helmet; infant and toddlerDimensionHeadformSizeX L/2 Y R S T UA 24.0 88.0 89.7 30.0 15.0 118.0 63.0C 25.0 91.0 92.7 31.0 15.5 122.0 65.0E 26.0 94.5 96.0 32.0 16.0 126.5 67.5NOTE 1This test line drawing shows test lines on helmet rather than on headf
22、orm and uses dimensional nomenclature R, S, T, U as in other drawings(formerly a, b, c,.). The position of the lines on this drawing has not changed except that they are a bit more stringent because of the angle of projectionfrom the c/g, which is the center of the ball about which the headform pivo
23、ts to align an impact site with the anvil.FIG. 1 Marking the Test LineF1898 152ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the vali
24、dity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comm
25、ents are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have
26、not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple c
27、opies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 153
