1、Designation: F2303 03 (Reapproved 2015)Standard Practice forSelection of Gravity Sewers Suitable for Installation ofOptical Fiber Cable and Conduits1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2303; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,
2、in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice specifically addresses the criteria fordetermining the suitability
3、of gravity sewers for secondary usessuch as the installation of optical fiber systems.1.1.1 This practice applies to the process of selecting gravitysewers that are appropriate for accepting an optical fibersystem as opposed to standards for the installation, operationand maintenance of such system
4、within sewers.1.2 This practice applies to both man accessible and maninaccessible sewer systems.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns
5、, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D543 Practices for Evaluating the Resistanc
6、e of Plastics toChemical ReagentsD1600 Terminology forAbbreviated Terms Relating to Plas-ticsF412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems2.2 Other Documents:NASSCO Standard “Gravity Sanitary Sewer Design andConstruction,” Manual of Practice No. FD-5, ASCE Rec-ommended Specifications for Sewer
7、 Collection SystemRehabilitationSewer Rehabilitation Manual (SRM) produced by the WaterResearch Center (WRc, Swindon, England)3. Terminology3.1 Definitions are in accordance with Terminology F412and abbreviations are in accordance with Terminology D1600,unless otherwise specified.3.2 Definitions of
8、Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 combined sewerssewers that carry both wastewaterand storm or surface water.3.2.2 engineerthe licensed professional designated by theowner/operator of the sewer system to represent the owners/operators interests during the selection process.3.2.3 installerthe per
9、son(s) or body installing the opticalfiber system within the sewer.3.2.4 manholesvertical shafts to connect intersecting sew-ers to allow transitions in size, alignment and grade and toallow entry to the sewers for cleaning, inspection, and main-tenance.3.2.5 optical fiber cablecable formed of many
10、strands ofoptical fiber for transmission of data, video, audio, voice, andother information.3.2.6 optical fiber conduitfully-supported tubes suitablyaffixed to or suitably incorporated into the wall structure of thesewer.3.2.7 optical fiber systemthe complete set of installedoptical fiber components
11、 including cable, conduit and attach-ment components.3.2.8 owner/operatorthe person(s) or body charged withmaintenance and operation of the sewer system.3.2.9 sanitary sewerssewers that carry wastewater fromusers to the treatment plant.3.2.10 service lateralportion of the sewer system thatconnects a
12、 user to the sewer.3.2.11 sewerburied piping designed to carry wastewateror storm run-off.3.2.12 storm sewerssewers that carry storm or surfacewater away from roadways or structures to waterways.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F36 on Technologyand Underground Utilities and
13、 is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F36.10on Optical Fiber Systems within Existing Infrastructure.Current edition approved June 1, 2015. Published June 2015. Originallyapproved in 2003. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as F2303 03(2009).DOI: 10.1520/F2303-03R15.2For referenced ASTM s
14、tandards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken
15、, PA 19428-2959. United States14. Summary of Practice4.1 Optical fiber cable and conduit systems in existingsewers shall be designed and installed so that they have aminimal effect on the sewers hydraulic performance and noeffect on their structural integrity. Their design and installationshall also
16、 allow for the safe and efficient operation andmaintenance of the sewer, and provide for the safe and efficientoperation of the optical fiber system. The ultimate success ofthe installation and operation of optical fiber and sewer systemsdepends upon the proper evaluation and selection of appropri-a
17、te sewers. The steps in the process include the followingitems:4.1.1 Cleaning,4.1.2 Inspection and evaluation of the sewers which arecandidates for optical fiber cable or conduit installation,4.1.3 Selection of sewer route, and4.1.4 Documentation of cable routing.5. Significance and Use5.1 This prac
18、tice is intended to assist engineers and sewerowner/operators in determining the suitability of sewers for asecondary use as hosts for optical fiber cables and conduits. Itmust be kept in mind that the primary use of the sewers is tocarry wastewater or storm water, or both.Any secondary use ofthe sy
19、stem shall not significantly impair the primary use. It isup to the engineer to decide upon any exceptions that may beinvolved in the selection process.5.2 Before the selection procedure begins, the installer musthave explicit authorization from the owner/operator allowingan evaluation to be conduct
20、ed for the installation of opticalfiber cables or conduits within their sewer system.5.3 Engineers and owners should also be cognizant of howthe installation of optical fiber cable or conduits will impact thefuture operational, maintenance, and rehabilitation needs of thesewers.6. Sewer Selection Pr
21、ocedure6.1 Cleaning and Flow Bypass:6.1.1 Requirement to CleanPrior to selection of a candi-date sewer, the sewer must be thoroughly cleaned to allow forproper inspection and evaluation according to the selectioncriteria outlined below. The National Association of SewerServices Companies (NASSCO) pr
22、ovides a helpful standard(NASSCO Standard). This cleaning process shall be performedwith the equipment recommended by the optical fiber installeras being compatible (see 6.1.3). The cleaning process thenserves as a test of the effectiveness of the cleaning equipmentas well as allowing the inspection
23、 of the integrity of the sewer.6.1.2 Exceptions to Cleaning RequirementIn cases wherethe pipe has recently been cleaned or has been recentlyinstalled, the cleaning requirement may be waived by mutualconsent of the system owner and optical fiber system installer.6.1.3 Requirement for CompatibilityThe
24、 installer shallrecommend compatible sewer-cleaning methods to the owner/operator. Such methods shall be compatible with both theexisting pipeline (material and condition) and with the opticalfiber system, and shall be effective in maintaining the operationof the sewer without compromising the perfo
25、rmance of thesewer. The installer shall provide written assurance of thesuitability for use of these methods throughout the term that theoptical fiber system remains installed in the sewer.6.1.4 Requirement to BypassUnless otherwise agreed bythe owner/operator, the flow in the candidate sewer must b
26、etemporarily stopped or fully bypassed prior to inspection toallow for a complete examination and evaluation of the internalpipe circumference.6.2 Inspection:6.2.1 TelevisingThe inspection of the sewer system andappurtenances shall be accomplished by means of a closedcircuit television system (CCTV)
27、 or other equivalent technol-ogy. Records of the inspection in analog or digital format willbe maintained and forwarded to the system owner/operator inthe selection report.6.2.1.1 Visual QualityThe visual quality will be such as toallow determination of the presence of cracks, separated joints,greas
28、e, deposits, sags, high water marks, infiltration, corrosion,and root intrusion.6.2.1.2 Distance RecordingThe distance from the startingpoint of each inspection run must be designated by a specificreference (for example, middle of manhole) acceptable to theowner/operator.6.2.1.3 Acceptability of Dig
29、ital Optical Scanning (NewTechnology)If acceptable to the owner, digital optical scan-ning may be substituted for CCTV. The requirement for degreeof resolution and recording of data remains the same as forCCTV methods.6.2.1.4 Replicable System Assessment MethodThe methodused to document the presence
30、 and severity of sewer faultsshall be replicable. Unless otherwise specified by the owner/operator, a standard fault coding system such as the WRcStandard Fault Code (or equivalent) may be used to satisfy thiscriterion. The system selected should be capable ofdocumenting, at a minimum, the presence
31、and severity of thefollowing types of faults: longitudinal cracks, radial cracks,breaks, gapped joints, damaged seals, infiltration/inflow, sags,levels of corrosion, out-of-round pipe, and uneven slopes.6.2.1.5 Requirement for Trained ProfessionalThe inspec-tion operator shall be a trained individua
32、l with suitableprofessional qualifications (for example, NASSCO certifica-tion) to provide a qualified inspection opinion as to faultcoding.6.3 Sewer Selection Criteria:6.3.1 The data from the inspection and evaluation should beused to identify the sewer sections and manholes suitable forinstallatio
33、n of optical fiber cables and conduits. The candidatesewer must meet minimum criteria based upon hydraulic,structural, operations and maintenance, and flow chemistryanalysis. Those sections not meeting the selection criteria shallbe rejected, suitably repaired or rehabilitated, or otherwisemodified
34、and re-inspected. Otherwise, an alternative route shallbe selected in order for the project to receive recommendation.6.3.2 Requirement for Professional OpinionThe individu-al(s) reviewing the inspection video and evaluating the seweras a potential candidate for optical fiber cables and conduitsmust
35、 be a professional engineer or qualified individual accept-able to the owner/operator who has both the training andF2303 03 (2015)2experience in sewer assessment required to provide a qualifiedopinion on the suitability of the sewer in accordance with theselection criteria.6.3.3 Selection CriteriaTh
36、e evaluation of candidate sew-ers requires careful consideration, research and review of thefollowing criteria:6.3.3.1 HydraulicsThe analysis must address the feasibil-ity of installing optical fiber cables or conduits, or both, undercurrent flow conditions and provide an assessment of theimpact of
37、optical fiber cable and conduit installations underboth current and future design flow conditions, as determinedby the owner/operator.(1) Unless otherwise determined by the owner/operator, thedesign flow requirement must be satisfied at 50 % full forsanitary and storm sewers less than 15-in. diamete
38、r, and 75 %full for larger pipes.(2) The pipe must be investigated for service history,unusual scouring, corrosion, grease buildup, dry-weather highflow, dry-weather low flow, wet-weather high flow, flowvelocity, debris load, root intrusion, overflows, blockages,maintenance history, protruding later
39、als, hydraulic jumps,turbulence, sags, infiltration, curves, and any other factor thatmay affect the installation or maintenance of optical fibercables and conduits.(3) The analysis must also consider anticipated future flowrequirements in terms of capacity and changes tributary to thepipe. This may
40、 occur when the pipe is used as a relief line toaccept diverted flow from parallel sewers, or as industrialdischarge is added to the system or as the sewer demandincreases with population increases and development.(4) Any non-structural defects (such as root intrusion,protruding laterals or infiltra
41、tion) must be repaired to allow apipe to remain a candidate for optical fiber system installation.6.3.3.2 StructuralThe pipeline and appurtenances must bestructurally stable and capable of resisting all external loads.(1) Pipes with dispersed short, hairline cracks or otherminor defects are generall
42、y considered structurally soundprovided the defects appear stable, there is no evidence of soilloss and there is no active infiltration. These pipes arecandidates for optical fiber system installation.(2) Characteristics that require further investigation andpotential repairs include open cracks, of
43、fsets, deflection/flattening (refer to applicable product piping standard forlimits), voids, missing pieces, infiltration and heavy corrosion.Pipes determined to be structurally challenged by the engineermust be suitably repaired or rehabilitated in order to remaincandidates for optical fiber system
44、 installation.6.3.3.3 Operations and Maintenance (O conduits; criteria; fiber in sewers; gravity; instal-lation; selection; sewers; suitabilityASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of th
45、is standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five ye
46、ars andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical commi
47、ttee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 194
48、28-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 03 (2015)4
