1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 7463-6: 1995 ISO 9184-6: 1994 Fibre furnish analysis of paper, board and pulps Part 6: Determination of fibre coarsenessBS7463-6:1995 This British Standard, having been prepared under the directionof the Materials and Chemicals Sector Board (I/-), waspublished under the authority
2、of the Standards Boardand comes into effect on 15 January1995 BSI 10-1999 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference PAI/11 Draft for comment 92/46422 DC ISBN 0 580 23660 9 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Sta
3、ndard was entrusted to Technical Committee PAI/11, upon which the following bodies were represented: British Carton Association British Fibreboard Packaging Association British Printing Industries Federation British Textile Confederation Envelope Makers and Manufacturing Stationers Association Her M
4、ajestys Stationery Office Institute of Paper Conservation Paper Federation of Great Britain Pira International Post Office University of Manchester (Institute of Science and Technology) Coopted members Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsBS7463-6:1995 BSI 10-1999 i Contents Pag
5、e Committees responsible Inside front cover National foreword ii 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 1 3 Definition 1 4 Principle 1 5 Reagents 1 6 Apparatus 1 7 Preparation of sample 1 8 Preparation of microscope slides 2 9 Procedure 2 10 Expression of results 2 11 Test report 3 Annex A (informative) B
6、ibliography 4 Table 1 Repeatability values obtained interlaboratory 3 List of references Inside back coverBS7463-6:1995 ii BSI 10-1999 National foreword This Part of BS7463 has been prepared under the direction of the Materials and Chemicals Sector Board. It is identical with ISO9184-6:1994 Paper, b
7、oard and pulps Fibre furnish analysis Part6: Determination of fibre coarseness, published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). The Technical Committee has reviewed the provisions of ISO5269-1:1979, to which normative reference is made in the text, and has decided that they ar
8、e acceptable for use in conjunction with this standard. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from lega
9、l obligations. Cross-references International Standard Corresponding British Standard ISO 638:1978 BS EN 20638:1994 Method for determination of dry-matter content of pulps (Identical) BS 7463 Fibre furnish analysis of paper, board andpulps ISO 9184-1:1990 Part 1:1990 General method (Identical) ISO 9
10、184-7:1994 Part 7:1995 Determination of weight factor (Identical) Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pagesi andii, pages1 to4, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporat
11、ed. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover.BS7463-6:1995 BSI 10-1999 1 1 Scope This part of ISO9184 specifies a method for the determination of fibre coarseness, which is a fibre property characterizing pulp. The weight factor (determined in accordance with ISO9184-7
12、) used in the fibre furnish analysis of paper, board and pulp can be calculated from the fibre coarseness. This method is applicable to pulps with relatively intact fibres, such as chemical and semichemical pulps. It does not apply to mechanical and chemimechanical pulps or highly beaten chemical or
13、semichemical pulps. 2 Normative references The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this part of ISO9184. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements
14、based on this part of ISO9184 are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. ISO 638:1978, Pulps Determination of dry matter content. ISO 5269-1
15、:1979, Pulps Preparation of laboratory sheets for physical testing Part1: Conventional sheet-former method. ISO 9184-1:1990, Paper board and pulps Fibre furnish analysis Part1: General method. ISO 9184-7:1994, Paper board and pulps Fibre furnish analysis Part7: Determination of weight factor. 3 Defi
16、nition For the purposes of this part of ISO9184, the following definition applies. 3.1 fibre coarseness mean mass (oven dry) per unit length of a particular kind of fibre NOTE 1In this part of ISO9184, the fibre coarseness is expressed in milligrams per metre. 4 Principle A known mass of fibres is d
17、istributed evenly over a known area. The number of fibre crossings along a line of known length is counted on a microscope slide. The fibre coarseness is obtained by calculation. 1) 5 Reagents 5.1 Stain, aqueous solution, which gives a strong colour to the fibres. Suitable stains for chemical wood p
18、ulps include Congo Blue solution,10g/l, and Victoria Blue solution,10g/l. 5.2 Sodium hydroxide, solution of about10g/l. 6 Apparatus Usual laboratory apparatus, and, in particular, the following. 6.1 Microscope, with accessories as specified in ISO9184-1:1990, clause6, and equipped with a mechanical
19、stage with free horizontal movement between50mm and60mm. The length of the movement is measured with an accuracy of 0,1mm. 6.2 Sheet-former, as described in ISO5269-1. 6.3 Glass filter funnel, 200ml capacity, with sintered disc, pore diameter between154m and404m. 6.4 Bottles, 100ml capacity, with wi
20、de neck, containing about250 glass beads of diameter4mm to5mm. 6.5 Paper filters, for qualitative analysis, cut to the same area as the wire of the sheet-former. 7 Preparation of sample 7.1 Air-dried pulp Tear about5g of the sample into small pieces and place it in a Petri dish or a similar dish. 7.
21、2 Slush pulp Make a pad of the sample by filtering on a glass filter(6.3). Air-dry the pad and continue as above with the air-dried pulp(7.1). 1) The references cited in Annex A may be useful in this respect.BS7463-6:1995 2 BSI 10-1999 8 Preparation of microscope slides 8.1 Weighing and staining of
22、test portions Condition the sample in an open Petri dish for not less than4h near the balance. Take four test portions of10mg to20mg each weighed to the nearest0,1mg. Take about10mg when the sample contains fine fibres, for example from chemical hardwood pulps. For softwood pulp fibres, take about20
23、mg. These values apply when the area of the wire in the sheet mould is200cm 2 . If the area differs from this, the mass of the test portion should be changed proportionally. At the same time, take a separate portion of approximately5g, and determine its dry matter content as described in ISO638. Boi
24、l the test portions separately (for about1min) in a test tube with sodium hydroxide solution(5.2), filter, and wash with water on the glass filter funnel(6.3). Transfer the wet pad to a bottle(6.4). Add50ml of water and shake the bottle until the test portion is totally dispersed. Filter the suspens
25、ion again on the same glass filter. Transfer the fibre pad to a test tube. Add10ml of the staining reagent(5.1) and stain by boiling for1min to2min while stirring continuously with a glass rod (see note2). Pour the suspension back into the glass filter funnel and leave it there for about5min. Apply
26、suction, filter and wash the pad with water until the filtrate is colourless. Transfer the stained pad to the bottle(6.4) and rinse all the remaining fibres from the glass filter with a small amount of water into the same bottle. Shake the bottle until the stained pad is totally dispersed. NOTE 2Sta
27、ining by boiling in the test tube is not necessary if the colour of the fibres can be stained intensely at room temperature. In this case, staining can be performed in the glass filter funnel. 8.2 Sheet preparation Place a sheet of filter paper(6.5) on the wetted wire screen of a sheet-former(6.2).
28、Pour water into the stock container until it is half full. Pour and rinse all the stained fibres of the first test portion from the bottle into the stock container and fill it up to the mark with water. Stir and drain as described in the laboratory sheet forming procedure given in ISO5269-1. When th
29、e water has drained off, lift the stock container and close the drainage valve. Remove the wet sheet from the wire, place it on a blotter and protect it from dust and draught. Filter all four test portions in the same way. 9 Procedure Cut four to eight strips about10mm 70mm in size from each sheet.
30、Place a strip on a wetted microscope slide. The strip shall remain wet during the counting. Place the slide on the stage of the microscope. Move the stage in such a way that the centre mark of the eyepiece follows a line of known length, which shall be readable to the nearest0,1mm. Count each fibre
31、as it passes the centre mark following the instructions given in ISO9184-1:1990, subclause9.2. Repeat the procedure with further strips until not less than600fibres have been counted. Repeat the procedure with the remaining three sheets, which means counting at least2400 fibres. 10 Expression of res
32、ults 10.1 Calculation Calculate the fibre coarseness, l , in milligrams per metre, for each test portion separately, using the equation 2) Compare the fibre coarseness values obtained for the four test portions. If the minimum value exceeds85% of the maximum value, calculate the mean fibre coarsenes
33、s from the four results. If the minimum is less than85% of the maximum value, count new strips from the sheets for which extreme results were obtained. If the minimum value is still less than85% of the maximum value, discard the results and carry out the determination from the beginning. Report the
34、fibre coarseness in milligrams per metre to three significant figures. 2) The references cited in Annex A may be useful in this respect. where X is the dry matter content of the sample, expressed as a percentage by mass; l is the total length of the counting lines, in centimetres; m is the mass of t
35、he portion, in milligrams; A is the area of the filter paper(6.5) covered by the stained fibres, in square centimetres; n is the total number of fibres counted.BS7463-6:1995 BSI 10-1999 3 10.2 Precision For pulps of clearly defined whole fibres, the precision of the result depends both on the skills
36、 ofthe operator and on the number of fibres counted. Chemical softwood pulps with fibre coarseness from0,160mg/m to0,190mg/m have been analysed for the repeatability of this method at the Finnish Pulp and Paper Research Institute by several operators using one instrument. The difference between two
37、test results did not, in95% of cases, exceed the values given in the table below. Table 1 Repeatability values obtained intralaboratory, r w(Fibre coarseness range:0,160mg/m to0,190mg/m) 11 Test report The test report shall include the following particulars: a) reference to this part of ISO9184; b)
38、all the indications necessary for complete identification of the sample; c) the results; d) number of fibres counted; e) any unusual features observed in the course of the test; f) any operations not specified in this part of ISO9184 or regarded as optional, which might have affected the results. Nu
39、mber of fibres counted r w mg/m 2400 4800 10000 0,011 0,008 0,006BS7463-6:1995 4 BSI 10-1999 Annex A (informative) Bibliography 1 BACKMAN, A. Die Bestimmung des Zellstoffgehalts in Zeitungspapier. Finnish Paper and Timber J. 16 (1934):7, pp.302308;:8, pp. 392396 (Swed.; Ger.sum.). 2 BRADY, C.T., BER
40、ZINS, A. and CLARK, J. dA. A Rapid Simplified Method for Determining the Coarseness of Pulp. Tappi 39 (1956):1 pp.4043. 3 RANGER, A.E. A New Method for the Measurement of Fibre Weight Factors and the Fineness of Pulp. Paper Technol.2 (1961):2, T71T76.BS7463-6:1995 BSI 10-1999 List of references See
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