1、Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/Exchange China Standards Information Centre, 12 April 2004, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBRITISH STANDARD BS EN 1389:2003 Advanced technical ceramics Ceramic composites Physical properties Determination of density and apparent porosity The European Standard EN 1389:2003 has
2、 the status of a British Standard ICS 81.060.30 Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/Exchange China Standards Information Centre, 12 April 2004, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN 1389:2003 This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 11 February 200
3、4 BSI 11 February 2004 ISBN 0 580 43382 X National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN 1389:2003. It supersedes DD ENV 1389:1994 which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee RPI/13, Advanced technical ceram
4、ics, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under
5、the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct applic
6、ation. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; mon
7、itor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 9 and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was las
8、t issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Comments Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/Exchange China Standards Information Centre, 12 April 2004, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEUROPEANSTANDARD NORMEEUROPENNE EUROPISCHENORM EN1389 December2003 ICS81.060.30 SupersedesENV1389:1994 Englishversio
9、n AdvancedtechnicalceramicsCeramiccompositesPhysical propertiesDeterminationofdensityandapparentporosity CramiquestechniquesavancesCramiques compositesPropritsphysiquesDterminationdela massevolumiqueetdelaporositapparente HochleistungskeramikKeramischeVerbundwerkstoffe PhysikalischeEigenschaftenBest
10、immungderDichteund scheinbarenPorositt ThisEuropeanStandardwasapprovedbyCENon3November2003. CENmembersareboundtocomplywiththeCEN/CENELECInternalRegulationswhichstipulatetheconditionsforgivingthisEurope an Standardthestatusofanationalstandardwithoutanyalteration.Uptodatelistsandbibliographicalreferen
11、cesconcernings uchnational standardsmaybeobtainedonapplicationtotheManagementCentreortoanyCENmember. ThisEuropeanStandardexistsinthreeofficialversions(English,French,German).Aversioninanyotherlanguagemadebytra nslation undertheresponsibilityofaCENmemberintoitsownlanguageandnotifiedtotheManagementCen
12、trehasthesamestatusasthe official versions. CENmembersarethenationalstandardsbodiesofAustria,Belgium,CzechRepublic,Denmark,Finland,France,Germany,Greece, Hungary,Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Luxembourg,Malta,Netherlands,Norway,Portugal,Slovakia,Spain,Sweden,SwitzerlandandUn ited Kingdom. EUROPEANCOMMITTEEF
13、ORSTANDARDIZATION COMITEUROPENDENORMALISATION EUROPISCHESKOMITEEFRNORMUNG ManagementCentre:ruedeStassart,36B1050Brussels 2003CEN Allrightsofexploitationinanyformandbyanymeansreserved worldwideforCENnationalMembers. Ref.No.EN1389:2003E Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/Exchange China Standards Information
14、 Centre, 12 April 2004, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN1389:2003(E) 2 Contents Page Foreword. 3 1 Scope . 4 2 Normativereferences . 4 3 Termsanddefinitions. 4 4 Testspecimens . 5 4.1 General. 5 4.2 Sampling 5 4.3 Number. 5 4.4 Conditioningandtestingatmospheres 5 5 MethodA 5 5.1 Principle. 5 5.2 Apparat
15、us 5 5.3 Testspecimen . 5 5.4 Procedure 6 5.5 Results . 6 6 MethodB 6 6.1 Principle. 6 6.2 Apparatusandreagents . 6 6.3 Procedure 7 6.4 Determinationofthedensityoftheimmersionliquid. 8 6.5 Calculationofresults . 8 7 Testreport . 8 Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/Exchange China Standards Information Cen
16、tre, 12 April 2004, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN1389:2003(E) 3 Foreword Thisdocument(EN1389:2003)hasbeenpreparedbyTechnicalCommitteeCEN/TC184“Advancedtechnial ceramics”,thesecretariatofwhichisheldbyBSI. ThisEuropeanStandardshallbegiventhestatusofanationalstandard,eitherbypublicationofanidentical tex
17、torbyendorsement,atthelatestbyJune2004,andconflictingnationalstandardsshallbewithdrawnat thelatestbyJune2004. ThisdocumentsupersedesENV1389:1994. AccordingtotheCEN/CENELECInternalRegulations,thenationalstandardsorganizationsofthefollowing countriesareboundtoimplementthisEuropeanStandard:Austria,Belg
18、ium,CzechRepublic,Denmark, Finland,France,Germany,Greece,Hungary,Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Luxembourg,Malta,Netherlands, Norway,Portugal,Slovakia,Spain,Sweden,SwitzerlandandtheUnitedKingdom. Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/Exchange China Standards Information Centre, 12 April 2004, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) B
19、SIEN1389:2003(E) 4 1Scope ThisEuropeanStandarddescribestwomethodsfordeterminationofthebulkdensityandopenporosityof ceramicmatrixcompositeswithfibrousreinforcement. TwomethodsaredescribedandaredesignatedasMethodsAandB,asfollows: methodA:determinationofbulkdensityonlybymeasurementofdimensionsandmass;
20、methodB:determinationofbulkdensityandopenporositybyliquiddisplacement. NOTE MethodBisnotsuitableforthedeterminationoftheopenporosityformaterialswhichareknowntohavean averageporesizeofgreaterthan200m. 2 Normativereferences ThisEuropeanStandardincorporates,bydatedorundatedreference,provisionsfromother
21、publications. Thesenormativereferencesarecitedattheappropriateplacesinthetextandthepublicationsarelisted hereafter.Fordatedreferences,subsequentamendmentstoorrevisionsofanyofthesepublicationsapplyto thisEuropeanStandardonlywhenincorporatedinitbyamendmentorrevision.Forundatedreferencesthe latestediti
22、onofthepublicationreferredtoapplies(includingamendments). ENV13233:1998, AdvancedtechnicalceramicsCeramiccompositesNotationsandsymbols. ENISO291, PlasticsStandardatmospheresforconditioningandtesting(ISO291:1997). ENISO1675, PlasticsLiquidresinsDeterminationofdensitybythepyknometermethod(ISO1675:1985
23、) . ISO758, LiquidchemicalproductsforindustrialuseDeterminationofdensityat20C . ISO3611, Micrometercallipersforexternalmeasurement . 3 Termsanddefinitions ForthepurposesofthisEuropeanStandard,thetermsanddefinitionsgiveninENV13233:1998andthe followingapply. 3.1 openpores poresthatarepenetratedbyanimm
24、ersionliquidinvacuum,orthatareconnectedwiththeatmosphere,either directlyorviaonetoanother 3.2 closedpores poresthatarenotpenetratedbytheimmersionliquid,orthatarenotconnectedwiththeatmosphere 3.3 openporosity p a ratioofthetotalvolumeoftheopenporesinaporousbodytoitsbulkvolume 3.4 bulkvolume, V b sumo
25、fthevolumesofthesolidmaterial,theopenporesandtheclosedporesinaporousbody Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/Exchange China Standards Information Centre, 12 April 2004, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN1389:2003(E) 5 3.5 bulkdensity rr b ratioofthemassofthedrymaterialofaporousbodytoitsbulkvolume 4 Testspecimens
26、 4.1General Thechoiceofspecimengeometrydependsonthenatureofmaterialandreinforcementstructure.Themass ofthetestspecimenshallbegreaterthan2gandeachdimensionshallbegreaterthan3mm,withthe volumegreaterthan1cm 3 (see4.3). 4.2Sampling Thesamplingmethodshallbeagreedbetweenpurchaserandmanufacturer. 4.3Numbe
27、r Atleastfivetestspecimensshallbetakenfromeachsample. NOTE ParticularrequirementsforMethodAaregivenin5.3. 4.4Conditioningandtestingatmospheres ThetestspecimensshallbeconditionedinastandardtestingatmosphereinaccordancewithENISO291. Duringtesting,theapparatusandtestspecimensshallbemaintainedatconstant
28、temperature,preferablyat (232)Cand(505)%relativehumidity. 5Method A 5.1Principle Atestspecimenofuniformgeometryisdriedandweighed.Itsvolumeisdeterminedbymeasurementofthe appropriatedimensions.Thedensityiscalculatedasmassperunitvolume. 5.2Apparatus 5.2.1 Balance,withaccuracyof0,1mg. 5.2.2 Dimensionmea
29、suringdevices,usedformeasuringlineardimensionsofthetestspecimen.The devicesshallbeaccurateto 0,05mm.MicrometersshallbeinaccordancewithISO3611. 5.2.3 Dryingoven ,capableofmaintainingatemperatureof(1105)C. 5.2.4 Desiccator,forstorageoftestspecimens. 5.3Testspecimen Theshapeoftestspecimensshallbesuchth
30、atthevolumecanbecalculatedfromtheexternaldimensions, suchasrectangularparallelepipedsandrightcylinders,discsorrods.Testspecimenswhichdonothave uniformdimensionsandprincipalaxesorthogonaltowithin1shallbegroundtoachievesuchconditions. Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/Exchange China Standards Information C
31、entre, 12 April 2004, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN1389:2003(E) 6 Theplanparallelismofthefacesusedtodeterminetheexternaldimensionsshallbebetterthanorequalto 0,05. 5.4Procedure Drythetestspecimensintheovenat(1105)Ctoconstantmass,i.e.untiltwosuccessiveweighingsmade beforeandafteratleast2hinthedryingove
32、ndonotdifferbymorethan0,03%,transferthemtoadesiccator andallowtocooltoroomtemperature.Recordthemassofeachtestspecimeninambientair,assoonas possibleafterremovalfromthedesiccator. Usingtheselectedmeasuringdevice,measurethedimensionsofeachtestspecimeninatleastthree positionsforeachdirection.e.g.length,
33、widthandheightforparallelipipedaltestspecimenorlengthsand diameterforacylindricaltestspecimen.Thevalueofeachdimensionisthearithmeticmeanofthe3 measurements. 5.5Results Calculatethebulkvolumeofeachtestspecimenfromitsmeandimensions.Thebulkdensity r b isgivenby themassdividedbythevolume.Expresstheresul
34、tinkg.m 3 oring.cm 3 . b V m = r where m isthetestspecimenmass,expressedinkilogramoringram; V b isthebulkvolumeoftestspecimen,expressedincubicmetreorcubiccentimetre. Thevalueofbulkdensityisexpressedwithamaximumoftwosignificantdigits. 6Method B 6.1Principle Themassofthetestspecimenisdeterminedbyweigh
35、inginthefollowingconditions: (1) drytestspecimeninair; (2) testspecimenimmersedinaliquidwhichithasbeenimpregnatedundervacuum; (3) testspecimeninairwhilestillimpregnatedwiththeliquid. Fromthesevaluesitsbulkdensityandopenporosityaredeterminedbycalculation. 6.2Apparatusandreagents 6.2.1 Dryingoven ,cap
36、ableofmaintainingatemperatureof(1105)C. 6.2.2 Balance,withanaccuracyof0,1mg. 6.2.3 Degreasedmetalwire ,ofdiameternotmorethan0,15mmorcradle(glassorstainlesssteelwith holes),tocontaintestspecimenandabletobeeasilyimmersedintheliquid. Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/Exchange China Standards Information Cen
37、tre, 12 April 2004, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN1389:2003(E) 7 6.2.4 Evacuatingequipment,capableofreducingthepressuretoavaluelessthan2500Pa(25mbar) andameansofmeasuringthepressureused. 6.2.5 Thermometer,capableofmeasuringto0,1C. 6.2.6 Glassbeaker ,ofasizeallowingadequateclearanceofitswallsbythetests
38、pecimen. 6.2.7 Desiccator,forstorageoftestspecimens. 6.2.8 Manometer. 6.2.9 Absorbentclothortissuepaper. 6.2.10 Immersionliquid ,whichmaybeeither: a) colddistilledwater,containingadilutesolutionofasurfaceactiveagent(concentrationnotmore than0,01%); b) anorganicliquid,whichshallbeusedformaterialsthat
39、aresensitivetocontactwithwater. 6.3Procedure 6.3.1 Determinationofthemassofthedrytestspecimen Drythetestspecimenintheovenat(1105)Ctoconstantmass,afteratleast2hinthedryingoven. Beforeeachweighing,placethetestspecimeninthedesiccator,untilitiscooledtoroomtemperature,and weighitasquicklyaspossibleafterr
40、emovalfromthedesiccator.Themassthusdeterminedisthemassofthe drytestspecimen(m 1 ). 6.3.2 Determinationoftheapparentmassoftheimmersedtestspecimen Placethecooledanddriedtestspecimeninanairtightvessel.Sealthevesselandevacuateituntilapressure oflessthan2500Paisattained;maintainthisvacuumforatleast15min.
41、 Inordertoensurethatalltheairhasbeenremovedfromthetestspecimen,isolateordisconnectthevessel fromthevacuumpumpandusethemanometertocheckthatthepressuredoesnotrisebecauseofanyde gasingofthetestspecimen. Progressivelyintroducetheimmersionliquidinsuchawaythat,after3min,thetestspecimeniscoveredby about20m
42、mofliquid. Reconnectthevesseltothevacuumpump. Maintainthevacuumuntilpressurestabilityisobtainedtoensurecompletepenetrationofthetestspecimen bytheliquid. Suspendthetestspecimenbythethinwirefromtheloadpansuspensionpointofthebalance,perpendicular totheliquid,andweighitwhileitiscompletelyimmersedinaquan
43、tityoftheimmersionliquid,containedinthe beakerstandingonthebridge(ifused). Removebubblesfromthesurfaceofthetestspecimenandweigh.Removethetestspecimenfromthe suspensionwire,replacethewireintheliquidtothesamesuspensionlevelandweigh.Thedifference betweenthetwoweighingsistheapparentmassoftheimmersedtestspecimen(m 2 ).Determinethe temperatureoftheimmersionliquid,usingthethermometer. Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/Exchange China Standards Information Centre, 12 April 2004, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN1389:2003(E) 8 6.3.3 Determinationofthemassofthetestspecimenstillimpregnatedwithitsliquid Removethe
