1、| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 12785:2000 The Euro
2、pean Standard EN 12785:1999 has the status of a British Standard ICS 61.060 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Footwear Test methods for whole shoe Heel attachmentThis British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Sector Committee for Materials
3、 and Chemicals, was published under the authority of the Standards Committee and comes into effect on 15 May 2000 BSI 05-2000 ISBN 0 580 34281 6 BS EN 12785:2000 Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Comments National foreword This British Standard is the official English language versio
4、n of EN 12785:1999. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee TCI/69, Footwear and leather, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for ch
5、ange, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or
6、European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Find” facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the
7、necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page
8、, pages 2 to 7 and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed throughout this document indicates when the document was last issued.CEN European Committee for Standardization Comite Europe en de Normalisation Europa isches Komitee fu r Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Bru
9、ssels 2000 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 12785:2000 E EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 12785 NORME EUROPE ENNE EUROPA ISCHE NORM February 2000 ICS 61.060 English version Footwear Test methods for whole shoe Heel attachment Ch
10、aussures Me thodes dessai applicables a l a chaussure entie re Fixation du talon Schuhe Pru fverfahren fu r den ganzen Schuh Absatzbefestigung This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1 January 2000. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the c
11、onditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in th
12、ree official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of A
13、ustria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.Page 2 EN 12785:2000 BSI 05-2000 Foreword This European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/
14、TC 309, Footwear, the Secretariat of which is held by AENOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by August 2000, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by Aug
15、ust 2000. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, N
16、orway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Contents Page Foreword 2 1 Scope 3 2 Normative references 3 3 Definitions 3 4 Apparatus and material 3 5 Sampling and conditioning 4 6 Test method 5 7 Expression of results 6 8 Test report 7Page 3 EN 12785:2000 BSI 05-2000 NOTE Rod
17、G can be inserted through the hole drilled in chunky heels or removed and replaced by the clamp shown in Figure 2 for testing slender heels. Figure 1 Type 1 device for providing the connecting link between the tensile testing machine and the heel stem 1 Scope This standard specifies a method for the
18、 determination of the heel attachment of footwear. It applies to womans medium and high heeled footwear. This test method measures three related wear properties: the rigidity of the shoe backpart during normal walking; the amount of permanent deformation of the backpart caused by a fairly large forc
19、e applied to the heel in a backward direction; the force required to detach the heel. 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publi
20、cations are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated into it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies. EN 10002
21、-2, Metallic materials Tensile testing Part 2 Verification of the force measuring system of the tensile testing machines. EN 12222, Footwear Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing of footwear and components for footwear. 3 Definitions For the purposes of this standard the following defini
22、tions apply. 3.1 heel attachment strength the maximum force in newtons measured under these testing conditions required to detach the heel from the sole/insole assembly 3.2 rigidity back part deformation measured under these test conditions under a force of 200 N 3.3 permanent deformation the perman
23、ent set of the backpart measured under these test conditions at a force of 400 N 4 Apparatus and material The following apparatus and material shall be used. 4.1 Tensile machine The tensile-testing machine shall comply with the requirement of EN 10002-2 to an accuracy corresponding to grade B, with
24、a constant rate of traverse of 100 mm/min 10 mm/min. A low-inertia machine having autographic force recording facilities is essential. 4.2 Devices for attaching the shoe heel Devices for attaching the shoe heel near its tip to the upper clamp attachment of the tensile testing machine so that the hee
25、l can pivot freely during the test. Different designs are needed for chunky and slender heels as described below. 4.2.1 Device for chunky heels A suitable device is shown in Figure 1. The 6 mm diameter rod G is removable and may be inserted through a 6 mm or 7 mm diameter pre-drilled hole in the hee
26、l as shown in Figure 3. The block H at the opposite end of the device has a 13 mm diameter hole which enables it to be fitted directly to a tensile testing machine in place of the top clamp. Alternatively, where a tensile testing machine is being used which does not have removable clamps, the block
27、H would be replaced by a part which can be gripped in the machine clamps.Page 4 EN 12785:2000 BSI 05-2000 4.2.2 Clamp for slender heels The device shown in Figure 2 consists of a U-shaped part A which clamps against the front face of the heel (the heel breast), and parts B and C which clamp against
28、the curved back of the heel. The distance between parts B and A is adjustable to suit the heel tip dimensions, using the four screws D. Part C pivots in the two parts B, to allow for the tapering of most slender heels near their tip. The two screws E have pointed ends to dig into the heel and so pre
29、vent the clamp slipping. The clamp is 20 mm deep. At each end of part A are two spigots F of diameter 6 mm whose centres are 10 mm above the clamping face of part A and 10 mm from each edge. These spigots enable the clamp to be fitted into the connecting device shown in Figure 2 in place of rod G. 1
30、 Top piece NOTE This clamp may be fitted into the connecting link shown in Figure 1 in place of the removable rod G. Figure 2 Type 2 pivoting clamp for the stems of slender heels 4.3 Dividers Dividers which can be opened to measure a distance of about 100 mm. These are needed to measure the amount o
31、f movement of the heel tip during the test. 5 Sampling and conditioning For most purposes it is not necessary to condition the footwear in a controlled atmosphere before testing it. Cut off the shoe upper in the forepart level with the insole, so that the shoe bottom here is easier to fit into the c
32、lamping jaw of the tensile strength machine. Where the shoe upper construction includes a long stiffener in the waist region, make sure this is not cut. Leave the top piece, heel cover and heel breast flap, if used, intact. Should the shoe not have a top piece attached, it can still be tested. In th
33、e case of chunky heels, which are too large to be fitted into a type 2 clamp, drill a 6 mm or 7 mm diameter hole in the position shown in Figure 3 parallel to the heel breast and the heel/top piece interface, so that its centre is 10 mm from the heel breast and 10 mm above the heel/top piece interfa
34、ce. It is best to drill this hole from both sides inwards, as this increases its positional accuracy. Minimum three test pieces are necessary. 1 Heel breast 2 6 or 7 mm hole 3 Top piece Figure 3 Horizontal hole drilled through a chunky heel for insertion of rod G (Figure 1) To fix the clamp for slen
35、der heels (Figure 2) to the shoe heel proceed as follows. Retract the two screws E until their tips do not protrude through part C. Unscrew the four screws D until there is sufficient space between parts A and C to insert the heel stem. Position the heel so that its forward face is in contact with p
36、art A and the interface of heel and top piece is in line with the edge of part A (see Figure 2). However, where this forward face is markedly curved, it is often better first to grind away some of the plastic near the top of the heel where it sits at the top part of the clamp. Tighten the four screw
37、s evenly until part C pivots to fit the back of the heel. Sometimes it is also better to grind away some of the back curve of the heel first so as to reduce the amount part C needs to be pivoted to fit it. This reduces the risk that the clamp might slip during the test when attached to a markedly ta
38、pering heel tip. Tighten the two screws E until their tips dig into the heel sufficiently to prevent the clamp being pulled off. The clamp will now be fixed to the heel as shown in Figure 2.Page 5 EN 12785:2000 BSI 05-2000 6 Test method 6.1 Principle The basis of the test is that the forepart of the
39、 shoe is clamped in one jaw of a tensile testing machine. The heel, near the top piece, is attached in a specified manner to the other jaw of the machine and pulled backwards from the forepart at a specified rate of jaw separation. A general purpose laboratory tensile testing machine with suitable a
40、ttachments may be used. The following three quantities are measured: a) the amount of movement of the tip of the heel relative to the forepart at a force of 200 N; NOTE 200 N is two or three times larger than the backward force which is applied to the heel during normal walking but the amount of def
41、ormation it produces in the test is believed to be a valid way of distinguishing between those shoes which have adequate backpart rigidity in wear and those which do not. b) the amount of permanent deformation produced by a force of 400 N; c) the force required to detach the heel completely. The mod
42、e of failure is also noted. 6.2 Procedure Fit the device shown in Figure 1 in place of the top clamp of the tensile testing machine or, where this cannot be done, clamp block H or its equivalent in this clamp. If necessary reset the force reading to zero, to allow for the mass of the device or for a
43、ny difference in mass between the device and the clamp. In the case of a shoe with a chunky heel which has been pre-drilled, as described under “Preparation of the shoe for test”, partially withdraw rod G (Figure 1) and insert it through the heel and then through the second bar J. Chunky heels fixed
44、 to the device in this way are shown in Figures 4 and 5. Wherever possible fix the shoe so that the shoe bottom faces towards the operator. In the case of a shoe with a slender heel which has had the type 2 clamp shown in Figure 2 attached to it, remove rod G from the connecting device and insert th
45、e clamp in its place as shown in Figure 6. Clamp the forepart of the shoe in the lower clamp of the tensile testing machine so that the shoe bottom faces outwards, the longitudinal axis of the shoe backpart coincides with the axis of the testing machine as viewed from the front, and the edge of the
46、clamp grips the forepart a little forward of the end of the shank (see Figure 5). (Note that the forepart will not be gripped centrally relative to its clamping jaw.) Check that the clamping operation has not produced any tension or compression in the load measuring system. If it has, move the cross
47、-head just sufficiently to eliminate this. 1 Upper clamp attachment of tensile testing machine 2 Backpart of upper left on 3 Cut to remove upper in forepart 4 Lower clamp of tester Figure 4 Side view of shoe with chunky heel clamped in a tensile testing machine using the link shown in Figure 1Page 6
48、 EN 12785:2000 BSI 05-2000 1 Upper clamp attachment of tensile testing machine 2 Centre line of backpart 3 Lower clamp of tester NOTE This figure shows how the centre line of the backpart is aligned with the centre line of the machine. The points X and Y for measuring heel deformation are marked. Fi
49、gure 5 Front view of shoe bottom with chunky heel attached clamped in a tensile testing machine using the link shown in Figure 1 Draw a line on the shoe bottom parallel to and a few millimetres away from the rear (top) edge of the forepart clamp. Mark the centre point of the line, i.e., the point where the longitudinal axis of the tensile testing machine crosses it. This is point X in Figure 5. Using pointed dividers measure and record the distance between this point on the sole and the centre of the lower front e
