1、BSI Standards PublicationGRAFCET specification language for sequential function chartsBS EN 60848:2013National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 60848:2013. It is identical to IEC 60848:2013. It supersedes BS EN 60848:2002, which will be withdrawn on 3 April 2016.The UK pa
2、rticipation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee GEL/3, Documentation and graphical symbols.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Us
3、ers are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2013.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2013ISBN 978 0 580 74570 6 ICS 01.100.25; 35.060Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the au
4、thority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 July 2013.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affectedBRITISH STANDARDBS EN 60848:2013EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 60848 NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM June 2013 CENELEC European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
5、Comit Europen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europisches Komitee fr Elektrotechnische Normung Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B - 1000 Brussels 2013 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members. Ref. No. EN 60848:2013 E ICS 29.020 S
6、upersedes EN 60848:2002 English version GRAFCET specification language for sequential function charts (IEC 60848:2013) Langage de spcification GRAFCET pour diagrammes fonctionnels en squence (CEI 60848:2013) GRAFCET, Spezifikationssprache fr Funktionsplne der Ablaufsteuerung (IEC 60848:2013) This Eu
7、ropean Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2013-04-03. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical referen
8、ces concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CENELEC member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a C
9、ENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugos
10、lav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. BS EN 60848:2013EN 60848:2013 - 2 - Foreword
11、The text of document 3/1135/FDIS, future edition 3 of IEC 60848, prepared by SC 3B “Documentation” of IEC/TC 3 “Information structures, documentation and graphical symbols“ was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and approved by CENELEC as EN 60848:2013. The following dates are fixed: latest
12、date by which the document has to be implemented at national level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2014-01-03 latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the document have to be withdrawn (dow) 2016-04-03 This document supersedes EN 60848:200
13、2. EN 60848:2013 includes the following significant technical changes with respect to EN 60848:2002: This edition constitutes a global technical revision with the extended definition of the concept of variables introducing: internal variable, input variable and output variable. Attention is drawn to
14、 the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CENELEC and/or CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Endorsement notice The text of the International Standard IEC 60848:2013 was approved by CENELEC as a Europ
15、ean Standard without any modification. In the official version, for Bibliography, the following note has to be added for the standard indicated: IEC 61131-3:2003 NOTE Harmonised as EN 61131-3:2003 (not modified). BS EN 60848:2013 2 60848 IEC:2013 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION . 7 1 Scope . 8 2 Normative ref
16、erences 8 3 Terms and definitions . 8 3.1 Terms in the GRAFCET . 8 3.2 Terms, general purpose . 10 4 General principles . 10 4.1 Context 10 4.2 GRAFCET, a behaviour specification language 11 4.3 GRAFCET, short presentation 12 4.3.1 General . 12 4.3.2 Structure 12 4.3.3 Elements for interpretation .
17、12 4.4 Syntax rule 13 4.5 Evolution rules . 14 4.5.1 General . 14 4.5.2 Initial situation . 14 4.5.3 Clearing of a transition . 14 4.5.4 Evolution of active steps 14 4.5.5 Simultaneous evolutions 14 4.5.6 Simultaneous activation and deactivation of a step . 14 4.6 Input events . 14 4.6.1 General . 1
18、4 4.6.2 Input events specification . 15 4.7 Internal events . 15 4.7.1 General . 15 4.7.2 Internal events described by the step activation 15 4.7.3 Internal events described by the deactivation of a step . 15 4.7.4 Internal events described by the clearing of a transition 15 4.8 Output modes 16 4.8.
19、1 General . 16 4.8.2 Continuous mode (assignation on state) . 16 4.8.3 Stored mode (allocation on event) 16 4.9 Application of the evolution rules 16 4.9.1 General . 16 4.9.2 Non transient evolution 17 4.9.3 Transient evolution 17 4.9.4 Consequence of a transient evolution on the assignations 17 4.9
20、.5 Consequence of a transient evolution on the allocations . 18 4.10 Comparison between the two output modes . 18 4.10.1 General . 18 4.10.2 Determination of the value of the outputs . 19 4.10.3 Analysis of the value of the outputs for a grafcet chart at a defined instant . 19 4.10.4 Actions relativ
21、e to transient evolution . 19 4.10.5 Possible conflict on the value of the outputs . 19 BS EN 60848:201360848 IEC:2013 3 5 Graphical representation of the elements 19 6 Graphical representation of sequential structures 32 6.1 General . 32 6.2 Basic structures . 32 6.2.1 Sequence 32 6.2.2 Cycle of a
22、single sequence. 32 6.2.3 Selection of sequences 33 6.2.4 Step skip . 33 6.2.5 Backward sequence skip 34 6.2.6 Activation of parallel sequences . 34 6.2.7 Synchronization of sequences 34 6.2.8 Synchronization and activation of parallel sequences 35 6.3 Particular structures. 36 6.3.1 Starting of a s
23、equence by a source step . 36 6.3.2 End of a sequence by a pit step . 36 6.3.3 Starting of a sequence with a source transition . 37 6.3.4 End of a sequence by a pit transition 38 7 Structuring 38 7.1 General . 38 7.2 Partition of a grafcet chart 38 7.2.1 Connected grafcet chart . 38 7.2.2 Partial gr
24、afcet 39 7.3 Structuring using the forcing of a partial grafcet chart . 40 7.4 Structuring using the enclosure 41 7.5 Structuring using the macro-steps 43 Annex A (informative) Example of the control of a press . 45 Annex B (informative) Example: Automatic weighing-mixing 46 Annex C (informative) Re
25、lations between GRAFCET of IEC 60848 and the SFC of IEC 61131-3 52 Bibliography 54 Figure 1 Graphical representation of the sequential part of a system . 11 Figure 2 Structure and interpretation elements used in a grafcet chart to describe the behaviour of a sequential part of the system defined by
26、its input and output variables 13 Figure 3 Example of grafcet with enclosures (including description) 43 Figure A.1 Representation of the working press using a grafcet 45 Figure B.1 Overview diagram of weighing-mixing system 46 Figure B.2 Grafcet of a weighing-mixing involving only continuous action
27、s 47 Figure B.3 Grafcet of the weighing-mixing, involving continuous and stored actions . 48 Figure B.4 Grafcet of the weighing-mixing, divided into a global description using macro-steps and a description detailed by the macro-step expansions . 49 Figure B.5 Structuring with operating modes using f
28、orcing orders . 50 Figure B.6 Structuring with operating modes using enclosing step . 51 Table 1 Steps . 20 Table 2 Transitions . 21 Table 3 Directed links . 22 BS EN 60848:2013 4 60848 IEC:2013 Table 4 Associated transition-conditions . 23 Table 5 Continuous actions 27 Table 6 Stored actions . 30 T
29、able 7 Comments associated with elements of a grafcet chart 31 Table 8 Partial grafcet chart . 39 Table 9 Forcing of a partial grafcet chart 40 Table 10 Enclosing steps 41 Table 11 Macro-steps . 44 BS EN 60848:201360848 IEC:2013 7 INTRODUCTION This International Standard is mainly aimed at people su
30、ch as design engineers, maintenance engineers, etc., who need to specify the behaviour of a system, e.g. the control and command of an automation system, safety component, etc. This specification language should also serve as a communication means between designers and users of automated systems. BS
31、 EN 60848:2013 8 60848 IEC:2013 GRAFCET SPECIFICATION LANGUAGE FOR SEQUENTIAL FUNCTION CHARTS 1 Scope This International Standard defines the GRAFCET1specification language for the functional description of the behaviour of the sequential part of a control system. This standard specifies the symbols
32、 and rules for the graphical representation of this language, as well as for its interpretation. This standard has been prepared for automated production systems of industrial applications. However, no particular area of application is excluded. Methods of development of a specification that makes u
33、se of GRAFCET are beyond the scope of this standard. One method is for example the “SFC language“ specified in IEC 61131-3, which defines a set of programming languages for programmable controllers. NOTE See Annex C for further information on the relations between IEC 60848 and implementation langua
34、ges such as the SFC of IEC 61131-3. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the refe
35、renced document (including any amendments) applies. (void) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. NOTE The definitions of the terms in 3.1 apply only in the context of the GRAFCET specification language. 3.1 Terms in the GRAFCET 3.1.1 ac
36、tion GRAFCET language element associated with a step, indicating an activity to be performed on output or internal variables 3.1.2 directed link GRAFCET language element indicating the evolution paths between steps by connecting steps to transitions and transitions to steps 3.1.3 grafcet chart funct
37、ion chart using the GRAFCET specification language _ 1GRAFCET: GRAphe Fonctionnel de Commande Etape Transition. BS EN 60848:201360848 IEC:2013 9 Note 1 to entry: The “grafcet chart” can, in short form, be called “grafcet”. 3.1.4 input event event characterized by the change of at least one value of
38、all input variables of the sequential part of the system 3.1.5 internal event event characterized by an input event associated with the situation of the sequential part of the system 3.1.6 interpretation part of the GRAFCET specification language enabling the linkage of: the input variables and the
39、structure, by the means of the transition-condition; and the output variables and the structure, by the means of the actions 3.1.7 situation state of the system described by the GRAFCET specification language and characterized by the active steps at a given instant 3.1.8 step GRAFCET language elemen
40、t used for the definition of the state of the sequential part of the system Note 1 to entry: A step can be active or inactive. Note 2 to entry: The set of active steps represents the situation of the system. 3.1.9 transient evolution evolution characterized by the clearing of several successive tran
41、sitions on the occurrence of a single input event 3.1.10 transition GRAFCET language element indicating a possible evolution of the activity between two or more steps Note 1 to entry: The possible evolution is realised by clearing the transition. 3.1.11 transition-condition GRAFCET language element
42、associated with a transition indicating the result of a boolean expression Note 1 to entry: The transition-condition can be either true or false. 3.1.12 variable scalar quantity defined by its name and Boolean, numeric value 3.1.13 input variable variable which may influence the behaviour described
43、by the grafcet chart BS EN 60848:2013 10 60848 IEC:2013 EXAMPLE Boolean variable indicating the violation of a temperature limit. Note 1 to entry: The variable may belong to the environment or to some other system component. 3.1.14 output variable variable which may be influenced by the behaviour de
44、scribed by the grafcet chart EXAMPLE Setpoint of a PID-controller. Note 1 to entry: The variable may belong to the environment or to some other system component. 3.1.15 internal variable variable used inside the grafcet chart and invisible for other system components and the environment EXAMPLES Ste
45、p variable X* (symbol 2.1 of Table 1), step duration T* (symbol 2.2 of Table 1), loop counter within a grafcet chart. 3.2 Terms, general purpose 3.2.1 chart graph graphical presentation describing the behaviour of a system, for example the relations between two or more variable quantities, operation
46、s or states 3.2.2 structure part of the GRAFCET specification language enabling the description of the possible evolution between situations 3.2.3 system set of interrelated elements considered in a defined context as a whole and separated from their environment Note 1 to entry: Such elements may be
47、 material objects and concepts as well as their results (e.g. forms of organisation, mathematical methods, programming languages). Note 2 to entry: The system is considered to be separated from the environment and from the other external systems by an imaginary surface, which cuts the links between
48、them and the system. Note 3 to entry: The language GRAFCET can be used to describe the logical behaviour of any kind of system. SOURCE: IEC 60050-351:1998, 351-11-01 4 General principles 4.1 Context The implementation of an automated system requires, in particular, a description relating cause and e
49、ffect. To do this, the logical aspect of the desired behaviour of the system will be described. The sequential part of the system is the logical aspect of this physical system (see Figure 1). The behaviour indicates the way in which the output variables depend on the input variables. The object of the grafcet chart is to specify the behaviour of the sequential part of the systems. BS EN 60848:201360848 IEC:2013 11 Environment System Sequential part of the system No
