1、BRITISH STANDARDBS EN ISO 2814:2006 BS 3900-D4:2006Paints and varnishes Comparison of contrast ratio (hiding power) of paints of the same type and colourThe European Standard EN ISO 2814:2006 has the status of a British StandardICS 87.040g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g4
2、4g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58BS EN ISO 2814:2006This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 January 2007 BSI 2007ISBN 978 0 58
3、0 50069 5National forewordThis British Standard was published by BSI. It is the UK implementation of EN ISO 2814:2006. It is identical with ISO 2814:1973. It supersedes BS 3900-D4:1974 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee STI/10, Test method
4、s for paints.A list of organizations represented on STI/10 can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity
5、from legal obligations.Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date CommentsEUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN ISO 2814February 2006ICS 87.040English VersionPaints and varnishes - Comparison of contrast ratio (hidingpower) of paints of the same type and colour (ISO 2814:1973)Peint
6、ures et vernis - Comparaison du rapport de contraste(pouvoir masquant) des peintures de mme type et demme couleur (ISO 2814:1973)Beschichtungstoffe - Vergliech des Kontrastverhltnisses(Deckvermgens) von Beschichtungen des gleichen Typsund der gleichen Farbe (ISO 2814:1973)This European Standard was
7、approved by CEN on 16 January 2006.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such natio
8、nalstandards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notifi
9、ed to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands,
10、 Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania,Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2006 CEN All rights of exploitation in any for
11、m and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN ISO 2814:2006: EForeword The text of ISO 2814:1973 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 35 “Paints and varnishes” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 2814:20
12、06 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 139 “Paints and varnishes“, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by August 2006, and conflicting national standard
13、s shall be withdrawn at the latest by August 2006. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, G
14、reece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 2814:1973 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 2814:2006 without any modi
15、fications. EN ISO 2814:2006- INTERNATIONAL STANDARD INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION l MEXAYHAPOQHAJI OPI-AHM3AWfl II0 CTAHAPTM3ALWiMORGANISATION INTERNATIONALE DE NORMALISATION Paints and varnishes - Comparison of contrast ratio (hiding power) of paints of the same type and colour Fir
16、st edition - 1973-12-15 UDC 667.657.1 Descriptors : paints, tests, coatings, covering power. Ref. No. IS0 2814-1973 (E) Price based on 2 pages EN ISO 2814:2006blankPaints and varnishes - Comparison of contrast ratio (hiding power) of paints of the same type and colour 0 INTRODUCTION This Internation
17、al Standard is one of a series dealing with the sampling and testing of paints, varnishes and related products. It should be read in conjunction with IS0 1512, Paints and varnishes - Sampling, and IS0 15 13, Paints and varnishes - Examination and preparation of samples for testing. The method specif
18、ied in this International Standard has been worked out after careful study by an IS0 Task Group. The method, comparison of contrast ratio of films drawn down on a black and white substrate at aqua! wet film thickness, is the simpiest of those investigated and has been found to give a reproducible co
19、mparison for paints of similar type. Because different operators using the same film coating device obtain films differing significantly in thickness, probably due to variation in pressure on the applicator, the method is not satisfactory as an absolute method for the determination of hiding power a
20、nd the development of an International Standard for this is still in progress. The objective of this work was to standardize a method relating closely to practical application. For this reason the wet film thickness (or spreading rate) has been specified rather than the dry film thickness or mass. T
21、he wet film thickness selected, approximately 50 pm, corresponds to a spreading rate of approximately 20 m2/l; for most paints this represents an average for brush application of a free-flowing paint on a smooth, non-porous surface. 1 SCOPE AND FIELD OF APPLICATION This International Standard specif
22、ies the standard method to be used in comparing the contrast ratios given by paint films of white or light colours, of reflectance factor greater than 40 %, dried at normal air temperatures and applied at approximately equal wet film thickness to black and white substrates. IS0 .*.) specifies a meth
23、od for determining the hiding p!wer (contrast ratio) of a paint. 2 APPARATUS 2.1 Substrate One of the following substrates shall be chosen : I) In preparation. 2.1.1 Cards, measuring at least 100 mm X 200 mm, thickness 0,2 to 0,35 mm, printed and varnished to give adjacent black and white areas read
24、ily wetted by, but impervious to, solvent- or water-thinned paints. The black and white areas shal I each be of a minimum 80 mm X 80 mm size. The reflectance of the white areas of the card shall not be less than 75 % no more than 85 % and that of the black areas shall not be more than 5 %. The refle
25、ctance of white areas of the cards in comparative tests shall not vary by more than + 1 % from the mean NOTE - Morest Chart, Form OP7, has been found suitable, but other cards, which satisfy the above requirements, may be used also. In any series of comparative tests, including cards from the same p
26、rinting shall be used. interlaboratory tests, 2.1.2 Clear transparent polyester film, at least 100 mm X 200 mm and approximately 50 ,um thick, used over black and white glass plates. The reflectance of the white plate shall not be less than 84 % nor more than 86 %, and that of the black plate shall
27、not be more than 5 %. 2.2 Film applicator A block applicator of rectangular shape, having a slot at least 70 mm wide ground from the underface to form a gap 100 +_ 2 pm deep when the applicator is placed on an optically plane surface. The dimensions of the flat portion of the slot from front to back
28、 of the applicator block should be not less than 5 mm. By agreement, applicators with gaps other than 100 pm may be used. 2.3 Reflectometer A photoelectric instrument giving an indicated reading proportional to the intensity of light diffusely reflected from the surface under test, within an accurac
29、y of 1 %, and having a spectral response approximating to the CIE photopic luminous efficiency function weighted for C.I.E. Illuminant C or D 65.2) 3 PREPARATION OF SAMPLE Representative samples of the products to be compared shall be taken, as specified in IS0 1512. The samples shall be prepared fo
30、r testing as specified in IS0 1513. 2) See Commission lnternationale de liclairage, CIE Compte Rendu 1963. EN ISO 2814:2006IS0 2814-1973(E) 4 PROCEDURE 4.1 Preparation of substrate 4.1 .I Cards The black and white substrate cards shall be stored, in single thickness, under the conditions of testing,
31、 23 _+ 2 “C and 50 + 5 % relative humidity, for at least 24 h before coating and shall be handled at all times by the edges to avoid finger-marks on the areas to be coated. The card shall be prepared for coating either. : a) by fixing one end, b y clips or adhesive tape, to a flat glass pl ate at le
32、ast 6mm thick; or b) by using a vacuum suction plate which shall be flat to within + 2 pm. 4.1.2 Pot yester film The polyester film shall be prepared for coating bf/ spreading it on a flat glass plate at least 6 mm thick, which has first been moistened with a few drops of white spirit, just sufficie
33、nt to hold the film by surface tension. Care must be taken that none of the liquid wets the upper surface of the film and that no air bubbles are trapped under the film. 4.2 Preparation of test films Immediately before application, mix the paint thoroughly by vigorous stirring to break down any thix
34、otropic structure, taking care not to incorporate air bubbles. Apply about 2 ml of paint in a line across one end of the card or polyester film and spread immediately by drawing down with the applicator block. Maintain a firm pressure on the block which shall be moved smoothly, at a velocity of abou
35、t 100 mm/s. Maintain the coated card or polyester film horizontally, while the paint dries, preferably by taping the edges to a flat surface. Prepare at least three drawdowns from each test paint. 4.3 Conditioning of test films Keep the test films at 23 * 2 “C and 50 + 5 % relative humidity for at l
36、east 16 h and not more than 168 h before the reflectance measurements are made. 4.4 Measurement of reflectance After conditioning, coated cards are ready for reflectance measurements. Fix coated polyester film in turn over black and white glass plates, introducing a few drops of white spirit between
37、 the underside of the film and the glass to eliminate the air film and ensure optical contact. Measure the reflectance of the test films at a minimum of four positions over the black and white substrates for each coated card or film and calculate the average reflectances R, and Rw. 5 EXPRESSION OF R
38、ESULTS Calculate the contrast ratio as a percentage for each coated card or film from the average reflectances over the black areas or the black substrate (RB) and over the white areas or the white substrate (R,) from the formula RB Contrast ratio =-x 100 RW Calculate the mean contrast ratio as a pe
39、rcentage for each paint as the mean of the contrast ratios of three coated cards or films. 6 REPEATABILITY AND REPRODUCIBILITY The following values are valid only for white paints and paints which are slightly coloured : 6.1 Repeatability The difference between the mean contrast ratios for each of t
40、hree cards or films prepared by the same operator using the same paint, at the same time and measured with the same apparatus, shall at the 95 % confidence level, not exceed 1 unit. 6.2 Reproducibility (for one paint) The difference between the mean contrast ratios for the same paint, obtained by di
41、fferent operators in different laboratories, shall, at the 95 % confidence level, not exceed 8 units. 6.3 Reproducibility (for two paints) The difference between the mean contrast ratios of two paints, determined by two operators in different laboratories, shall, at the 95 % confidence level, not di
42、ffer by more than 3 units. NOTE - If the difference in contrast ratio of two paints in laboratory A is 10 units then the difference in contrast ratio of the two paints in laboratory B may be 7 to 13 units. 7 TEST REPORT The test report shall include the following particulars : a) a reference to this
43、 International Standard or a corresponding national standard; b) whether a black and white card or a polyester film has been used; c) type and identification of the paints tested; d) the mean contrast ratios determined on each paint, and the number and range of replicate results; e) any deviation, b
44、y agreement or otherwise, from the test procedure specified and the application gap used, if other than 100 pm; f) the date of the test. EN ISO 2814:2006blankBS EN ISO 2814:2006 BS 3900-4:2006BSI389 Chiswick High RoadLondonW4 4ALBSI British Standards InstitutionBSI is the independent national body r
45、esponsible for preparing British Standards. It presents the UK view on standards in Europe and at the international level. It is incorporated by Royal Charter.RevisionsBritish Standards are updated by amendment or revision. Users of British Standards should make sure that they possess the latest ame
46、ndments or editions.It is the constant aim of BSI to improve the quality of our products and services. We would be grateful if anyone finding an inaccuracy or ambiguity while using this British Standard would inform the Secretary of the technical committee responsible, the identity of which can be f
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