1、 g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58resistanceICS 85.060Paper and board Testing of cores Part 9: Determination of flat crush BRITISH ST
2、ANDARDBS ISO 11093-9:2006BS ISO 11093-9:2006This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 November 2006 BSI 2006ISBN 0 580 49574 4Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date Commentscontract. Users are responsible for its correct ap
3、plication.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.National forewordThis British Standard was published by BSI. It is the UK implementation of ISO 11093-9:2006. It supersedes BS ISO 11093-9:1994 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was en
4、trusted to Technical Committee PAI/11, Methods of test for paper, board and pulps.A list of organizations represented on PAI/11 can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a Reference numberISO 11093-9:2006(E)INTERNATIONAL
5、STANDARD ISO11093-9Second edition2006-10-01Paper and board Testing of cores Part 9: Determination of flat crush resistance Papier et carton Essais des mandrins Partie 9: Dtermination de la rsistance lcrasement plat BS ISO 11093-9:2006ii iiiContents Page Foreword iv 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references
6、 . 1 3 Terms and definitions. 1 4 Principle. 1 5 Apparatus 2 6 Preparation 2 7 Procedure 3 8 Calculation. 3 9 Test report . 4 BS ISO 11093-9:2006iv Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work o
7、f preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmenta
8、l, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main
9、 task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Atte
10、ntion is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 11093-9 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 6, Papers, board and pulps. This second edition ca
11、ncels and replaces the first edition (ISO 11093-9:1994), which has been technically revised. ISO 11093 consists of the following parts, under the general title Paper and board Testing of cores: Part 1: Sampling Part 2: Conditioning of test samples Part 3: Determination of moisture content using the
12、oven drying method Part 4: Measurement of dimensions Part 5: Determination of characteristics of concentric rotation Part 6: Determination of bending strength by the three-point method Part 7: Determination of flexural modulus by the three-point method Part 8: Determination of natural frequency and
13、flexural modulus by experimental modal analysis Part 9: Determination of flat crush resistance BS ISO 11093-9:20061Paper and board Testing of cores Part 9: Determination of flat crush resistance 1 Scope This part of ISO 11093 specifies a method for the determination of the maximum flat crush resista
14、nce of wound paper and board cores. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments)
15、 applies. ISO 7500-1, Metallic materials Verification of static uniaxial testing machines Part 1: Tension/compression testing machines Verification and calibration of the force-measuring system ISO 11093-1, Paper and board Testing of cores Part 1: Sampling ISO 11093-2, Paper and board Testing of cor
16、es Part 2: Conditioning of test samples 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 flat crush resistance quantity calculated from the load acting at right angles to the axis of the test piece at the first maximum or levelling off of the
17、crushing force of the load deformation curve NOTE The flat crush resistance is expressed in kilonewtons per metre. 4 Principle The test piece is placed between two pressure plates arranged in parallel, so that its axis is parallel with the plane of the pressure plates and compressed at a constant pl
18、ate rate until the first maximum, or levelling, of the load has been exceeded. BS ISO 11093-9:20062 5 Apparatus 5.1 Compression testing machine, which shall be calibrated and verified to conform to the requirements of ISO 7500-1. The compression testing machine shall be equipped with flat upper and
19、lower platens held rigidly parallel during testing, permitting movement in a vertical direction only. The speed of the moving platen is the actual rate of travel of the platen while under the load. The force measurement shall have an accuracy of 1 % of the smallest crushing load measured. The switch
20、-off limit for the crushing force F for a testing machine with an automatic break detection is defined by 30 N, or 3 % from the true value. The testing machine shall be able to carry out the test so that the plates remain parallel in a range of 2 . 5.2 Cutting device for making test pieces, capable
21、of producing a cut at 90 1 to the axis of the core. The device shall give a clean cut without feathering and shall not cause deformation of the test piece. To come in line with daily practice and to make the sampling procedure and preparation of test pieces more precise and valid, a circular saw sho
22、uld be used. 6 Preparation 6.1 Sampling Sampling shall be carried out in accordance with ISO 11093-1. 6.2 Number of test pieces One test piece shall be taken from each specimen, at least 100 mm from the core ends, using the cutting device (5.2). 6.3 Size of test piece Test pieces cut from cores of n
23、ominal internal diameter u 300 mm shall be (100 1,5) mm long at all points. Test pieces cut from cores of nominal internal diameter 300 mm shall be (300 1,5) mm long at all points. 6.4 Conditioning The test pieces shall be conditioned in accordance with ISO 11093-2. BS ISO 11093-9:200637 Procedure T
24、esting shall be carried out in a standard atmosphere identical to that used for conditioning the test pieces (see 6.4). Place the test piece centrally between the pressure platens, so that its longitudinal axis is parallel to the platens. Crushing shall be accomplished by evenly moving one platen to
25、wards the other, or both platens in opposite directions towards each other, at a constant relative rate between 50 mm/min and 65 mm/min. Subject the test piece to a load until the first maximum of the flat crush resistance is markedly exceeded, unless otherwise specified (for example, when determini
26、ng the flat crush resistance for a specified crushing path). To make results comparable, all calculated results have to be converted to kilonewtons per metre (kN/m), regardless of the nominal internal diameter of the core (see 6.3). Repeat this procedure for the remaining test pieces. 8 Calculation
27、8.1 Calculate the flat crush resistance X1of a test piece, expressed in kilonewtons per metre (kN/m), with a nominal internal diameter of u 300 mm according to Equation (1): 1101 000yX= (1) where y is the measured force, in newtons (N) per (100 1,5) mm length of the test piece. 8.2 Calculate the fla
28、t crush resistance X2of a test piece, expressed in kilonewtons per metre (kN/m), with a nominal internal diameter of 300 mm according to Equation (2): 21 000300 1 000yX=(2) where y is the measured force, in newtons (N) per (300 1,5) mm length of the test piece. BS ISO 11093-9:20064 9 Test report The
29、 test report shall include the following information: a) a reference to this part of ISO 11093; b) type and designation of the cores tested; c) date and place of sampling; d) date and place of testing, name and signature of tester; e) length and number of test pieces tested; f) individual values and
30、 mean (rounded to 1 %) of the flat crush resistance, in kilonewtons per metre length of core; g) any departure from the procedure specified in this part of ISO 11093 and any circumstances that may have affected the results. BS ISO 11093-9:2006blankBS ISO BSI389 Chiswick High RoadLondonW4 4AL11093-9:
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