1、BSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06Tyres Electrical resistance Test method for measuring electrical resistance of tyres on a test rigBS ISO 16392:2017 ISO 2017Tyres Electrical resistance Test method for measuring electrical resistance of tyres on a test
2、rigPneumatiques Rsistance lectrique Mthode dessai pour mesurer la rsistance lectrique des pneumatiques sur une installation dessaiINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO16392Second edition2017-06Reference numberISO 16392:2017(E)National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 16392:2017. It
3、supersedes BS ISO 16392:2007 , which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee AUE/4, Tyres and wheels for motor vehicles.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purpor
4、t to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2017 Published by BSI Standards Limited 2017ISBN 978 0 580 92672 3ICS 83.160.01Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligation
5、s. This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 June 2017.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affectedBRITISH STANDARDBS ISO 16392:2017 ISO 2017Tyres Electrical resistance Test method for measuring electrical resista
6、nce of tyres on a test rigPneumatiques Rsistance lectrique Mthode dessai pour mesurer la rsistance lectrique des pneumatiques sur une installation dessaiINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO16392Second edition2017-06Reference numberISO 16392:2017(E)BS ISO 16392:2017ISO 16392:2017(E)ii ISO 2017 All rights reserv
7、edCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2017, Published in SwitzerlandAll rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intran
8、et, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCh. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, SwitzerlandTel. +41 22 749 01 11Fax +41 22 749 09 47copyrightiso.orgwww.is
9、o.orgBS ISO 16392:2017ISO 16392:2017(E)Foreword iv1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 14 Measurement . 24.1 Description . 24.2 Measuring equipment . 24.3 Conditioning 24.4 Measurement conditions 35 Interpretation of results . 46 Report 4Annex A (normative) Limit values 5Anne
10、x B (informative) Measurement of the electrical resistance of pneumatic and solid tyres on the vehicle 6Annex C (informative) Measurement of the electrical resistance of pneumatic and solid tyres: Production control 8Bibliography 9 ISO 2017 All rights reserved iiiContents PageBS ISO 16392:2017ISO 16
11、392:2017(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for
12、 which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on a
13、ll matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. T
14、his document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying an
15、y or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of
16、 users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the follow
17、ing URL: www .iso .org/ iso/ foreword .html.This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 31, Tyres, rims and valves.This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 16392:2007), which has been technically revised.iv ISO 2017 All rights reservedBS ISO 16392:2017INTERNATIONA
18、L STANDARD ISO 16392:2017(E)Tyres Electrical resistance Test method for measuring electrical resistance of tyres on a test rig1 ScopeThis document describes a test method to measure the electrical resistance of pneumatic and solid tyres, under load, on a test rig. Static charges on a vehicle sometim
19、es need to be dissipated by way of the tyre. Electrical resistance inversely measures the ability of the tyre to dissipate static charge from the vehicle.The method specifies procedures and equipment such that electrical resistance can be accurately determined for tyres with values up to 1012.Annex
20、A specifies the limit values in ohms () for both dissipative and conductive tyres. Annex B specifies additional conditions for measurement on a vehicle. Annex C specifies simplified test conditions for production control routine.2 Normative referencesThe following documents are referred to in the te
21、xt in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 4223 (all parts), Definitions of some terms
22、 used in the tyre industry3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 4223 and the following apply.ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses: IEC Electropedia: available at h t t p :/ www .
23、electropedia .org/ ISO Online browsing platform: available at h t t p :/ www .iso .org/ obp3.1connecting pointany point on the wheel or metal loading plate where the leads of the resistance-measuring instrument are connected3.2test loadforce applied to the tyre through the rim, normal to the metal l
24、oading plate onto which the tyre is loaded3.3tyre electrical resistanceresistance measured between the wheel of a mounted and inflated tyre-wheel assembly and a metallic plate onto which the tyre is loaded at a specified loadNote 1 to entry: Tyre electrical resistance is measured in ohms (). ISO 201
25、7 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 16392:2017ISO 16392:2017(E)4 Measurement4.1 DescriptionThe electrical resistance of an inflated tyre-wheel assembly is measured between the wheel and the conducting surface against which the tyre is loaded.4.2 Measuring equipmentResistance shall be measured by a commerc
26、ial instrument capable of measuring electrical resistance in ohms and having a power source capable of 1 000 V. The voltage shall be controlled as described in Table 1 and shall not dissipate more than 3 W in the test sample. The instrument shall be capable of determining the resistance up to a valu
27、e of 1012 with an accuracy of 10 %. It is recommended that the input impedance shall be at least 1014.The metal loading plate shall be flat and sufficient in dimensions to encompass the entire contact surface of the tyre under test, and with sufficient thickness to support the test loads described i
28、n 4.4 without visible deformation. The plate shall be made of a conductive corrosive-resistant metal, e.g. brass or stainless steel, and free from coating or obvious surface contamination, such as oxidation or corrosion. Aluminium shall not be used for the plate because of its high susceptibility to
29、 the rapid development of surface oxides, which may adversely affect reading accuracy.The loading fixture (see Figure 1) shall be capable of applying the tyre load to the metal in a radial direction, against the metal loading plate. Test load measurement accuracy shall be 1 % of the full scale.The s
30、heet insulating material, such as polyethylene, PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) or equivalent, shall have sufficient strength to support the test loads described in 4.4 without visible deformation. The insulating material should have dimensions on all sides at least 50 mm greater than the metal loadi
31、ng plate. With insulating sheet installed between the metal loading plate and the loading apparatus base (see Figure 1), it is recommended that the electrical resistance between the plate and the loading apparatus be at least 1014. In any case, the electrical resistance of the plate relative to load
32、ing apparatus shall be at least two orders of magnitude higher than the resistance of the tyre being measured.Table 1 Test voltage resistanceResistance range Test voltage V103to 1041104to 10510105to 106100106to 10121 0004.3 ConditioningFor at least 8 h prior to measurement of passenger, light truck
33、and motorcycle tyre applications (24 h for all other tyres: truck, industrial, agricultural and EM tyres), the tyre to be tested shall be kept at an ambient temperature of ()25 C105+, and a relative humidity less than or equal to 60 %.2 ISO 2017 All rights reservedBS ISO 16392:2017ISO 16392:2017(E)D
34、imensions in millimetresKey1 connecting point2 measuring instrument3 metallic plate4 insulating material5 loading baseF test loadaOffset.Figure 1 Apparatus4.4 Measurement conditionsThe test load applied during the measurement is (80 5) % of the maximum tyre load capacity marked; single load if both
35、single and dual load are marked. The inflation pressure is equal to (80 5) % of the pressure corresponding to the maximum tyre load. The inflation pressure to be registered in the test report shall be appropriate for the test load applied. Ambient temperature during the measurement shall be maintain
36、ed at ()25 C105+. Relative humidity shall be lower than or equal to 60 % during the measurement procedure.The approved wheel (preferably steel) shall be stripped clean in the bead seat area, as well as at the connecting point. It is necessary to make sure the tyre is dry before taking the measuremen
37、t. Dry mount the tyre if possible. To avoid damage to tyre in the case of difficult mounting conditions, a water-soluble mounting solution can be used. Any mounting solution on the sidewall or tread of the tyre shall be cleaned and dried. Mark a reference point on the tyre sidewall with a non-conduc
38、tive material.Set up the apparatus as shown in Figure 1. Clean the metal loading plate with isopropyl alcohol or a similar agent and allow to dry. Conductive or non-conductive substances on the tyre which could affect the result, such as mould release agents, paints or both, shall be removed. The us
39、e of organic solvent, which is likely to attack the rubber, is prohibited. Connect the ohmmeter leads to the metal loading plate and the wheel.Load the tyre-wheel assembly at the reference point to the value as specified in 4.4, hold for 1 min, and then remove the load. Repeat the load-unload cycle
40、a second time.If the resistance is less than 1010, the current should be not less than 107A and the voltage not more than 1 000 V (see Table 1). Load the tyre a third time to the test load and immediately apply the test ISO 2017 All rights reserved 3BS ISO 16392:2017ISO 16392:2017(E)voltage. Record
41、the resistance measurement 3 min 10 s after the voltage has been applied. The voltage and the load shall be applied continuously to the tyre until the final measurement is recorded. Unload the tyre. Repeat the preload cycle and measurement for at least two other additional circumferential locations
42、approximately evenly spaced around the tyre.5 Interpretation of resultsThe resultant electrical resistance of the tyre is the highest value of the electrical resistance measurements of all circumferential measurement points.6 Report6.1 The report should contain the following information: individual
43、measurements (); highest value of measurements (); applied voltage (V); products for cleaning the tyre and the plate; material of the test wheel; ambient temperature during the test (C); relative humidity during the test (%); tyre size; test load (N); test inflation pressure (kPa); rim width/contour
44、.6.2 The report can also contain the following additional information: manufacturer; brand name (commercial name); service description (load index, speed symbol or other load capacity); load capacity (kg); date of production; location of reference point.4 ISO 2017 All rights reservedBS ISO 16392:201
45、7ISO 16392:2017(E)Annex A (normative) Limit valuesA.1 GeneralThe resultant electrical resistance of the tyre is the highest value of the electrical resistance measurements of all circumferential measurement points.A.2 LimitsA.2.1 Normal applications Dissipative tyresTyres presenting an electrical re
46、sistance lower than or equal to 1010, when measured according to the present method, are called “dissipative”.A.2.2 Applications requiring tyres with a high electrical conductivity Conductive tyresTyres presenting an electrical resistance lower than 106, when measured according to the present method
47、, are called “conductive”. ISO 2017 All rights reserved 5BS ISO 16392:2017ISO 16392:2017(E)Annex B (informative) Measurement of the electrical resistance of pneumatic and solid tyres on the vehicleB.1 GeneralThis annex describes a test method to measure the electrical resistance of pneumatic and sol
48、id tyres, under load, on a vehicle under working conditions.B.2 MeasurementB.2.1 DescriptionThe electrical resistance of an inflated tyre, mounted on a vehicle that is placed with one tyre on a metal loading plate, is measured between the vehicle frame and the conducting surface against which the ty
49、re is loaded.B.2.2 Measurement equipmentThe vehicle should be placed with one tyre on a metal loading plate covered by a piece of damp blotting paper to minimize errors caused by contaminations (see Figure B.1). The frame should be clean in the connecting area.6 ISO 2017 All rights reservedBS ISO 16392:2017ISO 16392:2017(E)Dimensions in millimetresKey1 connecting point-frame2 measuring instrument3 metallic plate4 connecting point5 blotting paper (between t
