1、BSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 16730-1:2015Fire safety engineering Procedures and requirementsfor verification and validationof calculation methodsPart 1: GeneralBS ISO 16730-1:2015 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 16730-1:2015.The UK participat
2、ion in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee FSH/24, Fire safety engineering.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible fo
3、r its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2015. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2015ISBN 978 0 580 86765 1ICS 13.220.01Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy an
4、d Strategy Committee on 31 August 2015.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS ISO 16730-1:2015 ISO 2015Fire safety engineering Procedures and requirements for verification and validation of calculation methods Part 1: GeneralIngnierie de la scurit incendie Procdures et exigences pou
5、r la vrification et la validation des mthodes de calcul Partie 1: GnralitsINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO16730-1First edition2015-08-15Reference numberISO 16730-1:2015(E)BS ISO 16730-1:2015ISO 16730-1:2015(E)ii ISO 2015 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2015, Published in SwitzerlandAll
6、rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested fro
7、m either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCh. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, SwitzerlandTel. +41 22 749 01 11Fax +41 22 749 09 47copyrightiso.orgwww.iso.orgBS ISO 16730-1:2015ISO 16730-1:2015(E)Foreword ivIntroduction v1
8、 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 14 Documentation . 44.1 General . 44.2 Technical documentation . 44.2.1 General 44.2.2 Description of the calculation method 44.2.3 Description of the verification and validation of the calculation method 54.2.4 Worked examples 64.3 Users m
9、anual . 64.3.1 General 64.3.2 Program description . 64.3.3 Installation and operating instructions . 64.3.4 Program considerations 74.3.5 Input data description. 74.3.6 External data files . 74.3.7 System control requirements 74.3.8 Output information 84.3.9 Sample problems/worked examples 84.3.10 E
10、rror handling 85 Methodology . 85.1 General . 85.2 Verification 115.2.1 Code checking 115.2.2 Temporal and spatial discretization .115.2.3 Iterative convergence and consistency tests 125.2.4 Review of the numerical treatment of models 125.3 Validation 125.3.1 General. 125.3.2 Open validation procedu
11、re 135.3.3 Blind validation procedure 135.3.4 Reporting of validation 145.3.5 Specific considerations in comparison of predictions with data 155.4 Review of the theoretical and experimental basis of probabilistic models .155.5 Sensitivity analysis . 165.6 Quality assurance. 166 Requirements for refe
12、rence data to validate a calculation method 176.1 General requirements 176.2 Specific requirements for validation data 18Annex A (informative) Guidance on audits in ISO 9000 family of standards 19Annex B (informative) Uncertainty .20Annex C (informative) Example validation methods 22Annex D (informa
13、tive) Methods for sensitivity analysis .31Annex E (informative) Quality assurance methodology 34Bibliography .39 ISO 2015 All rights reserved iiiContents PageBS ISO 16730-1:2015ISO 16730-1:2015(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national s
14、tandards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
15、organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for
16、its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/
17、directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in
18、 the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions rel
19、ated to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary informationThe committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 92, Fire safety, Subcommittee SC 4, Fire safety e
20、ngineering.This document cancels and replaces ISO 16730:2008, which has been technically revised. The original title Fire safety engineering Assessment, verification and validation of calculation methods has been replaced by Fire safety engineering Procedures and requirements for verification and va
21、lidation of calculation methods Part 1: General.iv ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO 16730-1:2015ISO 16730-1:2015(E)IntroductionThe objective of fire safety engineering is to assist in the achievement of an acceptable predicted level of fire safety. Part of this work involves the use of calculation
22、 methods to predict the course of events potentially occurring in case of a fire or as a consequence of a fire, and evaluate the ability of fire protection measures to mitigate the adverse effects of a fire on people, property, the environment and other objectives.The main principles necessary for e
23、stablishing credibility of these calculation methods are verification and validation. This International Standard addresses the procedures for verification and validation of calculation methods for fire safety engineering in general.Potential users of calculation methods and those who are asked to a
24、ccept the results need to be assured that the calculation methods provide sufficiently accurate predictions of the course and consequences of the fire for the specific application planned. To provide this assurance, the calculation methods chosen need to be verified for mathematical accuracy and val
25、idated for capability to reproduce the phenomena. A rigorous verification and validation process is a key element of quality assurance.There is no fixed requirement of accuracy that is applicable to all calculation methods. The accuracy level depends on the purposes for which a calculation method is
26、 to be used. Not all calculation methods need to demonstrate high accuracy as long as the error, uncertainty and limits of applicability of the calculation methods are known.This International Standard focuses on the predictive accuracy of calculation methods. However, other factors such as ease of
27、use, relevance, completeness and status of development play an important role in assessing the most appropriate method to use for a particular application. The assessment of the suitability of a calculation method for a special purpose within the field of fire safety engineering is supported by the
28、use of quality assurance methodology for the proof of the requirements being fulfilled. Guidance for establishing metrics for measuring the attributes of the relevant quality characteristics is outlined in brief in this International Standard.This International Standard contains elements that are in
29、tended, in part or in whole, to be used bya) developers of calculation methods (individuals or organizations who perform development activities, including requirement analysis, design and testing of components) to document the usefulness of a particular calculation method, perhaps for specific appli
30、cations. Part of the calculation method development includes identification of precision and limits of applicability, and independent testing,b) developers of calculation methods (individuals or organizations who maintain computer models, supply computer models and for those who evaluate computer mo
31、del quality as part of quality assurance and quality control) to document the software development process to assure users that appropriate development techniques are followed to ensure quality of the application tools,c) users of calculation methods (individuals or organizations who use calculation
32、 methods to perform an analysis) - to assure themselves that they are using an appropriate method for a particular application and that it provides adequate accuracy,d) developers of performance codes and standards - to determine whether a calculation method is appropriate for a given application,e)
33、 approving bodies/officials (individuals or organizations who review or approve the use of assessment methods and tools) - to ensure that the calculation methods submitted show clearly that the calculation method is used within its applicability limits and has an acceptable level of accuracy, andf)
34、educators - to demonstrate the application and acceptability of calculation methods being taught. ISO 2015 All rights reserved vBS ISO 16730-1:2015ISO 16730-1:2015(E)Users of this International Standard should be appropriately qualified and competent in the fields of fire safety engineering and risk
35、 assessment. It is important that users understand the parameters within which specific methodologies may be used.General principles are described in ISO 23932, which provides a performance-based methodology for engineers to assess the level of fire safety for new or existing built environments. Fir
36、e safety is evaluated through an engineered approach based on the quantification of the behaviour of fire and based on knowledge of the consequences of such behaviour on life safety, property and the environment. ISO 23932 provides the process (necessary steps) and essential elements to design a rob
37、ust performance-based fire safety programme.ISO 23932 is supported by a set of fire safety engineering International Standards available on the methods and data needed for the steps in a fire safety engineering design summarized in ISO 23932:2009, Clause 4 and shown in Figure 1 (taken from ISO 23932
38、:2009, Clause 4). This set of International Standards is referred to as the Global fire safety engineering analysis and information system. This global approach and system of standards provides an awareness of the interrelationships between fire evaluations when using the set of fire safety engineer
39、ing International Standards. The set includes ISO 16733-11), ISO 16732-1, ISO 16734, ISO 16735, ISO 16736, ISO 16737, ISO/TS 24679, ISO 16730-1, ISO 297612), ISO/TS 13447, and other supporting technical reports that provide examples of and guidance on the application of these standards.Each Internat
40、ional Standard supporting the global fire safety engineering analysis and information system includes language in the introduction to tie the standard to the steps in the fire safety engineering design process outlined in ISO 23932. ISO 23932 requires that calculation methods used in scenario-based
41、evaluations of trial designs (ISO 23932:2009, Clause 11) be verified and validated. Pursuant to the requirements of ISO 23932, this International Standard provides the procedures and requirements for the verification and validation of fire calculation methods. This step in the fire safety engineerin
42、g process is shown as a highlighted box in Figure 1 below and described in ISO 23932.1) To be published.2) To be published.vi ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO 16730-1:2015ISO 16730-1:2015(E)Figure 1 Flow chart illustrating the fire safety engineering design process (from ISO 23932:2009) ISO 2015 A
43、ll rights reserved viiBS ISO 16730-1:2015BS ISO 16730-1:2015Fire safety engineering Procedures and requirements for verification and validation of calculation methods Part 1: General1 ScopeThis International Standard establishes a framework for the verification and validation of all types of calcula
44、tion methods used as tools for fire safety engineering by specifying specific procedures and requirements for the purpose. It does not address specific fire models, but it is applicable to analytical models, algebraic correlations and complex numerical models, which are addressed as calculation meth
45、ods in the context of this International Standard.This International Standard includes a process to determine that the relevant equations and calculation methods are implemented correctly (verification) and that the calculation method being considered is an accurate representation of the real world
46、(validation), requirements for documentation to demonstrate the adequacy of the scientific and technical basis of a calculation method, requirements for data against which a calculation methods predicted results are checked, and guidance on use of this International Standard by developers and/or use
47、rs of calculation methods, and by those assessing the results obtained by using calculation methods.2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited
48、applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 23932, Fire safety engineering General principlesISO 13943, Fire safety VocabularyISO/IEC 25000, Systems and software engineering Systems and software Quality Requirements and Evalua
49、tion (SQuaRE) Guide to SQuaREISO/IEC 25010:2011, Systems and software engineering Systems and software Quality Requirements and Evaluation (SQuaRE) System and software quality modelsISO/IEC 25040:2011, Systems and software engineering Systems and software Quality Requirements and Evaluation (SQuaRE) Evaluation process3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 13943 and the following apply.INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16730-1:2015(E) ISO 2015 All rights rese
