1、National Standard of CanadaCAN/CSA-M3471-05(ISO 3471:1994)International Standard ISO 3471:1994 (first edition, 1994-02-01), including Amendment 1:1997 andTechnical Corrigendum 1:2000, has been adopted without modification (IDT) as CSA StandardCAN/CSA-M3471-05, which has been approved as a National S
2、tandard of Canada by the Standards Councilof Canada.ISBN 1-55397-635-5 February 2005IS0 3471:1994(E) this remains the continuing responsibility of the accredited standards development organization. Those who have a need to apply standards are encouraged to use National Standards of Canada whenever p
3、racticable. These standards are subject to periodic review; therefore, users are cautioned to obtain the latest edition from the organization preparing the standard.The responsibility for approving National Standards of Canada rests with theStandards Council of Canada270 Albert Street, Suite 200Otta
4、wa, Ontario, K1P 6N7CanadaCette Norme nationale du Canada est offerte en anglais et en franais.Although the intended primary application of this Standard is stated in its Scope, it is importantto note that it remains the responsibility of the users to judge its suitability for their particular purpo
5、se.Registered trade-mark of Canadian Standards AssociationCAN/CSA-M3471-05Earth-moving machinery Roll-over protective structures Laboratory tests and performance requirementsFebruary 2005 Canadian Standards Association CSA/1CAN/CSA-M3471-05Earth-moving machinery Roll-over protective structures Labor
6、atory tests and performance requirementsCSA PrefaceThis is the first edition of CAN/CSA-M3471, Earth-moving machinery Roll-over protective structures Laboratory tests and performance requirements, which is an adoption without modification of the identically titled ISO (International Organization for
7、 Standardization) Standard (first edition, 1994-02-01), including Amendment 1:1997 and Technical Corrigendum 1:2000. This Standard is one of a series of CSA Standards on roll-over and tip-over protection for mobile construction, industrial, mining, forestry, and agricultural machinery. This series i
8、s divided into the following Standards, with additional Standards to be added as they are developed:(a) CSA B352.0, Rollover Protective Structures (ROPS) for Agricultural, Construction, Earthmoving, Forestry, Industrial, and Mining Machines Part 1: General Requirements;(b) CSA B352.1, Rollover Prote
9、ctive Structures (ROPS) for Agricultural, Construction, Earthmoving, Forestry, Industrial, and Mining Machines Part 2: Testing Requirements for ROPS on Agricultural Tractors;(c) CSA B352.2, Rollover Protective Structures (ROPS) for Agricultural, Construction, Earthmoving, Forestry, Industrial, and M
10、ining Machines Part 3: Testing Requirements for ROPS on Construction, Earthmoving, Forestry, Industrial, and Mining Machines;(d) CSA M3463, Wheeled tractors for agriculture and forestry Protective structures Dynamic test method and acceptance conditions; (e) M3471, Earth-moving machinery Roll-over p
11、rotective structures Laboratory tests and performance requirements;(f) M5700, Wheeled tractors for agriculture and forestry Protective structures Static test method and acceptance conditions;(g) M8082, Self-propelled machinery for forestry Roll-over protective structures Laboratory tests and perform
12、ance requirements; and(h) M12117, Earth-moving machinery Tip-over protection structures (TOPS) for compact excavators Laboratory tests and performance requirements. Adoption of these ISO Standards on ROPS and TOPS, along with Standards such as ISO 3776 on operator restraint systems, will aid in the
13、safe design of mobile construction, industrial, mining, forestry, and agricultural machinery across North America. This Standard was reviewed for Canadian adoption by the CSA Technical Committee on Roll-over Protective Structures, under the jurisdiction of the Standards Steering Committee on Occupat
14、ional Health and Safety and has been formally approved by the Technical Committee. A list of the members of the Technical Committee is available upon request. This Standard has been approved as a National Standard of Canada by the Standards Council of Canada.February 2005CAN/CSA-M3471-05Earth-moving
15、 machinery Roll-over protective structures Laboratory tests and performance requirementsCSA/2 Canadian Standards Association February 2005 Canadian Standards Association 2005All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form whatsoever without the prior permission ofthe p
16、ublisher. ISO material is reprinted with permission. Where the words “this International Standard” appear in the text, they should be interpreted as “this National Standard of Canada”.Inquiries regarding this National Standard of Canada should be addressed toCanadian Standards Association5060 Spectr
17、um Way, Suite 100, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada L4W 5N61-800-463-6727 416-747-4044www.csa.caINTERNATIONAL STANDARD IS0 3471 First edition 1994-02-01 Earth-moving machinery - Roll-over protective structures - Laboratory tests and performance requirements Engins de terrassemen t - Structures de protec
18、tion au retournement - Essais de laboratoire et crithres de performance Reference number . . IS0 3471:1994(E) graders; wheeled loaders and wheeled tractors and their modified versions used for rolling or compacting, dozer-equipped wheeled tractors, skid-steer load- ers and backhoe loaders; wheeled i
19、ndustrial tractors; the tractor portion (prime mover), of tractor scrapers, water wagons, articulated steer dumpers, bottom-dump wagons, side-dump wag- ons, rear-dump wagons and towed fifth-wheel at- tachments; rollers and compactors; rigid frame dumpers. Normative references The following standards
20、 contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. At the time of publica- tion, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to in
21、vestigate the possibility of applying the most re- cent editions of the standards indicated below. Members of IEC and IS0 maintain registers of cur- rently valid International Standards. IS0 148: 1983, Steel - Charpy impact test (V-notch). IS0 898-l : 1988, Mechanical properties of fasteners - Part
22、1: Bolts, screws and studs. IS0 898-2: 1992, - Part 2: Nuts Coarse thread. Mechanical properties of fasteners with specified proof load values - IS0 3164:1992, Earth-moving machinery - Labora- tory evaluations of roll-over and falling-object protec- tive structures - Specifications for deflection-li
23、miting volume. IS0 6165:1987, Earth-moving machinery - Basic types - Vocabulary. IS0 9248:1992, Earth-moving machinery - Units for dimensions, performance and capacities, and their measurement accuracies. 3 Definitions For the purposes of this International Standard, the following definitions apply.
24、 3.1 wheeled industrial tractor: Self-propelled ma- chine designed to provide drawbar and/or PTO power to implements for landscaping and site sewices at earth-moving job sites. 3.2 roll-over protective structure (ROPS): System of structural members whose primary purpose is to reduce the possibility
25、of a seat-belted operator being 1 IS0 3471:1994(E) 0 IS0 crushed should the machine roll over. Structural members include any subframe, bracket, mounting, socket, bolt, pin, suspension or flexible shock ab- sorber used to secure the system to the machine frame, but exclude mounting provisions that a
26、re inte- gral with the machine frame. 3.3 machine frame: Main chassis or main load- bearing member(s) of the machine which extend(s) over a major portion of the machine and upon which the ROPS is directly mounted. 3.4 rollbar ROPS: One- or two-post ROPS without FOPS or any cantilevered load-carrying
27、 structural members. 3.5 bedplate: Substantially rigid part of the test fix- tures to which the machine frame is attached for the purpose of the test. 3.6 deflection-limiting volume (DLV): Orthogonal approximation of a large, seated, male operator wearing normal clothing and a hard hat. (See IS0 316
28、4:1992, figure 1.) 3.7 representative specimen: ROPS, mounting hardware and machine frame (complete or partial) for test purposes that is within the manufacturers specifications. 3.8 load distribution device: Device used to pre- vent localized penetration of the ROPS members at the load application
29、point. 3.9 load application point: Point on the ROPS structure where the test load is applied to the ROPS structure. 3.10 deflection of ROPS: Movement of the ROPS structure caused by the application of the load and measured at the load application point. 3.11 falling-object protective structure (FOP
30、S): System of structural members arranged in such a way as to provide operators with reasonable protection from falling objects (for example, trees, rocks, small concrete blocks, tools). 3.12 simulated ground plane (SGP): Flat surface on which a machine, after rolling over, is assumed to come to res
31、t. 3.12.1 lateral simulated ground plane (LSGP): For a machine coming to rest on its side, the plane 15” away from the DLV about the horizontal axis within the plane established in the vertical plane passing through the outermost point (see figure4). This es- tablishes the LSGP. The LSGP is establis
32、hed on an unloaded ROPS and moves with the member to which load is applied while maintaining its 15” angle with respect to the vertical. 3.12.2 vertical simulated ground plane (VSGP): For a machine coming to rest in an upside-down pos- ition, the plane is defined by the top cross-member of the ROPS
33、and that front (rear) part of the machine likely to come in contact with flat ground at the same time as the ROPS and capable of supporting the upside-down machine. The VSGP moves with the deformed ROPS (see figure 5). NOTE 1 The VSGP applies only to rollbar ROPS. 4 Symbols The following symbols and
34、 abbreviations are used in this International Standard. 4.1 U: Energy absorbed by the structure, related to the machine mass, expressed in joules. 4.2 F: Force, expressed in newtons. 4.3 M: Manufacturers maximum recommended mass, expressed in kilograms. 4.3.1 The manufacturers maximum recommended ma
35、ss includes attachments in operating condition with all reservoirs full to capacity, tools and ROPS; it excludes towed equipment such as rollers, com- pactors and drawn scrapers. 4.3.2 For the tractor scraper and articulated steer dumper, it is the manufacturers maximum recom- mended mass of the tra
36、ctor portion (prime mover) only. In most cases it is the tractor portion, but it should be the ROPS-bearing member or ROPS-carrying part. Kingpins, hitches and articulated- steering components that attach to hitches or towed units are excluded from the mass of these machines. 4.3.3 For rigid frame d
37、umpers, M excludes the mass of the dump body and the payload when the “ROPS only” criteria are selected. When the “body only” cri- teria are selected, 1M includes the mass of the dump body but excludes the mass of the payload. 4.3.4 For rollers and compactors, loosely contained ballast is also to be
38、 excluded from M. Soil, mud, rocks, branches, debris, etc. that commonly adhere to or lie on machines in use are not considered as part of the mass of any machine. Material dug, carried or handled in any manner is not considered part of the machine mass in determining test requirements. 2 0 IS0 IS0
39、3471:1994(E) 4.4 L: Length of the ROPS in millimetres as ex- pressed below. a) For a one- or two-post ROPS with a FOPS and/or cantilevered load-carrying structural members, the length, L, is that portion of the cantilevered load- carrying members which covers the vertical pro- jection of the length
40、of the DLV of the operator. It is measured at the top of the ROPS, from the extreme face -of the ROPS post(s) to the far end of the cantilevered load-carrying members (see figure 1). b) For all other ROPS, the length, L, is the greatest total longitudinal distance between the outsides of the front a
41、nd rear posts (see figure2). 4.5 W: Width of the ROPS in millimetres as ex- pressed below. a) For a one- or two-post ROPS with a FOPS and/or cantilevered load-carrying structural members, the width, W, is that portion of the cantilevered load- carrying members which covers the vertical pro- jection
42、of the width of the DLV. It is measured at the top of the ROPS, from the extreme face of the ROPS post to the far side of the cantilevered load-carrying members. b) For all other ROPS, the width, W, is the greatest total width between the outsides of the left and right ROPS posts (see figure3). 4.6
43、A: Deflection of the ROPS, expressed in milli- metres. Load distributor 7 Boundary planes of DLV NOTE - Load distributor and socket are to prevent local penetration and to hold end of load-generating device. Figure 1 - Two-post ROPS with FOPS lateral load application point I :, 7. : IS0 3471:1994(E)
44、 0 IS0 Load distributor NOTES 59 500 IOM 2,03M 8M 2) Graders 70038010 8M 2,09M 6,4M . :* ; 1 . _ IS0 3471:1994(E) 0 IS0 Machine mass, A4 Lateral load force, F Lateral load energy, U Vertical load Longitudinal load force, F force, F kg N J N N 3) Wheeled loaders and wheeled tractors and their modifie
45、d versions used for rolling or compacting, dozer- equipped wheeled tractors, skid-steer loaders, and backhoe loaders 70032160 12M 2,68M 9,6M 6) Rollers and compactors (mass A4 excludes mass of loosely contained ballast) 70053 780 7h4 1,45M 5,6M 7) Rigid frame dumpers - ROPS only option (mass M exclu
46、des dump body and payload mass) 700 M 1750 6M 15 ooo( ,I-. 11 - IS0 3471:1994(E) 0 IS0 -1 Axle centreline NOTE - Typical but not mandatory layout. Figure 9 - Test bed anchorage of half articulated frame 12 IS0 3471:1994(E) installed) ly lowered NOTE - Typical but not mandatory layout. Figure 10 - An
47、chorage of skid-steer loader . . s _, I 13 _ IS0 3471:1994(E) NOTE - Typical but not mandatory layout. Figure 11 - Anchorage of dumper frame - “ROPS only” option Dim ensions in millimettes Longitudi Boundary planes of DLV Y” and vertical Figure 12 - Loading of dumper - “body only” option 14 0 IS0 IS
48、0 3471:1994(E) 6 Test loading procedure 6.1 General 6.1.1 All load application points shall be identified and marked on the structure before any loading is applied. 6.1.2 The loading sequence shall be lateral, vertical and then longitudinal, except for wheeled industrial tractors where the loading s
49、hall be lateral, longitudinal and then vertical. 6.1.3 No straightening or repair is permitted during or between loading phases. 6.1.4 A load-distribution device may be used to pre- vent localized penetration. It shall not impede rotation of the ROPS. 6.2 Lateral loading 6.2.1 The load distribution device may not distribute the load over a distance greater than 80 % of the length, L. 6.2.2 For a rollbar ROPS, the load application point shall be in lin
