1、May 2011 Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 10No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 91
2、.100.50!$p_e“1776066www.din.deDDIN EN 12846-1Bitumen and bituminous binders Determination of efflux time by the efflux viscometer Part 1: Bituminous emulsionsEnglish translation of DIN EN 12846-1:2011-05Bitumen und bitumenhaltige Bindemittel Bestimmung der Ausflusszeit mittels Ausflussviskosimeter T
3、eil 1: BitumenemulsionenEnglische bersetzung von DIN EN 12846-1:2011-05Bitumes et liants bitumineux Dtermination du temps dcoulement laide dun viscosimtre a coulement Partie 1: Emulsions de bitumeTraduction anglaise de DIN EN 12846-1:2011-05SupersedesDIN EN 12846:2002-08www.beuth.deDocument comprise
4、s pagesIn case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.1504.11 DIN EN 12846-1:2011-05 A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword This standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 336 “Bituminous binders” (Secretariat: AFNOR, France). The res
5、ponsible German bodies involved in its preparation were the Normenausschuss Materialprfung (Materials Testing Standards Committee) and the Normenausschuss Bauwesen (Building and Civil Engineering Standards Committee), Joint Committee NA 062-03-32 GA Gemeinschaftsarbeitsausschuss NMP/NABau/FGSV 7.2.0
6、.1: Bitumen; Prfverfahren und Anforderungen fr die Bindemittel. Amendments This standard differs from DIN EN 12846:2002-08 as follows: a) the number of the standard has been changed; b) Clause 4 “Principle” has been given in more detail; c) the standard has been editorially revised. Previous edition
7、s DIN EN 12846: 2002-08 2 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 12846-1 March 2011 ICS 91.100.50 Supersedes EN 12846:2002English Version Bitumen and bituminous binders - Determination of efflux time by the efflux viscometer - Part 1: Bituminous emulsions Bitumes et liants bitumineux -
8、 Dtermination du temps dcoulement laide dun viscosimtre coulement - Partie 1: Emulsions de bitume Bitumen und bitumenhaltige Bindemittel - Bestimmung der Ausflusszeit mittels Ausflussviskosimeter - Teil 1: Bitumenemulsionen This European Standard was approved by CEN on 22 January 2011. CEN members a
9、re bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to
10、 the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management C
11、entre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, N
12、orway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2011 CEN All rights of exploitation in any fo
13、rm and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 12846-1:2011: EEN 12846-1:2011 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 31 Scope 42 Normative references 43 Terms and definitions .44 Principle 45 Reagents and materials 56 Apparatus .57 Sampling .68 Procedure .68.1 General 68.2 Prepar
14、ation of apparatus 78.3 Measurement 79 Expression of results 810 Precision .810.1 General 810.2 Repeatability .810.3 Reproducibility .811 Test report 9Annex A (normative) Specifications of thermometer . 12Bibliography . 13DIN EN 12846-1:2011-05 EN 12846-1:2011 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 12846-
15、1:2011) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 336 “Bituminous binders”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2011, and con
16、flicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by September 2011. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This d
17、ocument supersedes EN 12846:2002. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive 89/106/EEC. This European Standard EN 12846 consists of the following parts under the
18、 general title Bitumen and bituminous binders Determination of efflux time by the efflux viscometer: Part 1: Bituminous emulsions; Part 2: Cut-back and fluxed bituminous binders. EN 12846-1 has been created as the result of the merging of EN 12846:2002 and EN 13357:2002 under a single EN 12846 refer
19、ence (two different parts), since both standards describe very similar procedures with identical equipment. The two different parts have been made as consistent as possible by eliminating all existing minor differences between both methods. Compared with the previous edition, EN 12846:2002, the scop
20、e and principle were detailed, Figure 2 was added, tolerances were specified or modified in the apparatus dimensions, details were added in the test procedure and measurements made and the test precision data were reviewed. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards or
21、ganizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
22、Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. DIN EN 12846-1:2011-05 EN 12846-1:2011 (E) 4 1 Scope This European Standard specifies a method for the determination of the efflux time at 40 C of bituminous emulsions in seconds using an efflux viscometer. Alt
23、ernative test temperature is 50 C. NOTE The procedure described in this standard may also be followed to determine efflux time at other temperatures such as for instance 25 C. WARNING The use of this European Standard may involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment. This European Standard
24、does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this European Standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 2 Normative references The follo
25、wing referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 58, Bitumen and bituminous binders Sampling bituminous
26、binders EN 12594, Bitumen and bituminous binders Preparation of test samples EN 13302, Bitumen and bituminous binders Determination of dynamic viscosity of bituminous binder using a rotating spindle apparatus EN ISO 4788, Laboratory glassware Graduated measuring cylinders (ISO 4788:2005) 3 Terms and
27、 definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 viscosity internal resistance of a fluid to flow 3.2 efflux time time needed for a specified volume of a material to flow through a specified orifice at a specified temperature NOTE The efflux time is an i
28、ndirect measure of the viscosity and is also referred to as “pseudo-viscosity”. 4 Principle The efflux time of a bituminous emulsion is determined using an efflux viscometer known as the Standard Tar Viscometer (STV) which determines the time of efflux of a 50 ml sample through a 10 mm or a 4 mm or
29、a 2 mm orifice at a specified temperature. Whatever temperatures or orifice diameters used, the efflux time shall not exceed 600 s. For highly viscous emulsions, EN 13302 shall be used. DIN EN 12846-1:2011-05 EN 12846-1:2011 (E) 5 5 Reagents and materials 5.1 Light mineral oil. Light mineral oil hav
30、ing a viscosity equal or lower than 7 mm2/s at 40 C. 5.2 Solution Sa. Aqueous solution with a 1 % mass of sodium lauryl sulfate preferably, or aqueous solution with a nominal 1 % mass of sodium oleate shall be used for testing anionic emulsions. Those solutions (surfactants) shall be solubilised wit
31、h 1 % mass of sodium hydroxide (NaOH). The actual soap solution may be used if available on site, in case of routine tests or for simplicity. NOTE Sastands for “anionic solution“ as this solution is used for testing anionic emulsions. 5.3 Solution Sc. Aqueous solution with a 1 % mass of alkyltrimeth
32、ylammonium chloride preferably, or aqueous solution with a nominal 1 % mass of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide shall be used for testing cationic emulsions. Those surfactants shall be solubilised with 1 % mass of hydrochloric acid (HCl) (HCl concentration shall be approximately equal to 1 mol/l). The
33、 actual aqueous phase may be used if available on site, in case of routine tests or for simplicity. NOTE 1 SCstands for “cationic solution“ as this solution is used for testing cationic emulsions. NOTE 2 The solution of 1 % of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide should be prepared slightly above 25 C (bu
34、t not higher than 30 C). Then it should be stored at a temperature of (251) C before test. 6 Apparatus Usual laboratory apparatus and glassware, together with the following: 6.1 Efflux viscometer (see an example of viscometer on Figure 1) consisting essentially of a cup with an orifice in the centre
35、 of the base which may be closed by a ball-and-socket valve (see Figure 2). Three forms are required, differing only in the size of the orifice (10 mm, 4 mm and 2 mm). For other dimensions of the cup and the ball-valve, see Figure 3. The cup cylinder shall be made of brass. The ball valve should be
36、made of corrosion-resistant metal, with a ball on a rod, a levelling peg attached to the rod and a hemispherical top by means of which the valve may be supported in a vertical position. The viscometer cups shall be equipped with suitable corks or caps for closing the orifices with the ball valve in
37、position, and some means of covering the cups (e.g. lids) to prevent evaporation of water and minimize surface cooling effects. The viscometer-cup holder shall be capable of: supporting one or more cups in a vertical position; providing a valve support to hold the valve at least 16 mm vertically abo
38、ve the orifice of the cup during efflux of the test material. NOTE 1 To enhance resistance to wear and corrosion of the ball and socket valve, the bottom of the cup may be made from a different, corrosion resistant, material and screwed to the brass tube. It is then advised to use the same material,
39、 such as for instance phosphor-bronze, for the cup bottom and the ball valve. Wrought nickel alloy with copper or metals NiCu30 in accordance with ISO 9722 are possible materials for the rod of the ball valve. DIN EN 12846-1:2011-05 EN 12846-1:2011 (E) 6 NOTE 2 The viscometer cup should be provided
40、with a lid suitable for closing the upper end of the cup without touching the test material when the cup is filled. This lid is provided with a central hole through which the thermometer can pass and with a groove on one side through which the rod of the valve can pass. 6.2 Viscometer water-bath, co
41、nstant temperature for maintaining the test temperature to within 0,5 C. A typical elevation and a plan of assembled viscometer are given in Figure 1. 6.3 Temperature controlled water bath, maintained at (40,0 0,5) C, in which one or more of the viscometer cups can be immersed up to the rim of the c
42、up. NOTE 1 Other test temperatures are (50,0 0,5) C or (25,0 0,5) C. If a multiple-cup heating bath is used, the cups shall be separated from each other and from the walls of the bath by at least 55 mm. A suitable support shall be provided to maintain the cup(s) in a vertical position. An appropriat
43、e climatic chamber may be used for low breaking index emulsions (see 8.3.4). NOTE 2 The viscometer water bath (6.2) may also be used to directly condition the test sample in the cup. 6.4 Thermometers, two, conforming to the requirements described in Annex A. Other temperature measuring devices may b
44、e used instead of mercury stem thermometers. However, the mercury stem thermometer is the reference device. Therefore any alternative device employed shall be calibrated so as to provide the same readings as would be provided by the mercury stem thermometer, recognising and allowing for the fact of
45、changed thermal response times compared with the mercury thermometer. When measuring and controlling nominally constant temperatures, as in this test method, alternative devices can indicate greater cyclic variations than mercury thermometers, to an extent depending on the cycle time of heating and
46、the power of the controlled heat input. 6.5 Receiver, consisting of a 100 ml cylinder with graduations at 20 ml, 25 ml and 75 ml, complying with the requirements of EN ISO 4788. 6.6 Timing device, capable of measuring the efflux time with an accuracy of 0,2 s. 7 Sampling The material under test shal
47、l be sampled in accordance with EN 58 and prepared in accordance with EN 12594. The test shall be carried out in duplicate. 8 Procedure 8.1 General Carry out the procedure in laboratory at room temperature between 18 C to 28 C. DIN EN 12846-1:2011-05 EN 12846-1:2011 (E) 7 8.2 Preparation of apparatu
48、s Clean the viscometer cup (6.1) with a suitable solvent, to remove any mark of binder, and thoroughly dry it to remove all traces of solvent. If necessary, rub the interior of the cup and/or clean the orifice. Use soft tissue-paper or some similar material that will not leave particles behind or ab
49、rade the metal. When cleaning, care shall be taken not to damage the orifice. 8.3 Measurement 8.3.1 If the efflux time is unknown, measure it at 40 C with the 4 mm orifice viscometer cup. According to the efflux time obtained, 3 cases are possible. Choose the diameter of the orifice of the cup as follows. 1) If the efflux time is lower than 5 s, perform another determination at 40 C with 2 mm orifice. 2) If the efflux time is greate
