1、October 2008DEUTSCHE NORM English price group 15No part of this standard may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 13.180!$R27“1471520www
2、.din.deDDIN ISO 20282-1Ease of operation of everyday products Part 1: Design requirements for context of use and user characteristics(ISO 20282-1:2006)English version of DIN ISO 20282-1:2008-10Einfachheit der Handhabung von Produkten des tglichen Gebrauchs Teil 1: Gestaltungsanforderungen im Kontext
3、 von Anwendungs- und Benutzermerkmalen(ISO 20282-1:2006)Englische Fassung DIN ISO 20282-1:2008-10www.beuth.deDocument comprises 31 pagesDIN ISO 20282-1:2008-10 2 Contents Page National foreword 3 Introduction 4 1 Scope .5 2 Conformity.6 3 Terms and definitions.6 4 Ease of operation9 5 Requirements f
4、or review and documentation10 5.1 Review stages .10 5.2 Suggested process.12 5.3 Documentation14 6 Context of use.15 6.1 Main goal(s).15 6.2 Factors relating to other equipment .15 6.3 Physical environmental factors.15 6.4 Social environmental factors.15 7 User characteristics16 7.1 General.16 7.2 P
5、sychological and social characteristics.17 7.3 Physical and sensory characteristics.19 7.4 Demographics .21 Annex A (informative) User characteristics Further information 22 A.1 Cognitive abilities .22 A.2 Culture .22 A.3 Literacy 23 A.4 Language .23 A.5 Body dimensions 23 A.6 Biomechanical abilitie
6、s 24 A.7 Design approaches for users with special requirements.24 A.8 Visual and auditory abilities 25 A.9 Handedness.25 A.10 Age .25 A.11 Gender .26 Annex B (informative) Ease of operation as instantiation of usability as defined in ISO 9241-11 .27 Bibliography .28 Figures Figure 1 Example scenario
7、.10 Figure 2 Process for analysis of relevant aspects of context of use and user characteristics for everyday product and design review thereafter 13 Figure B.1 Ease of operation as an instantiation of the usability framework .27 Figure B.2 Framework of usability as in ISO 9241-11:1998.27 Tables Tab
8、le 1 Example documentation by context of use.14 Table 2 Example documentation by user characteristic .14 DIN ISO 20282-1:2008-10 3 National foreword This standard has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 159 “Ergonomics”, Subcommittee SC 1 “Ergonomic guiding principles”, Working group WG 1 “P
9、rinciples of ergonomics and ergonomic design” (Secretariat: DIN, Germany). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschuss Ergonomie (Ergonomics Standards Committee), Technical Committee NA 023-00-01 GA Gemeinschaftsausschuss NAErg/NAM Grund-stze der Ergonomie. ISO 20
10、282 consists of the following parts, under the general title Ease of operation of everyday products: Part 1: Design requirements for context of use and user characteristics Part 2: Test method for walk-up- and-use products (DIN ISO/TS 20282-2) Part 3 “Test method for consumer products” ISO/PAS 20282
11、-3 and Part 4 “Test method for the installation of consumer products” ISO/PAS 20282-4 will not be published as German Standards. Users of this standard should note that a terminological imprecision in the original text became evident when this document was translated from English into German. The ti
12、tle of this Part 1 of DIN ISO 20282 is: “Ease of operation of everyday products Design requirements for context of use and user characteristics”. This wording is defined in Clause 3 “Terms and definitions” as “Usability of the user interface”. Clause 1 “Scope” states that the “ease of operation addr
13、esses a subset of the concept of usability concerned with the user interface by taking account of ”. The introduction to this Part 1 of DIN ISO 20282, however, uses the short form “usability” in several places. As a general concept for various properties relating to usage, this could be misinterpret
14、ed in the present context. The German national committee thus is obliged to point out that this Part 1 of DIN ISO 20282 deals with the usability of the user interface(s) only, i.e. with the user-friendliness of the user interface of everyday products, and not with the usability of the products thems
15、elves. The DIN Standards corresponding to the International Standards referred to in the EN are as follows: ISO 7250 DIN EN ISO 7250 ISO 9241-11 DIN EN ISO 9241-11 ISO 9355-1 DIN EN 894-1 ISO 9355-2 DIN EN 894-2 ISO 9355-3 DIN EN 894-3 ISO 13407 DIN EN ISO 13407 IEC/TR 61997 DIN 40020 National Annex
16、 NA (informative) Bibliography 1 DIN 40020, Guidelines for the user interface in multimedia equipment for general purpose use (IEC/TR 61997:2001) Introduction An increasing number of everyday products include computer technology, making them more complex. Users need to understand how to operate prod
17、ucts in order to benefit from the functionality they offer, so usability is a key factor in determining a products success. As product complexity increases, the challenge for the user in understanding how to use the various functions of the product also increases, and for the producer it can be hard
18、er to design sufficiently usable products. Products with low usability often require the assistance of other people in order to be used, and this can result in frustrated users as well as in extra costs for the producer and vendor. Many companies have realized the importance of the usability of thei
19、r products and employ usability specialists in usability laboratories. Many test organisations include usability in their evaluation procedures. ISO 20282 is based on ISO 9241-11, which provides guidance on the specification and measurement of usability in general. ISO 20282 applies ISO 9241-11 to t
20、he user interfaces of everyday products. The focus on everyday products reflects the fact that many of the products we see around us on a regular basis still suffer from fundamental usability problems. The focus on user interfaces reflects the situation that while there are many factors that may hav
21、e important effects on usability, all interactive products will have a user interface whose quality can have significant positive or negative effects that facilitate or hamper the usage of the product. Everyday products include consumer products and walk-up-and-use products. For everyday products it
22、 is particularly critical to ensure that the interface enables the user to achieve their main goal(s). The focus on the main goal(s) reflects the outcomes that all users, or a large majority of them, wish to achieve, e.g. to use a telephone to make or receive a phone call, to use a ticket machine to
23、 buy a train ticket, or to use a television set to watch a television programme. The term “ease of operation” refers to this subset of the concept of usability and the specific measures used to support users in achieving their main goal(s). Everyday products are designed for an intended user populat
24、ion, which in general ought to be assumed to include people with a wide range of user characteristics. This part of ISO 20282 describes the user characteristics to be accounted for in the design of an everyday product. In recognizing that the population of older persons of the world is increasing, i
25、t takes into account the needs of those users1). ISO 9241-11 states that usability is concerned with the extent to which the users of products are able to use them effectively, efficiently, and with satisfaction. As tasks performed with everyday products are generally fast and of low complexity, the
26、 most important usability measure is effectiveness. 1) Developments in the field of accessibility have resulted in the creation and use of a wide variety of terms and definitions, related to older persons and disability, which differ throughout the world. For example, some people prefer to use the t
27、erm “people with disabilities” and others prefer “disabled people”. Overall, terms have evolved to become more precise and descriptive, rather than negative or stigmatizing. As no universal practice exists, the terms used in this part of ISO 20282 reflect the language generally used by international
28、 agencies such as the United Nations Organization and the World Health Organization. 4DIN ISO 20282-1:2008-10 Ease of operation of everyday products Part 1: Design requirements for context of use and user characteristics 1 Scope This part of ISO 20282 provides requirements and recommendations for th
29、e design of easy-to-operate everyday products, where ease of operation addresses a subset of the concept of usability concerned with the user interface by taking account of the relevant user characteristics and the context of use. This part of ISO 20282 is intended to be used in the development of e
30、veryday products, for which it defines ease of operation, explains which aspects of the context of use are relevant, and describes the characteristics of the intended user population that may influence usability. The intended users of this part of ISO 20282 are usability specialists, ergonomists, pr
31、oduct designers, interaction designers, product manufacturers and others involved in the design and development of everyday products. This part of ISO 20282 is applicable to mechanical and/or electrical products with an interface that a user can operate directly or remotely to gain access to the fun
32、ctions provided. These products fall into at least one of the following categories: a) consumer products intended for some or all of the general public which are bought, rented or used, and which may be owned by individuals, public organizations, or private companies; b) consumer products intended t
33、o be acquired and used by an individual for personal rather than professional use (e.g. alarm clocks, electric kettles, telephones, electric drills); c) walk-up-and-use products that provide a service to the general public (such as ticket-vending machines, photocopying machines, fitness equipment);
34、d) products used in a work environment, but not as part of professional activities (e.g. a coffee machine in an office); e) products including software that supports the main goals of use of the product (e.g. a CD player). This part of ISO 20282 is not applicable to the following: f) purely physical
35、 products without an interactive user interface (such as a jug or a hammer); g) products where appearance or fashion is the main goal (such as a watch with no markings); h) products requiring specialist training, specific skills and/or professional knowledge (such as a musical instrument or a car);
36、i) standalone software products; j) products intended to be used for professional activities only. 5DIN ISO 20282-1:2008-10 NOTE 1 Some products include elements within the scope of this part of ISO 20282 and at the same time those that are not. For example, tasks relating to the use of a public int
37、ernet access terminal such as switching that terminal on and off are within the scope of this part of ISO 20282, whereas tasks relating to the general use of the internet from the terminal are not. NOTE 2 This part of ISO 20282 can be used in conjunction with ISO 13407, which describes how to take a
38、ccount of wider aspects of usability within a human-centred design process. NOTE 3 Some of the guidance of this part of ISO 20282 could be applicable to other types of systems in everyday use. 2 Conformity In order to develop an everyday product that is easy to operate, the context of use and the us
39、er characteristics shall be analysed and documented in accordance with Clause 6, and the design of an everyday product shall take account of the range of each characteristic that has been determined as being relevant. 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and
40、 definitions apply. 3.1 actual users group(s) of people who directly interact with a product NOTE Before a product is released, this relates to the intended user group; after release, it relates to what is known about the actual user group. 3.2 consumer product product that is intended to be acquire
41、d and used by an individual for personal rather than professional use 3.3 context of use users, tasks, equipment (hardware, software and materials) and physical and social environments in which a product is used ISO 9241-11:1998, definition 3.5 3.4 ease of operation usability of the user interface o
42、f an everyday product when used by the intended users to achieve the main goal(s) supported by the product NOTE 1 Ease of operation is a specific subset of usability as defined in ISO 9241-11 (see 3.18), which in this case is applied to the operation of everyday products. Ease of operation assumes t
43、hat the functionality of the product other than the user interface operates correctly. NOTE 2 Ease of operation is measured as effectiveness of operation, optionally including efficiency of operation and satisfaction with operation. 3.5 effectiveness accuracy and completeness with which users achiev
44、e specified goals ISO 9241-11:1998, definition 3.2 6DIN ISO 20282-1:2008-10 3.6 effectiveness of operation percentage of users who achieve the main goal(s) of use of a product accurately and completely NOTE Measures of effectiveness of operation are based on success in achieving the end result indep
45、endently of whether the goal is achieved in the most efficient way. 3.7 efficiency resources expended in relation to the accuracy and completeness with which users achieve goals ISO 9241-11:1998, definition 3.3 3.8 efficiency of operation time taken to achieve the main goal(s) NOTE This identifies a
46、 specific resource for efficiency as defined in 3.7. 3.9 everyday product consumer product or walk-up-and-use product designed for use by members of the general public NOTE 1 Some products are designed for use by the general public as well as for professional use, but this definition only applies to
47、 non-professional use of the product. NOTE 2 “Everyday” does not imply that the product must be used every day by the user, rather that it is found in everyday life. 3.10 general public people having all possible variations of user characteristics, usually within a particular geographical area 3.11
48、goal intended outcome ISO 9241-11:1998, definition 3.8 NOTE A goal is stated independently of the functionality used to achieve it. 3.12 intended users group(s) of people for whom a product is designed NOTE 1 Adapted from ISO 9241-9:1999, definition 3.4.6 NOTE 2 In many cases the actual user populat
49、ion is different from that originally intended by the manufacturer. The intended user group is based on realistic estimations of who the actual users of the product will be. 3.13 interaction bi-directional information exchange between users and equipment IEC/TR 61997:2001, definition 3.4 NOTE 1 Equipment includes both hardware and software. NOTE 2 Information exchange can include physical actions, resulting in sensory feedback. 7DIN ISO 20282-1:2008-10 3.14 main goal most frequent or important outcome(s) that all, or a large majority of user
