1、Standard ECMA-240June 1996Standardizing Information and Communication SystemsPhone: +41 22 849.60.00 - Fax: +41 22 849.60.01 - URL: http:/www.ecma.ch - Internet: helpdeskecma.chData Interchange on 120 mmOptical Disk Cartridges usingPhase Change PD Format -Capacity: 650 Mbytes perCartridgeStandard EC
2、MA-240June 1996Standardizing Information and Communication SystemsPhone: +41 22 849.60.00 - Fax: +41 22 849.60.01 - URL: http:/www.ecma.ch - Internet: helpdeskecma.chMB ECMA-240.DOC 10-07-96 08,41Data Interchange on 120 mmOptical Disk Cartridges usingPhase Change PD Format -Capacity: 650 Mbytes perC
3、artridgeBrief HistoryECMA Technical Committee TC31 was established in 1984 for the standardization of Optical Disk Cartridges (ODCs). Sinceits establishment, the Committee has made major contributions to ISO/IEC JTC1/SC23 toward the development ofInternational Standards for 90 mm, 120 mm, 130 mm and
4、 300 mm ODCs. Numerous ODC standards have been developed byECMA TC31 and published as ECMA Standards, many of which have since been adopted by ISO/IEC under the fast trackprocedure.In December 1995 a group of six companies proposed the establishment of a project within ECMA TC31 for the developmento
5、f a standard for the 120 mm ODCs with a format commonly known as PD. This ODC has a large degree of commonality withCD-ROM so as to allow drive manufacturers to develop drives which can offer read compatibility with CD-ROM as defined inStandard ECMA-130. Receiving strong support for this effort from
6、 its members, ECMA TC31 began work to bring thespecification into a form suitable for an ECMA Standard by reviewing the first draft at its December 1995 meeting in Nice,France.This ECMA Standard specifies two types of ODCs (Type R/W and Type WORM) both of which are intended for use in dual-function
7、optical disk drives with the capability to handle both the 120 mm ODCs and CD-ROM disks such as those conformingto the ECMA-130 (ISO/IEC 10149) standard.Adopted as an ECMA Standard by the ECMA General Assembly of 20th June 1996.iTable of contentsPageSection 1 - General 11 Scope 12 Conformance 12.1 O
8、ptical disk cartridge 12.2 Generating system 12.3 Receiving system 12.4 Compatibility statement 13 Reference 14 Definitions 24.1 addressable track 24.2 band 24.3 case 24.4 Channel bit 24.5 Clamping Zone 24.6 control track 24.7 Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) 24.8 defect management 24.9 disk reference
9、plane 24.10 embossed mark 24.11 entrance surface 24.12 Error Correction Code (ECC) 24.13 field 24.14 format 24.15 interleaving 24.16 land and groove 24.17 mark 34.18 one-beam overwrite 34.19 optical disk 34.20 optical disk cartridge (ODC) 34.21 phase change (PC) 34.22 physical track 34.23 pitch 34.2
10、4 polarization 34.25 read power 34.26 recording layer 34.27 Reed-Solomon code 34.28 rewritable disk 34.29 sector 34.30 spindle 34.31 substrate 34.32 write once disk 44.33 ZCAV 44.34 zone 45 Conventions and notations 45.1 Representation of numbers 4ii5.2 Names 46 List of acronyms 47 General descripti
11、on of the optical disk cartridge 58 General requirements 58.1 Environments 58.1.1 Test environment 58.1.2 Operating environment 58.1.3 Storage environment 58.1.4 Transportation 68.2 Temperature shock 68.3 Safety requirements 68.4 Flammability 69 Reference Drive 69.1 Optical system 69.2 Optical beam
12、79.3 Read channel 79.4 Tracking 89.5 Rotation of the disk 8Section 2 - Mechanical and physical characteristics 810 Dimensional and physical characteristics of the case 810.1 General description of the case 810.2 Reference planes of the case 810.3 Dimensions of the case 810.3.1 Overall dimensions 810
13、.3.2 Location hole 910.3.3 Alignment hole 910.3.4 Reference surfaces 1010.3.5 Detents 1010.3.6 Write inhibit hole 1110.3.7 Media sensor area 1110.3.8 Spindle and head windows 1210.3.9 Shutter and shutter opener 1210.3.10 Mis-insertion protection 1310.3.11 Gripper slots 1410.3.12 Label area 1410.4 Me
14、chanical characteristics 1510.4.1 Material 1510.4.2 Mass 1510.4.3 Edge distortion 1510.4.4 Compliance 1510.4.5 Shutter opening force 1511 Dimensional, mechanical and physical characteristics of the disk 1511.1 General description of the disk 1511.2 Reference axis and plane of the disk 1511.3 Dimensi
15、ons of the disk 15iii11.3.1 Clamping Zone 1511.3.2 Clamping force 1611.4 Mechanical characteristics 1611.4.1 Material 1611.4.2 Mass 1611.4.3 Moment of inertia 1611.4.4 Imbalance 1611.4.5 Axial deflection 1611.4.6 Axial acceleration 1611.4.7 Radial runout 1611.4.8 Radial acceleration 1711.4.9 Tilt 17
16、11.5 Optical characteristics 1711.5.1 Index of refraction 1711.5.2 Thickness of the substrate 1711.5.3 Birefringence 1711.5.4 Reflectance 1712 Interface between cartridge and drive 1812.1 Capture cylinder 1812.2 Disk position in operating condition 18Section 3 - Format of information 3313 Geometry o
17、f physical tracks 3313.1 Physical track shape 3313.2 Direction of rotation 3313.3 Physical track pitch 3313.4 Addressable track number 3314 Format of the Information Zone 3314.1 General description of the Information Zone 3314.2 Division of the Information Zone 3314.2.1 Initial Zone 3414.2.2 Test Zo
18、nes for drives and manufacturers 3414.2.3 Test Zones for servo 3514.2.4 Control Zone 3514.2.5 Data Zone 3515 Addressable track format 3515.1 Addressable track layout 3515.2 Clock frequencies and periods 3515.3 Radial alignment 3615.4 Sector number 3616 Sector format 3716.1 Sector layout 3716.2 Secto
19、r Mark (SM) 3716.3 VFO fields 3816.4 Address Mark (AM) 3816.5 ID fields 3816.6 Postamble 1 (PA1) 38iv16.7 Offset Detection Field (ODF) 3916.8 Gap 3916.9 Sync 3916.10 Data field 3916.10.1 User data bytes 3916.10.2 CRC and ECC bytes 3916.10.3 Resync bytes 3916.10.4 Postamble 2 (PA2) 3916.11 Buffer fie
20、ld 3917 Recording code 4018 Format of the Data Zone 4118.1 Buffer tracks in the Data Zone 4518.2 Defect Management Areas (DMAs) 4518.3 Disk Definition Structure (DDS) 4518.4 Defect Management Sector (DMS) 4618.5 Working Defect List (WDL) 4718.6 Partitioning 4719 Defect management 4719.1 Initializati
21、on of the disk 4819. 2 Certification 4819. 2.1 Slipping Algorithm 4819. 2.2 Linear Replacement Algorithm 4819. 3 Disks not certified 4819. 4 Write procedure 4919.4.1 Rewritable disk 4919.4.2 Write once disk 4919.5 Primary Defect List (PDL) 4919. 6 Secondary Defect List (SDL) and Working Defect List
22、(WDL) 5019.6.1 Rewritable disk 5019.6.2 Write once disk 51Section 4 - Characteristics of embossed information 5320 Method of testing 5320.1 Environment 5320.2 Reference Drive 5320.2.1 Optics and mechanics 5320.2.2 Read power 5320.2.3 Read channels 5420.2.4 Tracking 5420.3 Definition of signals 5421
23、Signals from grooves 5621.1 Push-pull signal 5621.2 Divided push-pull signal 5621.3 On-track signal 5721.4 Phase depth 5721.5 Track location 57v22 Signals from Headers 5722.1 Sector Mark 5722.2 VFO1and VFO25722.3 Address Mark, ID field and Postamble 5723 Signals from embossed Recording fields 58Sect
24、ion 5 - Characteristics of the recording layer 5824 Method of testing 5824.1 Environment 5824.2 Reference Drive 5824.2.1 Optics and mechanics 5824.2.2 Read power 5824.2.3 Read channel 5824.2.4 Tracking 5824.3 Write conditions 5824.3.1 Write pulse 5924.3.2 Write power and pulse width 5924.4 Definitio
25、n of signals 5925 Write characteristics 5925.1 Resolution and modulation depth 5925.2 Narrow-band signal-to-noise ratio 5925.3 Cross-talk 6026 Overwrite erasability 60Section 6 - Characteristics of user data 6127 Method of testing 6127.1 Environment 6127.2 Reference Drive 6127.2.1 Optics and mechani
26、cs 6127.2.2 Read power 6127.2.3 Read amplifiers 6127.2.4 Analog-to-binary converters 6127.2.5 Error correction 6127.2.6 Tracking 6128 Minimum quality of a sector 6128.1 Headers 6228.1.1 Sector Mark 6228.1.2 ID fields 6228.2 User-written data 6228.3 Embossed data 6229 Data interchange requirements 62
27、29.1 Tracking 6229.2 User-written data 62vi29.3 Quality of disk 62Annex A Edge distortion test 63Annex B Compliance test 65Annex C CRC for ID fields 67Annex D Format of the Data field of a sector 69Annex E Contents of the Control Zone 73Annex F Definition of the overwrite pulse 77Annex G Air cleanli
28、ness class 100 000 79Annex H Position of the cartridge relative to the reference planes 81Annex J Relaxation by zones of the requirements for signals 83Annex K Track deviation measurement 85Annex L Guidelines for sector replacement 89Annex M Derivation of the operating climatic environment 91Annex N
29、 Transportation 97Annex P Office environment 99Annex Q Measurement of birefringence 101Section 1 - General1ScopeThis ECMA Standard specifies the characteristics of 120 mm Optical Disk Cartridges (ODCs) with a capacity of 650Mbytes using Phase Change PD format. The present ECMA Standard specifies two
30、 related, but differentimplementations of such cartridges, viz.Type R/W Provides for data to be written, read and overwritten many times over the whole recording surface ofthe disk using the phase change recording and read-out method .Type WORM Provides for data to be written once and read many time
31、s over the whole recording surface of thedisk using the phase change recording and read-out method.Type R/W and Type WORM are also referred to as “rewritable” and “write-once” respectively.This ECMA Standard specifies the conditions for conformance testing and the Reference Drive; the environments i
32、n which the cartridges are to be operated and stored; the mechanical and physical characteristics of the cartridge, so as to provide mechanical interchangeability betweendata processing systems; the format of the information on the disk known as the PD format; including the physical disposition of t
33、he tracksand sectors, the error correction codes, and the modulation method used; the characteristics of the embossed information on the disk; the phase change recording characteristics of the disk, enabling data processing systems to write data onto the disk; the minimum quality of user-written dat
34、a on the disk, enabling data processing systems to read data from the disk.This ECMA Standard provides for interchange between optical disk drives. Together with a standard for volume andfile structure, it provides for full data interchange between data processing systems.2 Conformance2.1 Optical di
35、sk cartridgeAn optical disk cartridge shall be in conformance with this ECMA Standard if it meets the mandatory requirementsspecified herein for its Type.2.2 Generating systemA generating system shall be in conformance with this ECMA Standard if the ODC it generates is in accordancewith 2.1.2.3 Rece
36、iving systemA receiving system shall be in conformance with this ECMA Standard if it is able to handle an ODC according to2.1.2.4 Compatibility statementA claim of conformance by a generating or receiving system with this ECMA Standard shall include a statementlisting any other ECMA or International
37、 Optical Disk Cartridge Standard(s) supported. This statement shall specifythe number of the standard(s), including, where appropriate, the ODC type(s) and whether support includes readingonly or both reading and writing.3 ReferenceECMA-129 (1994) Information Technology Equipment - Safety- 2 -4 Defi
38、nitionsFor the purpose of this ECMA Standard the following definitions apply.4.1 addressable trackA continuous group of 64 sectors in which each sector can be addressed in a linear manner beginning with sectornumber 0.4.2 bandA part of the Data Zone comprising a fixed number of consecutive physical
39、tracks.4.3 caseThe housing for an optical disk, that protects the disk and facilitates disk interchange.4.4 Channel bitThe elements by which the binary values ZERO and ONE are represented on the disk by either a space or a mark.NOTEIn this ECMA Standard each input bit is represented by two Channel b
40、its. Their sequence depends on that of theinput bits.4.5 Clamping ZoneThe annular part of the disk within which the clamping force is applied by the clamping device.4.6 control trackA track containing the information on media parameters and format necessary for writing and reading the remainingtrack
41、s of the optical disk.4.7 Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC)A method for detecting errors in data.4.8 defect managementA method for handling the defective areas on the disk.4.9 disk reference planeA plane defined by the perfectly flat annular surface of an ideal spindle onto which the clamping zone of th
42、e disk isclamped, and which is normal to the axis of rotation.4.10 embossed markA mark so formed as to be unalterable by optical means.4.11 entrance surfaceThe surface of the disk onto which the optical beam first impinges.4.12 Error Correction Code (ECC)An error-detecting code designed to correct c
43、ertain kinds of errors in data.4.13 fieldA subdivision of a sector.4.14 formatThe arrangement of information on the disk.4.15 interleavingThe process of allocating the physical sequence of units of data so as to render the data more immune to bursterrors.4.16 land and grooveA trench-like feature of
44、the disk, applied before the recording of any information, and used to define the tracklocation. The groove is located nearer to the entrance surface than the land with which it is paired to form a track.- 3 -4.17 markA feature of the recording layer that may take the form of an amorphous spot, crys
45、talline spot, a pit, or other formthat can be sensed by the optical system. The pattern of marks represents the data on the disk.NOTESubdivisions of a sector that are named mark are not marks in the sense of this definition.4.18 one-beam overwriteA method in which the information is written using a
46、laser beam by overwriting without a prior erasing.4.19 optical diskA disk that will accept and retain information in the form of marks in a recording layer, that can be read with anoptical beam.4.20 optical disk cartridge (ODC)A device consisting of a case containing an optical disk.4.21 phase chang
47、e (PC)A physical effect in which the laser beam irradiated area of a recording film is heated so as to reversibly changefrom an amorphous state to a crystalline state, and vice versa.4.22 physical trackThe path that is followed by the focus of the optical beam during one revolution of the disk.4.23
48、pitchThe distance between adjacent physical track centrelines, measured in a radial direction.4.24 polarizationThe direction of polarization of an optical beam is the direction of the electric vector of the beam.NOTEThe plane of polarization is the plane containing the electric vector and the direct
49、ion of propagation of the beam.The polarization is right-handed when to an observer looking in the direction of propagation of the beam, theendpoint of the electric vector would appear to describe an ellipse in the clockwise sense.4.25 read powerThe optical power, incident at the entrance surface of the disk, used when reading.4.26 recording layerA layer of the disk on, or in, which data is written during manufacture and/or use.4.27 Reed-Solomon codeAn error detection and/or correction code for the correction of errors that occur in bursts or are strongly correlated.4.28 rewrita
