1、BS EN 15552:2008ICS 55.180.40NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBRITISH STANDARDPackaging Complete,filled transportpackages and unitloads Performancetesting schedules forcommon distributionchainsThis British Standardwas published under theauthority of the Standards
2、Policy and StrategyCommittee on 31 March2009 BSI 2009ISBN 978 0 580 57506 8Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate CommentsBS EN 15552:2008National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 15552:2008.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCom
3、mittee PKW/0/-/6, Testing and Testing Methods.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisionsof a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a B
4、ritish Standard cannot confer immunityfrom legal obligations.BS EN 15552:2008EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN 15552August 2008ICS 55.180.40English VersionPackaging - Complete, filled transport packages and unit loads -Performance testing schedules for common distribution chainsEmbal
5、lages - Emballages dexpdition complets et pleins etcharges unitaires - Programmes dessai de performancepour circuits de distribution courantsVerpackung - Versandfertige Packstcke undLadeeinheiten - Prfplne fr gewhnliche TransportkettenThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 4 July 2008.CEN mem
6、bers are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on applicatio
7、n to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the
8、same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Ro
9、mania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedw
10、orldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 15552:2008: EBS EN 15552:2008EN 15552:2008 (E) 2 Contents Page 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references 5 3 Terms and definitions .5 4 Distribution chains and categorized shipped packages .6 4.1 Parcels delivery6 4.2 Packages with intended shipping position.6 4.
11、3 Palletized loads6 4.4 Packages in maritime containers.6 5 Relevant single testings and options 6 5.1 Climatic conditioning 6 5.2 Stacking Test7 5.3 Vibration Test.7 5.4 Horizontal Impact Test 8 5.5 Stability Test.8 5.6 Drop Test 8 5.7 Toppling Test .9 6 Sampling.9 7 Testing 10 8 Pass or fail crite
12、ria.13 9 Test report 13 Bibliography .14 BS EN 15552:2008EN 15552:2008 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 15552:2008) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 261 “Packaging”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, eit
13、her by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2009, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by February 2009. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN a
14、nd/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Repub
15、lic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. BS EN 15552:2008EN 15552:2008 (E) 4 Introduction Pac
16、kaging is designed for many functions in the distribution of goods like packing, handling, storage, transport, information, promotion, tamper proofing, easy opening, etc. This European Standard is intended to assess the protection of goods through handling, storage and transport of packages. The obj
17、ective is also to check whether the packaging is just sufficient to the level of stresses, but without excess. Alternatives are sometimes proposed to better cover actual likely hazards. The specified testing schedules cross-reference well recognized international testing methods. EN 13011 defines a
18、system for the declaration of performance conditions within goods transport chains. BS EN 15552:2008EN 15552:2008 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard specifies methods of deriving schedules for testing completed, filled transport packages and unit loads, representative of current distribution chain
19、s within Europe. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 14149:
20、2003, Packaging Complete, filled transport packages and unit loads Impact test by rotational drop. EN 22206, Packaging Complete, filled transport packages Identification of parts when testing (ISO 2206:1987) EN 22248, Packaging Complete, filled transport packages Vertical impact test by dropping (IS
21、O 2248:1985) EN 28768, Packaging Complete, filled transport packages Toppling test (ISO 8768:1986) EN ISO 2233:2001, Packaging Complete, filled transport packages and unit loads Conditioning for testing (ISO 2233:2000) EN ISO 2234:2002, Packaging Complete, filled transport packages and unit loads St
22、acking tests using a static load (ISO 2234:2000) EN ISO 2244, Packaging Complete, filled transport packages and unit loads Horizontal impact tests (ISO 2244:2000) EN ISO 2247:2002, Packaging Complete, filled transport packages and unit loads Vibration tests at fixed low frequency (ISO 2247:2000) EN
23、ISO 12048, Packaging Complete, filled transport packages Compression and stacking tests using a compression tester (ISO 12048:1994) EN ISO 13355, Packaging Complete, filled transport packages and unit loads Vertical random vibration test (ISO 13355:2001) ASTM D4003, Standard test methods for program
24、mable horizontal impact test for shipping containers and systems ASTM D5277, Standard test method for performing programmed horizontal impacts using an inclined impact tester 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this European Standard, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 test item
25、complete, filled transport package or unit load BS EN 15552:2008EN 15552:2008 (E) 6 3.2 single testing specific test intended to check the reaction of a complete, filled transport package or unit load to a predetermined stress 3.3 test schedule succession of single testings, carried out in a predete
26、rmined order on the same complete, filled transport package or unit load, in predetermined climatic conditions 4 Distribution chains and categorized shipped packages 4.1 Parcels delivery Covers single packages intended for delivery either by express service (normally within 24 hours) such as overnig
27、ht postal service or by parcel services (generally over 48 hours). 4.2 Packages with intended shipping position Covers packages fitted with integrated down bearers for easy handling by forklift equipments (i.e. platform, skids) and packages of products with known shipping position (i.e. refrigerator
28、). 4.3 Palletized loads Covers all structured stacks of packages on pallets, together with possible stability fittings (interleaves, corner posts, shrink/stretch films, etc). 4.4 Packages in maritime containers Covers the maritime shipping of structured stacks of packages in containers, including co
29、nnected road transportations. 5 Relevant single testings and options NOTE The single tests given in Clause 5 are those used in the test schedules in Table 6. 5.1 Climatic conditioning To reproduce the ambient climates in distribution chains. The preferred atmospheric conditions from EN ISO 2233:2001
30、 are given in Table 1. Other atmospheric conditions from Table 1 of EN ISO 2233:2001 may be chosen by mutual agreement between the parties; care should be taken that equilibrium has been reached before testing starts. BS EN 15552:2008EN 15552:2008 (E) 7 Table 1 Climatic Conditioning in accordance wi
31、th EN ISO 2233:2001 Condition (Table 1 EN ISO 2233: 2001) Temperature (C) Relative humidity (%) Rationale 7 + 23 50 dry environment 5 + 20 65 standard 8 + 30 85 moist environment 4 + 5 85 cold environment NOTE Avoid dew point when not occurring during distribution. 5.2 Stacking Test To investigate t
32、he effects of the compression stresses under static load. The reference load is the static force exerted by the vertical loads on the lower base tier, as for storage. Tests are carried out according to EN ISO 12048 or EN ISO 2234:2002, Method 2. If the dead load test is used the test item shall be m
33、aintained at the chosen atmospheric conditions for the duration of the test. Options and rationales are given in Table 2. Table 2 Stacking tests Testing mode Rationale EN ISO 12048 - Compressive force applied through a fixed platens type compression machine. To quickly check packaging systems known
34、from experience. EN ISO 2234:2002, Method 2 - Application of a static unguided dead load. To test packaging systems of unknown reaction. NOTE Testing mode commonly used by manufacturers or for quality control. NOTE Depending on the nature of the packaging under test, the results from guided and ungu
35、ided tests might not be comparable. 5.3 Vibration Test To investigate the effects of bouncing of packages, dynamic stressing of unit loads, and all collateral effects, induced by vibrations during transport. Testing shall be carried out in accordance with EN ISO 2247:2002, Method B, or EN ISO 13355.
36、 Options and rationales are given in Table 3. BS EN 15552:2008EN 15552:2008 (E) 8 The reference testing times of Table 6 for the random vibration option may be increased at the same level to evidence particular effects. Table 3 Vibration tests Testing mode Rationale Fixed Low Frequency according to
37、EN ISO 2247:2002 Method B Addresses the mechanical resistance of packaging. However this method may overlook collateral damages not due to dynamic stressing, such as abrasion, which may necessitate the addition of a horizontal component, taking care not to compromise stability during test.aRandom vi
38、bration according to EN ISO 13355 Most realistic means to reproduce vibration stresses of transport.baTest method first published as an ISO standard in 1972. bTest method first published as an ISO standard in 2001. 5.4 Horizontal Impact Test To investigate the effects of the dynamic horizontal impac
39、t hazards of sudden stops in transportations. The horizontal plane and the inclined plane are equal alternative testing modes. Test levels specified for testing packages with intended shipping position: Level 1: standard level; Level 2: reduced level when justified by experience or better distributi
40、on control. Testing shall be carried out in accordance with either EN ISO 2244, ASTM D4003 or ASTM D5277. NOTE The testing mode of ASTM D4003 and ASTM D5277 is less damaging for the impact equipment. 5.5 Stability Test To check the stability of unit loads to sudden stops during handling or transport
41、. The test is carried out with the horizontal impact testers. The horizontal plane and the inclined plane when levelled to the horizontal are equal alternative testing modes. Testing shall be carried out in accordance with EN ISO 2244, ASTM D4003 or ASTM D5277 with a stop block. See also the note in
42、 5.4. 5.6 Drop Test To investigate the effects of the vertical impact hazards on the contents and on the integrity of the packaging. Tests shall be carried out in accordance with EN 22248 or EN 14149:2003, Method A. Options and rationale are given in Table 4. BS EN 15552:2008EN 15552:2008 (E) 9 Tabl
43、e 4 Drop Tests Testing mode Rationale Vertical drop according to EN 22248 Addresses the hazards of handling of parcels and single packages. Rotational drop according to EN 14149:2003, Method A Addresses the hazards of handling of palletized loads or assimilated cases. Vertical drop heights of parcel
44、s with transport times of at least 48 hours are classified according to -Volume x Weight- combinations as given in Table 5. Table 5 Classes of parcels for deliveries of at least 48 H Class Volume V Weight W Vertical Drop Height (cm) A V 72 dm3or/and W 20 kg 80 B V 72 dm3or/and W 20 kg 50 5.7 Topplin
45、g Test To investigate the effects of the impact hazards incurred to goods in packages unstable on their base. Included only when a relevant actual hazard. Testing shall be carried out in accordance with EN 28768. 6 Sampling No standard sampling can be specified due to different needs of test schedul
46、es and level of detail targeted. However, additional test items may be required to increase representatively. The sampling shall thus be agreed upon between the parties. The test items shall be prepared as for shipping. Where required, identification of parts of the test items to be tested shall be
47、made in accordance with EN 22206. BS EN 15552:2008EN 15552:2008 (E) 10 7 Testing Following conditioning, the single tests are carried out sequentially on the same test item along the numbered steps of the test schedule specified for each distribution chain in Table 6. Wherever possible the tests sha
48、ll be carried out in atmospheric conditions identical to those used for conditioning. Each block of the Table gives all the testing modes and testing levels. This European Standard specifies general purposes test schedules. However, if the actual shipping circuit shows deviations from this standard
49、higher or lower or not relevant stresses the test schedule may accordingly be modified by mutual agreement of the parties. Any such modification shall be justified and included in the test report. BS EN 15552:2008EN 15552:2008 (E) 11 Table 6 Test schedules DISTRIBUTION CHAINS PARCELS PACKAGES WITH INTENDED SHIPPING POSITION SEQUENCE # EXPRESS SERVICE WITHIN 24 H PARCEL SERVICE AFTER 48 H 50 kg 50 kg PALETTIZED LOADS PACKAGES IN MARITIME CONTAINERS 1 Climatic Conditioning 4 Options EN ISO 2233: 2001 2
